Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Aumale

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Charles de Lorraine (born January 25, 1556 in Château de Mauny; † 1631 Brussels ) from the House of Guise was a leader of the Catholic League . He was Duke of Aumale , Governor of Picardy and Governor of Paris , and lived in exile in the southern Spanish Netherlands after the failure of the League .

biography

Charles de Lorraine is the son of Claude de Lorraine, duc d'Aumale († 1573 at the siege of La Rochelle ) and Louise de Brézé, Dame d ' Anet . At the death of his father he became the 3rd Duke of Aumale, Pair de France and Grand Hunter of France . With his cousin Henri I de Lorraine, duc de Guise , he fought in 1575 against Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé . In 1577 he inherited the domain and the Anet Castle from his mother, which were confiscated by his creditors in 1615. On January 1, 1579 he was by King Heinrich III. included in the Ordre du Saint-Esprit . As an officer, he achieved the degree of Colonel General .

Charles de Lorraine was one of the leaders of the Catholic League. He was governor of Picardy and in 1587 led an uprising in Picardy against Henry III. but tries to get closer to the king. The murder of the Duke of Guise and his brother, the Archbishop of Reims , the following year, put an end to this rapprochement and let the fighting flare up again. On December 24, 1588, he became governor of the League of Paris. On May 17, 1589 he suffered a defeat against Heinrich III in the battle of Senlis . and Henry of Navarre . He was captured in the Battle of Ivry on March 14, 1590, but subsequently refused to submit.

The Parlement de Paris convicted him of Lèse Majesté and on July 6, 1595, confiscated his property and deprived him of his title. He went into exile and settled in the Château d'Aumale in Anderlecht , Belgium, named after him (which was demolished at the beginning of the 20th century). He entered the service of Archduke Albrecht VII of Habsburg , who was governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1596 to 1621, and fought on July 2, 1600 in the Battle of Nieuwpoort , in which he was wounded.

He died around 30 years later in Brussels as the only member of the House of Guise who had consistently refused to submit to the king.

marriage and family

Charles de Lorraine married his cousin Marie de Lorraine-Elbeuf (* August 22, 1555, † probably 1605), daughter of René II. De Lorraine, Marquis d'Elbeuf, on November 10, 1576 at Joinville Castle by marriage contract and with papal dispensation, and Louise de Rieux, Comtesse d'Harcourt. Your children are:

  1. Charles de Lorraine, * December 1578?, † after 1605 (Brussels 1603?)
  2. Henri de Lorraine (born December 7, 1580 in Anet, † young)
  3. Marguerite de Lorraine († young)
  4. Marie de Lorraine (* around 1597); ⚭ 1615 Ambrosio Spinola (* 1569/71, † 1630), Marchese di Spinola, April 2, 1612 1st Duca di Sesto, December 18, 1621 1st Marquès de Los Balbases
  5. Anne de Lorraine (* 1600 (or 1595?), † February 10, 1638), Comtesse de Maulévrier et de Saint-Vallier, appointed 4th Duchesse d'Aumale, Pair de France, August 1631; ⚭ (marriage contract April 14, 1618) Henri de Savoie , 1595 Duc de Nemours et de Genevois, appointed 5th Duc d'Aumale and Pair de France in August 1631 (* November 2, 1572, † July 10, 1632 Paris), son by Jacques de Savoie, duc de Nemours , and Anna d'Este ( House of Savoy )

literature

  • Georges Poull, La maison ducale de Lorraine , Nancy, Presses Universitaires de Nancy, 1991, pp. 434-436
  • Detlev Schwennicke , European family tables . Volume I.2, 1999, plate 210B
  • Robert Descimon, José Javier Ruiz Ibanez, Les ligueurs de l'exil. Le refuge catholique français après 1594 , Seyssel, Champ Vallon, 2005
  • Christophe Levantal, Ducs et pairs et duchés-pairies laïques à l'époque modern (1519–1790) , Paris, Maisonneuve & Larose, 1996, ISBN 2-7068-1219-2 ), pp. 418f

Web link

  • Ètienne Pattou, Maison de Lorraine-Guise , p. 11 ( online , accessed April 18, 2020)

Remarks

  1. ↑ Schwennicke; Pattou: * January 25, 1555
  2. ^ Levantal: † February 13, 1630 in Binche
  3. ↑ Pattou; Schwennicke does not mention the marriage contract and dispensation
  4. ↑ Schwennicke; Pattou: * August 21, 1555, † around 1613/14
  5. ↑ Pattou; Schwennicke: * December 1580, † small
  6. ↑ Portrait of Marguerite d'Aumale, daughter of Duke Charles d'Aumale under Artnet , accessed on April 18, 2020
personal data
SURNAME Aumale, Charles de Lorraine, Duc d '
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French nobleman, governor of Picardy and Paris
DATE OF BIRTH January 25, 1556
PLACE OF BIRTH Château de Mauny
DATE OF DEATH 1631
Place of death Brussels