Cabernet Franc
| Cabernet Franc | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | see section synonyms |
|
|
| Art | Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera ) |
| Berry color | bluish black |
| use | |
| origin | France, Bordelais |
| VIVC no. | 1927 |
| List of grape varieties | |
The Cabernet Franc (abbreviation Cf ), also Cabernet franc or Cabernet Frank , is a red wine variety . It is not as widespread as the better-known Cabernet Sauvignon , but more frugal in terms of climatic requirements. It is one of the six grape varieties that can be used for red wines in Bordeaux (the other varieties are Cabernet Sauvignon, Carménère , Malbec , Merlot and Petit Verdot ). Cabernet Franc is a blending wine, especially in France and Italy (here Cabernet Frank ). Compared to Cabernet Sauvignon, the tannin content is lower, the wines have a significantly lower astringency and are therefore drinkable younger.
ancestry
Presumably selected from wild vines, verifiably at home in the Bordelais for centuries.
In 1997, John E. Bowers and Carole P. Meredith from the University of California, Davis published a study in which DNA analysis showed a relationship between Cabernet Sauvignon and the varieties Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc with a high degree of probability .
In 2009, the direct relationship to Merlot was confirmed. The almost extinct grape variety Magdeleine Noire des Charentes and the Cabernet Franc variety are the parents of Merlot. The evaluation of the results also showed that the well-known Carménère grape variety is a natural cross between the Gros Cabernet and Cabernet Franc varieties . The old Gros Cabernet variety, for its part, was created by crossing the Fer Servadou and Txakoli varieties .
Ampelographic varietal characteristics
- The shoot tip is open. It is very hairy, whitish and has a carmine tinge. The young leaves are woolly hairy and slightly reddish spotted (anthocyanin spots)
- The medium-sized, light green leaves are five-lobed and deeply indented. The stem bay is lyren-shaped open. The blade is bluntly serrated. The teeth are very tight compared to the grape varieties. The leaf surface is shiny. In autumn the leaves only redden slightly, mainly in the area of the leaf tips.
- The mostly conical to cylindrical grape is sometimes shouldered, small and loose berries. The round berries are small and bluish-black in color. The peel of the berry is extremely thin but firm.
Ripeness: very late - mid to late October (earlier than Cabernet Sauvignon - ripening problems in later years and locations)
Expectations
Does not make any special demands on the soil (medium-heavy); Locations at risk of frost are not suitable; is only suitable for very good locations.
properties
The Cabernet Franc has an upright and very vigorous growth. The grape variety sprouts medium-late and therefore usually escapes the spring frosts. The grape variety is very susceptible to the vine diseases real powdery mildew ( Oidium ), downy mildew , gray mold rot and eutypiosis .
Yield
The yields are medium and regular.
Wine
The wines are less powerful, lighter, with less bouquet and body than Cabernet Sauvignon. The wine is often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon.
The Cabernet Franc is cultivated as a single variety on the Loire , for example in the Chinon wine-growing region . The monovarietal Cabernet Franc is also gaining a foothold in Hungary. It is mainly produced in the area around Villány / Szekszárd, but also in Eger and Balatonfüred / Csopak. The vine is also popular overseas. Especially with wines from Eastern Europe , but also overseas, one often only finds the name Cabernet in the labeling . It is mostly Cabernet Franc.
distribution
| country | Vineyards ha |
|---|---|
| France | 36,302 |
| Italy | 6.314 |
| United States | 2,215 |
| Hungary | 1,352 |
| Chile | 1,321 |
| South Africa | 934 |
| Spain | 849 |
| Canada | 664 |
| Argentina | 626 |
| Australia | 591 |
| China | 507 |
| Uruguay | 334 |
| Brazil | 229 |
| Cyprus | 203 |
| New Zealand | 163 |
| Croatia | 95 |
| Austria | 74 |
| Romania | 73 |
| Kazakhstan | 56 |
| Switzerland | 54 |
| Portugal | 24 |
| Greece | 23 |
| Turkey | 23 |
| Russia | 20th |
| Germany | 16 |
| United Kingdom | 1 |
| World acreage | 53,042 |
France
In the Bordeaux area in particular , the Cabernet Franc plays a prominent role in parts, despite its mostly small share of the cultivated area; At a number of large wineries, the spicy Cabernet Franc is only found in the cuvées when it has matured sufficiently, prominent examples of this are Château Mouton-Rothschild and Château Pétrus . The cuvées with shares of Cabernet Franc mark the great years. In “smaller” years, the Cabernet Franc harvested parts of these goods are deselected and not added to the “Great Wine”. For the Château Cheval Blanc, on the other hand, Cabernet Franc is unusually used at around 60%.
Other countries
See also the article
- Viticulture in France
- Viticulture in Italy
- Viticulture in the United States (in California alone 1,457 hectares, as of 2007)
- Viticulture in Australia
- Viticulture in New Zealand
- Viticulture in Chile
- Viticulture in Switzerland
Synonyms
93 Synonyms: Acheria, Ardounet, Aroia, Arrouya, Auxquels, Baro, Beron, Bidure, Blauer Carmenet, Bordeaux, Bordo, Bordo Magher, Boubet, Bouchet, Bouchet Franc, Bouchet Saint-Emilion, Bouchy, Breton, Burdeas Tinto, Caberne, Cabernet, Cabernet Aunis, Cabernet Bresciano, Cabernet d'Aunis, Cabernet Franc Blauer, Cabernet Franc Crni, Cabernet Franc Nero, Cabernet Franc Noir, Cabernet Francese, Cabernet Franco, Cabernet Frank, Cabernet Gris, Cabonet, Cabrunet, Capbreton, Capbreton Rouge, Carbani, Carbenet, Carbonet, Carbouet, Carmene, Carmenet, Carmenet Blanc, Carmenet Grand, Carne Fran, Couahort, Crouchen Negre, Crouchen Noir, Fer Servadou, Fer Servandou, Gamput, Grande Voidure, Gro Kaberne, Gro Vidyur, Gro Vidyuz, Gros Bouchet, Gros Bouschet, Gros Caberne, Gros Cabernet, Gros Vidure, Gros Vidyuz, Grosse Vidure, Hartling, Kaberne, Kaberne Fran, Kaberne Frank, Kabernet, Kabernet Frank Breton, Karbinet, Karmene, Messanges, Messanges Rouge, Morenoa Veron Bouchy, Noir Major, Petit Fer, Petit Viodu re, Petite Vidure, Petite Vigne Dure, Plant Breton, Plant de l'Abbe Breton, Plant des Sables, Qro Kaberne, Qro Vidyuz, Sable Rouge, Trouchet, Trouchet Noir, Tsapournako, Verdejilla Tinto, Veron, Veron Bouchy, Veronais, Vidure , Vuidure .
Web links
- Cabernet Franc on the website of the ÖWM
- Cabernet Franc in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Vine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English)
literature
- Hans Ambrosi , Bernd HE Hill, Erika Maul, First H. Rühl, Joachim Schmid, Fritz Schuhmann: Color Atlas of Grape Varieties. 3. Edition. Eugen Ulmer, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5957-4 .
- Karl Bauer, Ferdinand Regner , Barbara Schildberger: Weinbau , avBuch im Cadmos Verlag, Vienna, 9th edition 2013, ISBN 978-3-7040-2284-4 .
- Ferdinand Regner : Directory of Austrian quality wine varieties and their clones , 2008, LFZ Klosterneuburg
- Jancis Robinson : The Oxford Wine Lexicon . 3rd revised edition. Gräfe and Unzer Verlag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-8338-0691-9 .
- Pierre Galet : Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages . 1st edition. Hachette Livre, 2000, ISBN 2-01-236331-8 .
- Guy Lavignac: Histoire des cépages du Sud-Ouest . Editions du Rouergue, 2001, ISBN 2-84156-289-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ John E. Bowers, Carole P. Meredith: The parentage of a classic wine grape, Cabernet Sauvignon. In: Nature. ( Summary )
- ↑ JM. Boursiquot, T. Lacombe, V. Laucou, S. Julliard, FX. Perrin, N. Lanier, D. Legrand and C. Meredith: Parentage of Merlot and related winegrape cultivars of southwestern France: discovery of the missing link. (PDF; 44 kB) (No longer available online.) In: Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 15. 2009, pp. 144–155 , archived from the original on June 10, 2010 ; accessed on April 13, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Merlot, la découverte du chaînon manquant ( Memento of the original from January 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French)
- ↑ Histoire de l'Atlantique encepagement Pyreneo. In: MonAOC.com. Union Girondine, October 26, 2009, accessed April 13, 2015 .
- ↑ K. Anderson, NR Aryal: Database of Regional, National and Global Winegrape Bearing Areas by Variety, 2000 and 2010, Wine Economics Research Center, University of Adelaide, December 2013 (first revision April 2014) (second revision May 2014) (third revision July 2014).
- ↑ California Grape acreage 2007 Crop ( Memento of the original from October 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , from the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, April 2008 (PDF)
- ↑ Cabernet Franc in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English), August 11, 2020
