Indivirus

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"Indivirus"
Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Varidnaviria
Empire : Bamfordvirae
Phylum : Nucleocytoviricota
Class : Megaviricetes
Order : Impersonal
Family : Mimiviridae
Subfamily : " Klosneuvirinae " ?
Genre : "Indivirus"
Type : "Indivirus ILV1"
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : dsDNA
Baltimore : Group 1
Scientific name
"Indivirus"
Short name
IndV / ILV
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 1977632

" Indivirus " ( IndV , also ILV ) is a proposed genus of giant viruses in the phylum Nucleocytoviricota (formerly Nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses , NCLDV ), family Mimiviridae with only one species, " Indivirus ILV1 ". Like all these giant viruses, they have a genome made up of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The genus was found in the analysis of metagenome samples from bottom sediments of deposits in the sewage treatment plant in Klosterneuburg near Vienna, Austria. Together with “ Indivirus ”, Schulz et al. In 2017, three further virus genera were identified, " Klosneuvirus ", " Catovirus " and " Hokovirus ", all of which are referred to as Klosneuviruses (proposed subfamily " Klosneuvirinae ").

Genome

“ Indivirus ” has a genome of 861,511 base pairs (bp) and is predicted to encode 744 proteins (out of 660 gene families), which is the smallest genome among the aforementioned toilet viruses. The GC content is a low 26.6%.

Hosts

The metagenomic analysis of the ribosomal 18S rRNA further showed that their hosts are (at least) close to simple Cercozoa .

Systematics

As of April 2020, " Indivirus " is not yet registered by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (Master Species List # 35). The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) sees the genus Indivirus with the species " Indivirus ILV1 " in the family of Mimiviridae .

While the affiliation of all four virus genera found in Klosterneuburg to the Mimiviridae is undisputed, the exact topology of the relationships within this family is currently still being discussed. Usually, as in Schulz et al. (2017) placed in a proposed subfamily " Klosneuvirinae ".

Some authors (CNS 2018) consider the toilet new viruses to be closely related to the Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV) and the “ Bodo saltans virus ” (BsV) and summarize them in a temporary subfamily called “ Aquavirinae ”. Another suggestion is to put all of them together with the mimiviruses (with the actual mimivirus APMV and “ Megavirus ”) in a larger subfamily “ Megavirinae ”.

While the NCBI sees the “ Bodo saltans virus ” (BsV) as a separate species in the genus “ Klosneuvirus ”, Disa Bäckström et al. (2019), Fig. 3, a system of toilet new viruses with the " Catovirus " as the closest relative of BsV among the four original toilet new viruses. Cladograms for the internal systematics of the toilet new viruses can be found under Klos new virus §Systematics .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f ICTV: ICTV Master Species List 2019.v1 , New MSL including all taxa updates since the 2018b release, March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  2. ↑ a b NCBI : Indivirus (genus), date of access: August 20, 2019
  3. ↑ NCBI: Indivirus ILV1 (Species), accessed August 20, 2019
  4. ↑ a b c d Frederik Schulz, Natalya Yutin, Natalia N. Ivanova, Davi R. Ortega, Tae Kwon Lee, Julia Vierheilig, Holger Daims, Matthias Horn, Michael Wagner: Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components . In: Science . 356, No. 6333, April 7, 2017, ISSN  0036-8075 , pp. 82-85. doi : 10.1126 / science.aal4657 .
  5. ↑ David M. Needham, Alexandra Z. Worden et al .: A distinct lineage of giant viruses brings a rhodopsin photosystem to unicellular marine predators , in: PNAS, 23 September 2019, doi: 10.1073 / pnas.1907517116 , ISSN 0027-8424 , here: Supplement 1 (xlsx)
  6. ↑ ICTV : Master Species List 2018b.v2 . Retrieved August 2, 2019.
  7. ↑ Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNS): List of the main “giant” viruses known as of today , Université Aix Marseille, April 18, 2018
  8. ↑ CM Deeg, ECT Chow, CA Suttle: The kinetoplastid-infecting Bodo saltans virus (BsV), a window into the most abundant giant viruses in the sea . In: eLife . 7, 2018, p. E33014. doi : 10.7554 / eLife.33014 .
  9. ↑ NCBI : Bodo saltans virus (species), date of access: August 2, 2019
  10. ↑ Disa Bäckström, Natalya Yutin, Steffen L. Jørgensen, Jennah Dharamshi, Felix Homa, Katarzyna Zaremba-Niedwiedzka, Anja Spang, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Thijs JG Ettema; Richard P. Novick (Ed.): Virus Genomes from Deep Sea Sediments Expand the Ocean Megavirome and Support Independent Origins of Viral Gigantism , in: mBio Vol. 10 No. 2 2019, doi: 10.1128 / mBio.02497-18

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