Camill Montfort

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Camill Montfort (born February 9, 1890 in Zell im Wiesental , † September 19, 1956 in Jugenheim / Bergstrasse ) was a German botanist .

Live and act

Montfort comes from a Huguenot family; he attended schools in Zell and Lörrach , where he passed the final exams in 1909 . At the universities of Munich and Bonn he first studied chemistry and geology , later biology . From 1914 to 1923 he was an assistant at the Botanical Institute of the University of Bonn (interrupted from military service 1914 to 1916). In 1918 he received his doctorate under Hans Fitting in Bonn on the xeromorphism of raised bog plants as a prerequisite for the "physiological dryness" of raised bogs . In 1920 he completed his habilitation in Bonn. In 1923 he moved to the University of Halle , where he was appointed personal professor . In 1925 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1926 he turned down a call to the Eberswalde Forest Academy . In 1934 he became a member of the National Socialist Teachers' Association , later of the National Socialist German Lecturer Association ; In 1937 he joined the NSDAP .

On the instructions of the Americans, Montfort was forcibly evacuated on June 23, 1945 with the Abderhalden transport from Halle to southern Hesse. In 1945/46 he took the chair for botany at the Technical University of Darmstadt . In August 1946 he became acting director of the Botanical Institute of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main and director of the Botanical Garden ; In 1949 he was appointed full professor in Frankfurt; since 1954, due to illness, he could hardly carry out his teaching and administrative duties.

Montfort first worked on the physiological adaptation in moors, then on halophytes , since 1929 mainly with seaweed and examined their ecology and physiology . He tried to bring physiology and ecology together. His research often focused on the relationship between living space and biological organization plan. In doing so, he decided to prefer the genotype to the influence of environmental factors. He also performed with his wife Gerda, geb. Zöllner, basic principles in photosynthesis research . During the Second World War he worked on various (unpublished) orders from the Reich Research Council , mainly on the growth of fiber plants .

literature

  • Karl Egle , Günter Rosenstock: The history of botany in Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt a. M. 1966
  • Rafael Ball and Aloysius Wild: Camill Montfort and his work in the field of tension between ecology and physiology. Palmarum Hortus Frankfortensis 4 (1994)
  • Rafael Ball, Aloysius Wild: Against one-sidedness: the botanist Camill Montfort (1890–1956) and his work . Sudhoffs Archiv Vol. 80, H. 1 (1996), pp. 68-77.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Journal of Botany 10 : 257–352.
  2. ↑ Physiological foundation of a guttation method for the relative testing of water absorption. Yearbook of Scientific Botany 59 : 468-512
  3. ↑ Member entry of Camill Montfort at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 18, 2018.
  4. ↑ After the end of the Nazi dictatorship, he was clearly classified as a “fellow traveler” at Frankfurt University. Nevertheless, the responsible US authorities initially refused to hire him. See Notker Hammerstein The Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt / Main. Vol. 1: From the foundation university to the state university. 1914-1950. Neuwied and Frankfurt am Main, 1989, p. 825
  5. ↑ Rafael Ball and Aloysius Wild: Against the one-sidedness: The botanist Camill Montfort (1890-1956) and his work. Sudhoffs Archiv 80 (1) (1996): 68-77
personal data
SURNAME Montfort, Camill
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 9, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Zell im Wiesental
DATE OF DEATH September 19, 1956
Place of death Jugenheim / Bergstrasse