Bush carnation

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Bush carnation
Dianthus-seguieri-flower.JPG

Bush carnation ( Dianthus seguieri )

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Caryophylloideae
Tribe : Caryophylleae
Genre : Carnations ( Dianthus )
Type : Bush carnation
Scientific name
Dianthus seguieri
Vill.

The bush carnation ( Dianthus seguieri ) is a species of carnation ( Dianthus ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). The distribution is almost limited to Europe.

description

illustration

The bush carnation grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to, mostly 25 to 60 centimeters. The creeping to ascending and unbranched stems are divided into seven to twelve internodes . The leaves are arranged opposite one another on the stem. The leaf sheath is 3 to 5 mm long. The simple leaf blade is 30 to 60 mm long and 1 to 5 mm wide, narrowly linear-lanceolate.

The flowering period extends from June to September. The flowers stand together individually or in small numbers in a panicle inflorescence, which can also be drawn together head-shaped. There are usually four (two to six) egg-shaped cup shed with borstlicher lace available that are more than half as long as the calyx tube ( Dianthus seguieri subsp. Gautieri and Dianthus seguieri subsp. Glaber ) or about as long as the calyx tube ( Dianthus seguieri subsp . seguieri ). The calyx tube is cylindrical with a length of 14 to 20 mm. The plate of the petals is usually 10 to 14 mm (7 to 17 mm) long, wedge-shaped, serrated in front, light to dark red and without markings or with a horizontal stripe of deep purple dots or at the base with white dots.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30, 45 or 90.

Occurrence

The bush carnation occurs in the low mountain ranges of Western and Central Europe. The distribution area extends from Spain, northern Italy and France to Switzerland, Germany and the Czech Republic as well as the Turkish province of Kars . In Austria it occurs only in Vorarlberg, where it was newly discovered.

The bush carnation thrives on poor lawns, on the edges of forests and bushes, also in light chestnut forests or on poorly fertilized meadows, on moderately fresh, lime-poor loam or sandy loam soils. She loves light. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Violion association, but also occurs in societies of the Trifolion medii association or in lean societies of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea or Festuco-Brometea classes.

Flowering of Bald bush carnation ( Dianthus seguieri subsp. Glaber )

Systematics

The first publication of Dianthus seguieri took place in 1786 by Dominique Villars in Histoire des Plantes de Dauphiné , 1, p. 330. The specific epithet seguieri honors the French botanist Jean-François Séguier .

Of Dianthus seguieri there are at least three ways:

  • Séguier bush carnation ( Dianthus seguieri Vill. Subsp. Seguieri , Syn .: Dianthus seguieri subsp. Italicus Tutin ): Its leaves are 1 to 2 mm wide, but the lateral nerves are much less clear than the median nerve. It occurs particularly in the southern Alps, in south-eastern France, Switzerland and in northern Italy. Their chromosome number is 2n = 90.
  • Gautier-Busch carnation ( Dianthus seguieri subsp. Requienii (Godr.) M. Bernal, M. Lainz & Muñoz Garm. , Syn .: Dianthus seguieri subsp. Gautieri (Sennen) Tutin , Syn .: Dianthus gautieri Sennen , Dianthus neglectus Loisel . ): Their leaves are 1 to 2 mm wide and the lateral nerves are as clear as the median nerve. The outer scales of the chalice are about half as long as the chalice. It occurs only in Andorra and in the eastern Pyrenees of Spain and France. Their chromosome number is 2n = 60.
  • Bald bush carnation ( Dianthus seguieri subsp. Glaber Čelak. , Syn .: Dianthus sylvaticus Hoppe ex Willd. ). This subspecies has leaves 2 to 5 mm wide. It occurs in France, Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic. Their chromosome number is 2n = 60.

natural reserve

This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.

Like all carnation species native to Germany, this species is also protected in Germany by the Federal Species Protection Ordinance. However, since Dianthus seguieri is probably rare everywhere in Europe, it is important to investigate its endangerment more closely in order to contribute to its protection. This happened, for example, for Dianthus seguieri subsp. glaber through a job at the Bavarian State Office for Environmental Protection.

literature

  • Thomas Gaskell Tutin, Stuart Max Walters: Dianthus. In: TG Tutin, NA Burges, AO Chater, JR Edmondson, VH Heywood, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . 2nd, revised edition. Volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge / New York / Melbourne 1993, ISBN 0-521-41007-X , pp. 237 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  • Hans-Christian Friedrich: Dianthus. In: Karl Heinz Rechinger (Hrsg.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd, completely revised edition. Volume III. Part 2: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 1 (Phytolaccaceae - Portulacaceae) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1979, ISBN 3-489-60020-7 , pp. 998–1000 (published in deliveries 1959–1979).
  • Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen (ed.): Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution of Vascular Plants in Europe. 7. Caryophyllaceae (Silenoideae). Akateeminen Kirjakauppa, The Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe & Societas Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki 1986, ISBN 951-9108-06-8 , p. 149.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 369.
  2. ^ A b Dianthus seguieri in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  3. ^ Dianthus seguieri at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ Dianthus seguieri subsp. requienii at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  5. ↑ Gabriela Schneider: Bush carnation (Dianthus seguieri ssp. Glaber). In: Bavarian State Office for the Environment (Ed.): Information sheet on species protection. 2nd Edition. Volume 2, 2009, pp. 1–4 ( PDF file; 0.8 MB).

Web links

Commons : Bush Carnation ( Dianthus seguieri )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files