Catualium

Catualium
limes	Lower Germanic Limes
section	Meuse line
place	Heel
Geographical location	51 ° 10 '38.5 " N , 5 ° 53' 50.8" E
height	29 m NAP
Previous	Blariacum (north)
Subsequently	Feresne (south)

Catualium is the name of a Roman settlement with a military presence in the area of Heel , a village in the municipality of Maasgouw in the Dutch province of Limburg . Possibly it was a military camp or the vicus belonging to one .

Etymology, sources and location

Catualium is the keltisierte form of a Germanic place name consisting of the word components haþu- (struggle) and walla- (efficient). The Germanic name has changed over the centuries from Catualium to Hathualium, Hethelium, Hethele and Hedele to Heel.

Catualium on the Tabula Peutingeriana

Catualium can be found on the Tabula Peutingeriana , originally from the third century . The Tabula Peutingeriana shows the situation in the early third century CE, when there was a road link that led from Noviomagus Batavorum , the capital of the Batavian Civitas , to Aduatuca Tungrorum , the capital of the Tungerer Civitas . This road followed the course of the Meuse . Catualium was one of the stops along this road, at a distance of 14 Leugen (around 31 km) from Blariacum ( Venlo - Blerick ) and 16 Leugen (around 35 km) from Feresne ( Dilsen ).

A bronze inscription plaque that was found during the excavations of the Villa Valkenburg- Ravensbosch, also known as Villa Valkenburg-Vogelenzang (Province of Limburg), mentions the aedile Titus Tertinius from Colonia Ulpia Traiana as the patron of Pagus Catual ... from this it is concluded that the pagus Catual ... belonged to the Civitas of the Cugernians , whose capital was the Colonia Ulpia Traiana. The inhabitants of the pagus belonged to the circle of clients of Titus Tertinius . The place Catualium of the Peutinger map is equated with this Catual ... as the main place of the pagus Catual ...

Catualium was founded in a transition zone from the river valley to higher lying, fertile soils. The landscape was characterized by sandy soils that alternated with swampy moors. In today's settlement image, the place is in the area around the Stefanuskerk and on the grounds of the Stichting St. Anna (St. Anna Foundation, Panheelderweg 3). A burial ground was discovered west of it, between Panheelderweg and Heerbaan .

Research history and archaeological findings

The oldest known mention of Roman finds in Heel goes back to 1640. That year, the Liège herald Van den Berch mentioned the white marble statue of a woman near the cemetery, which was still partially sticking out of the ground. The same statue was mentioned again in 1719. The archaeological research in Heel began with the investigations of the pastor and archivist Jozef Habets, published in 1881. Habets mentions a brisk trade in Roman coins, which were plowed or dug out of the ground by farmers and sold to amateur numismatists. He also reports on Roman masonry that was discovered during the excavation of graves on the cemetery grounds, as well as two Roman stones, one of which could possibly have been part of a Jupiter giant column. In the course of the 20th century, the indications of a larger Roman settlement increased through repeated individual finds. This development reached its peak for the time being with the discovery of a burial ground during investigations in 2010. The finds from Catualium can be dated to the first to fourth centuries, with a frequency focus in the period between 200 and 400.

literature

Hub Beurskens and Piet Derks: Rond De Toren. Uit de geschiedenis van Heel, van Catualium. St. Stephanus , Heel 1990.
Martijn Bink: Heel, Heerbaan. Een proefsleuf en een opgraving ter hoogte van zorgwoningen 8 tm 10 van huize St. Joseph, stichting Daelzicht. BAAC report A-08.0249, 's-Hertogenbosch / Deventer 2010, ISSN 1873-9350 , ( digitized version ).

Web links

Catualium en Mederiacum. Romeinen nabij Roermond on the website romeinen.info (Dutch), accessed on December 4, 2018

Individual evidence

^ Günter Neumann: Name studies on Old Germanic . In: Heinrich Hettrich and Astrid van Nahl (eds.): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde , supplementary volume 59, De Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-021044-6 , pp. 217f.
↑ Piet Tummers LM: Romaans Limburgse aardrijkskundige name . Van Gorkum, Prakke & Prakke, Assen 1962, pp. 13 and 18f., ( Digitized ).
↑ Tab. Peut. Segment II, 2
↑ Nico Roymans and Tom Derks: Villa Landscapes in the Roman North. Economy, Culture and Lifestyles . Amsterdam University Press, 2011, pp. 134-137.
^ Jozef Habets: Over de ligging of the post-station op de Romeinsche heerbaan van Tongeren naar Nijmegen . Amsterdam 1881.
↑ Martijn Bink: Heel, Heerbaan. Een proefsleuf en een opgraving ter hoogte van zorgwoningen 8 tm 10 van huize St. Joseph, stichting Daelzicht. BAAC report A-08.0249, 's-Hertogenbosch / Deventer 2010, p. 8 ISSN 1873-9350 , ( digitized version ).

[1] Günter Neumann: Name studies on Old Germanic . In: Heinrich Hettrich and Astrid van Nahl (eds.): Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde , supplementary volume 59, De Gruyter, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-11-021044-6 , pp. 217f.

[2] Piet Tummers LM: Romaans Limburgse aardrijkskundige name . Van Gorkum, Prakke & Prakke, Assen 1962, pp. 13 and 18f., ( Digitized ).

[3] Tab. Peut. Segment II, 2

[4] Nico Roymans and Tom Derks: Villa Landscapes in the Roman North. Economy, Culture and Lifestyles . Amsterdam University Press, 2011, pp. 134-137.

[5] Jozef Habets: Over de ligging of the post-station op de Romeinsche heerbaan van Tongeren naar Nijmegen . Amsterdam 1881.

[6] Martijn Bink: Heel, Heerbaan. Een proefsleuf en een opgraving ter hoogte van zorgwoningen 8 tm 10 van huize St. Joseph, stichting Daelzicht. BAAC report A-08.0249, 's-Hertogenbosch / Deventer 2010, p. 8 ISSN 1873-9350 , ( digitized version ).