Burgundy (wine)

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The term Burgundy wine can designate two categories of wines : either wines made from Burgundy grape varieties or wines from the Burgundy wine-growing region in France.

Wines made from Burgundy grape varieties

In German-speaking countries, Burgundy is the collective name for wines made from the related Pinot grape varieties , as they all have their origins in the French region of Burgundy . Real Burgundy varieties of the Pinot family, which probably all mutated from Pinot Noir or Black Riesling, are:

Red wine varieties:

White wine varieties:

Burgundy types (phenotypically similar or crosses with Burgundy varieties):

The Burgundy share of the German grape variety table has increased gradually. The vineyard areas of all Burgundy varieties total 29,735 hectares (as of 2019) and thus make up almost a third of the total German grape variety. The German Wine Queen 2019/2020 Angelina Vogt speaks of a "Burgundy miracle". With a cultivation area of ​​11,767 hectares, Germany ranks third in global Pinot Noir cultivation after France and the USA. When it comes to Pinot Gris, Germany ranks third in global Pinot Gris cultivation after Italy and the USA. When it comes to white Burgundy cultivation, Germany is by far the world leader with 5,334 hectares.

Wines from the Burgundy region

Typical burgundy bottle

All wines from the French wine-growing region of Burgundy are referred to as Burgundy , but not those of Beaujolais , which is part of the Burgundy region from an administrative point of view, but not historically and in terms of viticulture . These are all made from the grape varieties mentioned above, but as with almost all French AOC wines, there is no grape variety name on the label, but an area designation. The grape varieties are also determined by the area designation, because in the appellation quality wines can only be produced from the legally prescribed grape varieties; these can be several types, which can then be mixed ( assemblage ).

Red burgundy

The red wines from Burgundy are made exclusively from Pinot Noir ; Gamay is only permitted for Bourgogne Passetoutgrains and Bourgogne Grand Ordinaire . The red wine region of Burgundy is located on the Côte d'Or , south of Dijon . There, in the vineyards of the Côte de Nuits and Côte de Beaune, the highest quality Burgundy wines and some of the most expensive red wines in the world are produced. The crops of the Côte Chalonnaise to the south are more affordable .

A simple wine from the Bourgogne Contrôlée appellation is already subject to high demands; in particular, yield restrictions must be observed. The areas are divided from individual village locations (Villages) to plots of just a few hectares in size, which are marketed as individual locations ( Premier Cru , Grand Cru ) . These sites are awarded for their potential to produce high quality wines. Since these mostly small layers, unlike z. B. a large château in Bordeaux that produces very little wine, the Burgundy wines are not as well known as Bordeaux wines.

Burgundy wines are much more fragile in cultivation than the Bordeaux wines and cannot be stored for as long as they do. This sensitivity of the Pinot Noir grape variety and the associated high effort in cultivation and vinification allows the Burgundy wines to develop their own dynamic, far from the current rating systems ( Parker and others), which is highly valued by a small community of lovers. For a Grand Échezeaux , a Richebourg , a Chambertin , a Musigny or even a wine from the Domaine Romanée-Conti , prices similar to those for the most famous Grand Cru Classé wines from Bordeaux can be achieved on the market .

White burgundy

The well-known white Burgundy wines mostly consist of Chardonnay ; Aligoté is only rarely grown. There are three major growing areas: the original area of ​​the vine, the Côte de Beaune, the Mâconnais in the south of Burgundy and the region of Chablis . The wines from the Côte de Beaune are full, not so acidic white wines. The division into areas is similar to that already described for red wines. The most famous and expensive white Burgundy is the Montrachet . Well-known places are Meursault , Chassagne-Montrachet and Puligny-Montrachet on the Côte de Beaune and Pouilly-Fuissé in the Mâconnais.

On the limestone soils of the Chablis , which itself was long in the shadow of the Côte de Beaune, the wines acquire a mineral tone and are usually not quite as full as the more southern Chardonnays. Here, too, there are numerous village and small locations, which can also achieve high prices depending on their quality classification (Premier Cru, Grand Cru).

literature

  • Michel Mastrojanni: Le Grand Livre du Bourgogne . Éditions Solar, Paris 1995, ISBN 2-263-02181-7

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Burgunderland Germany , Deutsches Weininstitut, accessed on June 14, 2020
  2. ↑ Angelina Vogt and the #BurgunderWunder on: German Wine Institute , accessed on June 14, 2020
  3. ↑ a b c German Wine Institute : Statistics 2019/2020 . Bodenheim 2019 ( deutscheweine.de [PDF; 706 kB ] (Planted vineyards and important grape varieties according to growing areas in 2018)).