Californium (III) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ Cf 3+ __ Cl -
Crystal system	hexagonal
Space group	P 6 3 / m (No. 176)
Lattice parameters	a = 738 pm; c = 409 pm
Coordination numbers	Cf [9], Cl [3]
General
Surname	Californium (III) chloride
other names	Californium trichloride
Ratio formula	CfCl 3
Brief description	green hexagonal crystals
External identifiers / databases
Wikidata	Q1026968
properties
Molar mass	357.438 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	5.88 g cm −3
Melting point	545 ° C
Hazard and safety information
	; Radioactive
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
GHS hazard labeling ; no classification available
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Californium (III) chloride is a chloride of the artificial element and actinoid californium with the molecular formula CfCl ₃ . Californium occurs in this salt in the +3 oxidation state.

properties

Californium (III) chloride is a green solid and forms two crystalline modifications:

The hexagonal form ( UCl ₃ type ) with: a = 737.9 ± 0.1 pm and c = 409.0 ± 0.5 pm. The coordination polyhedron is a triple-capped, trigonal prism with two formula units per unit cell , the Cf atom being coordinated 9 times, with six Cl atoms at a distance of 281.5 ± 0.3 pm and three Cl atoms from 292.4 ± 0.4 pm.

The orthorhombic form ( PuBr ₃ type ) with: a = 386.9 ± 0.2 pm, b = 1174.8 ± 0.7 pm and c = 856.1 ± 0.4 pm. The coordination number is 8 with two Cf – Cl distances of 269.0 ± 0.7 pm, four with 280.6 ± 0.4 pm and two with 294.0 ± 0.6 pm. An ionic radius of 93.2 ± 0.3 pm for the 6-fold coordinated Cf ³⁺ ion was derived from this.

safety instructions

Classifications according to the CLP regulation are not available because they only include chemical hazard and play a completely subordinate role compared to the hazards based on radioactivity . The latter also only applies if the amount of substance involved is relevant.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Californium (III) chloride at www.webelements.com.
^ AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 1969.
↑ The hazards emanating from radioactivity do not belong to the properties to be classified according to the GHS labeling. With regard to other hazards, this substance has either not yet been classified or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
^ JH Burns, JR Peterson, RD Baybarz: Hexagonal and Orthorhombic Crystal Structures of Californium Trichloride , in: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , 1973 , 35 (4), pp. 1171-1177 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0022-1902 (73) 80189-7 ).
↑ JR Peterson, JP Young, DD Ensor, RG Haire: Absorption Spectrophotometric and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Trichlorides of Berkelium-249 and Californium-249 , in: Inorg. Chem. , 1986 , 25 (21), pp. 3779-3782 ( doi: 10.1021 / ic00241a015 ).
↑ SE Nave, JR Moore, JR Peterson, RG Haire: Magnetic Susceptibility of CfCl ₃ and its Dependence on Crystal Structure , in: Journal of the Less Common Metals , 1987 , 127 , pp. 79-85 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0022- 5088 (87) 90361-4 ).
^ JL Green, BB Cunningham: Crystallography of the Compounds of Californium. I. Crystal Structure and Lattice Parameters of Californium Sesquioxide and Californium Trichloride , in: Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett. , 1967 , 3 (9), pp. 343-349 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0020-1650 (67) 80040-0 ).

literature

Richard G. Haire: Californium , in: Lester R. Morss, Norman M. Edelstein, Jean Fuger (Eds.): The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements , Springer, Dordrecht 2006; ISBN 1-4020-3555-1 , pp. 1499-1576 ( doi: 10.1007 / 1-4020-3598-5_11 ).

[webelements-1] Californium (III) chloride at www.webelements.com.

[HOWI_1969-2] AF Holleman , E. Wiberg , N. Wiberg : Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry . 102nd edition. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1 , p. 1969.

[NV-3] The hazards emanating from radioactivity do not belong to the properties to be classified according to the GHS labeling. With regard to other hazards, this substance has either not yet been classified or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.

[4] JH Burns, JR Peterson, RD Baybarz: Hexagonal and Orthorhombic Crystal Structures of Californium Trichloride , in: J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , 1973 , 35 (4), pp. 1171-1177 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0022-1902 (73) 80189-7 ).

[5] JR Peterson, JP Young, DD Ensor, RG Haire: Absorption Spectrophotometric and X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Trichlorides of Berkelium-249 and Californium-249 , in: Inorg. Chem. , 1986 , 25 (21), pp. 3779-3782 ( doi: 10.1021 / ic00241a015 ).

[6] SE Nave, JR Moore, JR Peterson, RG Haire: Magnetic Susceptibility of CfCl ₃ and its Dependence on Crystal Structure , in: Journal of the Less Common Metals , 1987 , 127 , pp. 79-85 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0022- 5088 (87) 90361-4 ).

[CF_OX_CL_1967-7] JL Green, BB Cunningham: Crystallography of the Compounds of Californium. I. Crystal Structure and Lattice Parameters of Californium Sesquioxide and Californium Trichloride , in: Inorg. Nucl. Chem. Lett. , 1967 , 3 (9), pp. 343-349 ( doi: 10.1016 / 0020-1650 (67) 80040-0 ).