TCDD 46 001-025
| TCDD 46 001-025 | |
|---|---|
 46 025 in the Çamlık Railway Museum (2002)
|
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| Numbering: | 46001-46025 |
| Number: | 25th |
| Manufacturer: |
Henschel , Kassel Krupp , Essen |
| Year of construction (s): | 1927-1935 |
| Retirement: | until 1990 |
| Axis formula : | 2'D h2 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 22,000 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 4000 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 10100 mm |
| Empty mass: | 80.5 t |
| Service mass: | 88.5 t |
| Service mass with tender: | 149.0 t |
| Friction mass: | 66.1 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 16.5 t |
| Top speed: | 80 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 1550 PSi |
| Coupling wheel diameter: | 1650 mm |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1650 mm |
| Impeller diameter front: | 1000 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 630 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 660 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 bar |
| Heating pipe length: | 5000 mm |
| Grate area: | 3.03 m² |
| Radiant heating surface: | 16.5 m² |
| Superheater area : | 68.25 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 180.5 m² |
| Tender: | 2'2 'T27 |
| Service weight of the tender: | 60.5 t |
| Water supply: | 27 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 8 tons of coal |
| Coupling type: | Screw coupling |
The Tender locomotives of the series 46001 (also known as 46001 ) represented by the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) were among the first new acquisitions for the Turkish railways after the founding of the Republic in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk . They were designed as locomotives for passenger trains, but were also intended for express train service. The TCDD used them to haul the Taurus Express until it procured faster locomotives of the TCDD 46 051-061 series .
history
After the founding of the republic, the Turkish state gradually took over the lines, which had previously been operated by various private companies, into its own ownership and operation. First of all, the Anatolian Railway (CFOA) and the sections of the Baghdad Railway connected to the CFOA were taken over in 1924 , from which today's TCDD was formed in 1927. The Baghdad Railway in Germany ordered the first series of new tender locomotives for passenger and express train service with the 2'D wheel arrangement from Henschel . In 1927, Henschel delivered ten copies that were still ordered with the CFOA company numbers 551 to 560, but had already been put into operation with the new TCDD company numbers 46001 to 46010. They took over the express train traffic between Istanbul and the new capital Ankara as well as the Taurus-Express and their efficiency ensured a significant acceleration. The travel time between the two most important Turkish cities was reduced from 14 to 11 hours. From 1932 to 1935 another 15 machines followed, nine from Henschel and six from Krupp.
From 1937, the locomotives had their first competition from the Mikados of the 46 051-061 series, which were procured by the TCDD that year . Thanks to their higher permissible speed of 100 km / h, these locomotives displaced the 46 001-025 from the most important services. Nevertheless, they continued to be used before express trains in the TCDD network, which was growing rapidly at the time. Only with the increasing use of diesel locomotives in the 1960s were the locomotives gradually used in less important traffic. Until the mid-1970s they hauled express trains between Istanbul Haydarpaşa Station and Adapazarı . In the following years they gradually migrated to freight train services and other subordinate assignments. In 1986 three machines were still in service and used as shunting locomotives , two in Çerkezköy and one in Mersin , others were parked. TCDD's steam operation officially ended that year, but individual locomotives were still in use until around 1990.
technical features
The locomotives of the 46001 series were often referred to as the "extended Prussian P 8 " because they look like a P 8 extended by a coupling axle and also have many other features of locomotives of the Prussian State Railways . However, Henschel also used other Prussian locomotive types for the design. The boiler was taken over in an extended form from the G 10 , in which it was derived from the P 8. It received a steam and regulator dome as well as two sandboxes. From 1933 the TCDD 57 001-027 were also equipped with this boiler developed for the 46001. The steam cylinders as well as the crosshead and slideways also come from the G 10 . The coupling wheels including bearings and suspension springs as well as the front bogie were taken over from the T 18 . With their driving wheel diameter of 1,650 millimeters, they can be classified as mountain express train locomotives. Due to the intended area of use on the steeply inclined Anatolian routes, it was equipped with a Riggenbach counter pressure brake . In addition, the locomotives were given feed water - heater .
The first series, delivered in 1927, is outwardly different from the locomotives of the second series from 1932 onwards. The latter were fitted with large smoke deflectors and slightly higher circulating sheets around the boiler. In addition, a dome and a sandpit were combined on the top of the boiler under a common panel.
Preserved locomotives
So far, three copies have been preserved, two in the Çamlık Railway Museum near Izmir and one in Halkalı near Istanbul.
literature
- Benno Bickel, Karl-Wilhelm Koch, Florian Schmidt: Steam under the half moon. The last few years of steam operation in Turkey. Verlag Röhr, Krefeld 1987, ISBN 3-88490-183-4 .
- Benno Bickel: The Turkish Railways and their Steam Locomotives , Verlag Röhr, Krefeld 1976
- AE Durrant: The Steam Locomotives of Eastern Europe. David & Charles, Newton Abbot 1972, ISBN 0-7153-4077-8 , pp. 85 f.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ RAILHOO Report: steam locomotives in Turkey , called on October 5, 2015
- ^ Benno Bickel, Karl-Wilhelm Koch, Florian Schmidt: Steam under the half moon. The last few years of steam operation in Turkey. Krefeld 1987, p. 93
- ↑ List of preserved Turkish steam locomotives (English) , accessed on October 3, 2015