Catovirus

"Catovirus"
Systematics
Classification : Viruses Area : Varidnaviria Empire : Bamfordvirae Phylum : Nucleocytoviricota Class : Megaviricetes Order : Impersonal Family : Mimiviridae Subfamily : " Klosneuvirinae " ? Genre : Catovirus Type : Catovirus CTV1
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA Baltimore : Group 1
Scientific name
'Catovirus'
Short name
CatV / CTV
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 1977635

" Catovirus " ( CatV , also CTV ) is a proposed genus of giant viruses in the phylum Nucleocytoviricota (formerly Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses , NCLDV) from the family of Mimiviridae with only one known species, " Catovirus CTV1 ".

Like all these giant viruses, they have a genome made up of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The genus was found in the analysis of metagenome samples from bottom sediments of deposits in the sewage treatment plant in Klosterneuburg near Vienna, Austria. Together with “ Hokovirus ”, Schulz et al. In 2017, three more virus genera identified, " Klosneuvirus ", " Hokovirus " and " Indivirus ", which are collectively referred to as Klosneuviruses (proposed subfamily " Klosneuvirinae ").

The metagenomic analysis of ribosomal 18S rRNA showed that their hosts are (at least) close to simple Cercozoa .

Genome

" Catovirus " has a large genome of 1,532,259 base pairs (bp) and is predicted to encode 1,427 proteins in 1,176 gene families. This is the second largest genome among the named Klosneuviruses after " Klosneuvirus " (1.57 million base pairs, 1,272 gene families). The GC content is 26.4%.

Systematics

As of April 2020, " Catovirus " is not yet registered by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ( Master Species List # 35). The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) sees the genus " Catovirus " with the species " Catovirus CTV1 " in the family of the Mimiviridae .

While the affiliation of all four virus genera found in Klosterneuburg to the Mimiviridae is undisputed, the exact topology of the relationships within this family is currently still being discussed. Usually, as in Schulz et al. (2017) placed in a proposed subfamily " Klosneuvirinae ".

Some authors (CNS 2018) see the toilet new viruses including " Bodo-saltans-Virus " (BsV) in close relation to the Cafeteria-roenbergensis-Virus (CroV) and summarize them in a provisional subfamily called " Aquavirinae ". Another suggestion is to put all of them together with the mimiviruses (with mimivirus and “ megavirus ”) in a larger subfamily “ Megavirinae ”.

While the NCBI sees the “ Bodo saltans virus ” (BsV) as a species in the genus “ Klosneuvirus ”, Disa Bäckström et al. (2019), Fig. 3, a system of toilet new viruses with the " Catovirus " as the closest relative of BsV among the four original toilet new viruses. Cladograms for the internal systematics of the toilet new viruses can be found under Klos new virus §Systematics .

Web links

• Mitch Leslie: Giant viruses found in Austrian sewage fuel debate over potential fourth domain of life . In: Science , April 5, 2017, doi: 10.1126 / science.aal1005 .
• Find in wastewater - researchers discover four new giant viruses . Spiegel Online , April 7, 2017
• Alexandra Zinoviev, Kazushige Kuroha, Tatyana V. Pestova, Christopher UT Hellen: Two classes of EF1-family translational GTPases encoded by giant viruses , in: Nucleic Acids Research 47 (11), pp. 5761-5776, June 2019, doi: 10.1093 / nar / gkz296 , PMC 6582330 (free full text), PMID 31216040 ( Hirudovirus , Catovirus and Moumouvirus )
• Christoph M. Deeg, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Curtis A. Suttle: The kinetoplastid-infecting Bodo saltans virus (BsV), a window into the most abundant giant viruses in the sea , in: eLife November 6, 2017, doi: 10.7554 / elife.33014 , bioRxiv : 10.1101 / 214536v1 ( preprint full text)
• Yanze Li, Pascal Hingamp, Hiroyasu Watai, Hisashi Endo, Takashi Yoshida, Hiroyuki Ogata: Degenerate PCR Primers to Reveal the Diversity of Giant Viruses in Coastal Waters , in: Viruses 10 (9), September 2018, 496, doi: 10.3390 / v10090496

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)
2. ↑ ^{a b} Catovirus (genus). NCBI ; accessed on August 2, 2019
3. ↑ Cativirus CTV1 (Species). NCBI; accessed on August 20, 2019
4. ↑ Taxonomy - Catovirus (GENUS) . Uniprot
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Frederik Schulz, Natalya Yutin, Natalia N. Ivanova, Davi R. Ortega, Tae Kwon Lee, Julia Vierheilig, Holger Daims, Matthias Horn, Michael Wagner: Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components . In: Science . 356, No. 6333, April 7, 2017, ISSN  0036-8075 , pp. 82-85. doi : 10.1126 / science.aal4657 .
6. ↑ David M. Needham, Alexandra Z. Worden et al .: A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators . In: PNAS, 23 September 2019, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1907517116 , ISSN  0027-8424 , here: Supplement 1 (xlsx)
7. ↑ List of the main “giant” viruses known as of today . (PDF) Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNS), Université Aix Marseille, April 18, 2018
8. ↑ CM Deeg, ECT Chow, CA Suttle: The kinetoplastid-infecting Bodo saltans virus (BsV), a window into the most abundant giant viruses in the sea . In: eLife . 7, 2018, p. E33014. doi : 10.7554 / eLife.33014 .
9. ↑ NCBI : Bodo saltans virus (species), date of access: August 2, 2019
10. ↑ Disa Bäckström, Natalya Yutin, Steffen L. Jørgensen, Jennah Dharamshi, Felix Homa, Katarzyna Zaremba-Niedwiedzka, Anja Spang, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Thijs J. G. Ettema; Richard P. Novick (Ed.): Virus Genomes from Deep Sea Sediments Expand the Ocean Megavirome and Support Independent Origins of Viral Gigantism , in: mBio Vol. 10 No. 2 2019, doi: 10.1128 / mBio.02497-18