Auxerrois

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Auxerrois
Synonyms see section synonyms
Auxerrois
Art Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera )
Berry color light yellow
use
origin France
known since 1816
VIVC no. 792
ancestry

Cross between
Heunisch × Pinot

List of grape varieties

Auxerrois is a white wine variety with little distribution and importance in France ( Alsace ), Luxembourg and Germany ( Upper Moselle , Palatinate , Kraichgau ). The variety emerged from a natural cross between Heunisch and Pinot. The wine is reminiscent of Pinot Blanc , but compared to it has a richer bouquet, fruity and less acidity .

origin

According to a story from the thirteenth century La Borgoise d'Orliens , the variety is said to come from Alsace-Lorraine , where its name is mentioned. The name Auxerrois was also used for other varieties such as Pinot Blanc , Pinot Gris and Chardonnay . This historical reference in a fable is a very uncertain source. The earliest reference from a reliable source appeared on the Moselle in 1816: " les espèces de raisins de great race sont beaucoup moins bonnes que nos maurillons, nos francs-pineaux, nos meûniers et nos auxerrois ."

The name is probably derived from the French county of Auxerre .

ancestry

Auxerrois is a natural cross of Heunisch × Pinot. It belongs to the group of Burgundy varieties .

In 1999 DNA analyzes revealed that the varieties Aligoté , Aubin Vert , Auxerrois, Bachet Noir , Beaunoir , Chardonnay , Dameron Franc Noir de la Haute Saône (or Dameron for short ), Gamay Blanc Gloriod , Gamay , Knipperlé , Melon de Bourgogne , Peurion , Romorantin , Roublot and Sacy all emerged from spontaneous crosses between Pinot and Heunisch (= Gouais Blanc ). Since the genetic differences between Pinot Blanc , Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir are extremely small, an exact specification of the Pinot type is not yet available.

The success of this spontaneous crossing is explained by the fact that the two parent strains are genetically completely different. While the varieties of the Pinot family presumably come from Burgundy, Heunisch was brought from countries to the east or south. In the vineyards of Burgundy and southern Champagne, both varieties were mixed together for several centuries .

Ampelographic features

In appearance, the variety is very similar to the White Burgundy and Chardonnay. Differences in the leaf, stem and grape of Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc and Auxerrois:

  • Leaf - auxerrois

  • Pedunculate Bay - Auxerrois

  • Grapes - auxerrois

  • Leaf - Pinot Blanc

  • Stem book with a V-shaped base and slightly overlapping - Pinot Blanc

  • Grapes - Pinot Blanc

  • Leaf - Chardonnay

  • U- to V-shaped open and bare (bounded on both sides by nerves) stalk bay of Chardonnay

  • Grape - Chardonnay

  • The shoot tip is yellowish-green and lightly woolly hairy.
  • The leaves are medium-sized and round, three-lobed, barely curved, the edge of the leaf sawn. The stem bay is open in a V-shape.
  • The grapes are medium-sized and lightly shouldered, with loose berries with light yellow, thin-skinned berries that are brown in color when fully ripe. The berries may shrink when exposed to intense sunlight. The taste of the berries is fruity and sweet.

Maturity: Early - before Pinot Blanc

Yield

The yield is medium and irregular due to the sensitivity to flowering. The yield level is below the yield of Pinot Blanc and Chardonnay.

Expectations

The demands on the location are medium to high - similar to the White Burgundy .

Advantages and disadvantages

advantages
  • Because of the early ripeness, higher must weights are possible.
disadvantage
  • Because of its thin berry peels, it is very susceptible to berry rot.
  • Has a tendency to trickle the flowers.
  • Sensitive to late frost

Wine

The wines are similar to burgundy, but richer in body and bouquet with low acidity. The wine is also used to blend with other types of Burgundy.

distribution

Leaves and grapes of the Auxerrois grape variety

The spread of the grape variety is associated with the expulsion of the Huguenots - as the Protestants were then called in France - from France from 1685 onwards. It is obvious that the displaced people had the variety in their luggage and planted it in their new settlement areas.

The worldwide distribution of the variety is 2,785 hectares of planted vineyards (2010).

You can find them today on the Luxembourg- German Moselle and in France in Alsace . In France there was a total of 2,330 ha in 2007, in Luxembourg 184 ha. There are also small stands in Switzerland (3.2 hectares, as of 2013).

In Germany, the variety is represented in Baden, on the Upper Moselle and in the Palatinate. In Baden , the variety can be found mainly in the Kraichgau and Lake Constance . There are also tiny stocks in Franconia .

Growing area Area in ha
Germany 236
Rhineland-Palatinate 130
Palatinate
 74
Moselle
 22nd
Rheinhessen
 27
Near
 6th
Baden-Württemberg 77
to bathe
 76
Württemberg
 2
Saarland 17th
Bavaria (Franconia) 2
Hesse 4th
Rheingau
 3
Hessian mountain road
 1
Thuringia (Saale-Unstrut) 5

See also

Synonyms

Aucerot, Aukseroa Blan, Auxera, Auxerois, Auxerrois Bijeli, Auxerrois Blanc, Auxerrois Blanc de Laquenexy, Auxerrois Blanc from Laquenezy, Auxerrois De Laquenexy, Auxerrois Gris, Auxois, Auzerrois Blancexy, Blanc de Laquenexy, Blanc de Laquenezy Gelber Auxerrois, Kleiner Heunisch, Oinot Auxerrois, Okseroa, Pinot Auxerois, Pinot Auxerrois, Riesling Jaune de la Moselle, Weisser Auxerrois.
In the Cahors growing region in southwestern France , the red (!) Malbec grape variety is also known as Auxerrois.

Web links

Commons : Auxerrois Blanc  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Auxerrois  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jancis Robinson , Julia Harding, Josè Vouillamoz: "Wine Grapes", 1st edition 2012, Penguin Books, London, ISBN 978-0-06-220636-7
  2. ^ A b c Jancis Robinson , Julia Harding, Josè Vouillamoz: Wine Grapes , 1st edition 2012, Penguin Books, London, ISBN 978-0-06-220636-7 , p. 67,68
  3. ↑ A single Pair of Parents proposed for a group of Grapevine Varieties in Northeastern France , by JE Bowers, R. Siret and CP Meredith and by P. This and J.-M. Boursiquot
  4. ↑ Auxerrois variety description , ( Memento from August 11, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Hochschule Geisenheim University , Institute for Vine Breeding
  5. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: The 2013 Wine Year (PDF)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.blw.admin.ch
  6. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (2016): Agriculture and Forestry, Fisheries. Agricultural land use - vineyards. Technical series 3 series 3.1.5.
  7. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (2016): Statistical reports - Planted vineyards 2015. Bad Ems, CI - j / 15, reference number: C1073 201500, ISSN  1430-5070 .
  8. ↑ accessed on June 24, 2016 Auxerrois in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English)