CD63
| CD63 antigen | ||
|---|---|---|
| other names |
Granulophysin, Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3, LAMP-3, Tspan-30 |
|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 238 amino acids , 25,637 Da | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs | ||
| Orthologue (human) | ||
| Entrez | 967 | |
| Ensemble | ENSG00000135404 | |
| UniProt | P08962 | |
| Refseq (mRNA) | NM_001257389.1 | |
| Refseq (protein) | NP_001244318.1 | |
| PubMed search |
967
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CD63 is a surface protein from the group of tetraspanins .
CD63 is used in medicine as a marker for the activation of basophils (a type of immune cell ) and is used to diagnose an immunoglobulin E -based allergy ( basophil activation test , BAT). It is also used in biochemistry to localize certain membrane structures (the multivesicular bodies ) within cells . In addition, in blood platelets (a type of blood cell ) it serves as a marker for activation and degranulation that have occurred in the course of blood clotting .
A CD63 deficiency is associated with a form of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome .
properties
As tetraspanin, CD63 is a transmembrane protein that spans biomembranes (like cell membranes ) fourfold . CD63 is a cell adhesion molecule and participates in the prevention of apoptosis , in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and in cell adhesion . In the cell, CD63 is located on the cell membrane, in endosome membranes and lysosome membranes . The invagination of the CD63 from the cell membrane occurs via two mechanisms, via clathrin and via caveolae . Outside cells, it occurs in exosomes .
CD63 is produced by melanoma , among other things , but also by blood-forming cells such as blood platelets, basophils and leukocytes . CD63 is glycosylated and palmitoylated . The amount of CD63 on the cell surface of basophils is a representative measure for the release of histamine (the characteristic property of basophils), e.g. B. in the course of an allergic reaction, as well as CD203c .
Interactions
CD63 is the receptor of TIMP1 . It is involved in the activation of integrin beta-1 , which activates Akt , FAK / PTK2 and MAP kinases . CD63 regulates the endocytosis of VEGFR2 and P-selectin . Furthermore, CD63 binds to CD117 and CD82 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c M. S. Pols, J. Klumperman: Trafficking and function of the tetraspanin CD63. In: Experimental cell research. Volume 315, Number 9, May 2009, pp. 1584-1592, doi : 10.1016 / j.yexcr.2008.09.020 , PMID 18930046 .
- ↑ a b Ruby Pawankar: Allergy Frontiers: Diagnosis and Health Economics. Springer Science & Business Media, 2009, ISBN 978-4-431-98349-1 , p. 185.
- ↑ RC Piper, DJ Katzmann: Biogenesis and function of multivesicular bodies. In: Annual review of cell and developmental biology. Volume 23, 2007, pp. 519-547, doi : 10.1146 / annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123319 , PMID 17506697 , PMC 2911632 (free full text).
- ^ Alan D. Michelson: Platelets. Academic Press, 2012, ISBN 978-0-123-87838-0 , p. 180.
- ↑ S. Yu, H. Cao, B. Shen, J. Feng: Tumor-derived exosomes in cancer progression and treatment failure. In: Oncotarget. Volume 6, number 35, November 2015, pp. 37151-37168, doi : 10.18632 / oncotarget.6022 , PMID 26452221 , PMC 4741921 (free full text).
- ^ DG Ebo, MM Hagendorens, CH Bridts, LS De Clerck, WJ Stevens: The basophil activation test in immediate drug allergy. In: Acta clinica Belgica. Volume 64, number 2, 2009 Mar-Apr, pp. 129-135, doi : 10.1179 / acb.2009.022 , PMID 19432025 .
- ↑ N. Anzai, Y. Lee, BS Youn, S. Fukuda, YJ Kim, C. Mantel, M. Akashi, HE Broxmeyer: C-kit associated with the transmembrane 4 superfamily proteins constitutes a functionally distinct subunit in human hematopoietic progenitors. In: Blood. Volume 99, Number 12, June 2002, pp. 4413-4421, PMID 12036870 .
- ↑ C. Hammond, LK Denzin, M. Pan, JM Griffith, HJ Geuze, P. Cresswell: The tetraspan protein CD82 is a resident of MHC class II compartments where it associates with HLA-DR, -DM, and -DO molecules. In: Journal of Immunology. Volume 161, Number 7, October 1998, pp. 3282-3291, PMID 9759843 .