Guise (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the Dukes of Guise

Guise was a French ducal family whose representatives played an important role in France in the 16th century. It was a younger line of the House of Vaudémont , the reigning dukes of Lorraine since 1483. The House of Guise was divided into the lines of the Dukes of Guise († 1675), the Dukes of Mayenne and Elbeuf († 1763) and of the Dukes of Lambesc († 1825).

history

The house was founded by Claude de Lorraine, duc de Guise (1496-1550), who entered French service and was made the first Duke of Guise by King Francis I in 1527 . Through his marriage to Antoinette de Bourbon , the family was related to the French royal family. As the younger line of a sovereign house, the Dukes of Guise enjoyed the high status of Prince étranger in France . Duke Claude's daughter Marie de Guise married the Scottish King James V and was therefore Queen of Scotland from 1538 to 1542 . A good decade after Jacob's death, in 1554 she took over the reign of Scotland for her underage daughter Maria Stuart . Her brothers included Duke Franz I von Guise, Cardinal Karl von Lothringen and Duke Claude von Aumale.

Duke Francis I of Guise (1519–1563)

In 1558 the Dauphin Franz married the 15-year-old Maria Stuart , Queen of Scotland. When the ailing young man ascended the French throne as Francis II in 1559, his uncles, Duke Francis I of Guise and the Cardinal of Lorraine actually ruled the country. After the death of Franz II on December 5, 1560, his younger brother Karl took over as Karl IX. the French throne, the Queen Mother Catherine de Medici became regent and disempowered the Duke of Guise by approaching the Bourbons and Protestants. The Duke of Guise then organized a massacre of the Protestants, the Vassy bloodbath . This began a series of wars of religion, the so-called Huguenot Wars , in which the Guise were determined opponents of the Huguenots . Duke Franz died in 1563 of the wounds he had suffered near Orleans. His son, Henri I (1550–1588) became the third Duke of Guise. He took part in the Huguenot Wars, especially the eighth Huguenot War (also: War of the Three Heinriche ) and became the enemy of Henry of Navarre, who later became King of France, Henry IV. He was involved in St. Bartholomew's Night. In 1588 he and his brother, Cardinal Louis II. De Lorraine-Guise , were murdered. Her brother Charles (1554-1611), Duke of Mayenne, became the military leader of the Catholic League. After a peace with Henry IV, the Guise withdrew from politics.

The line of the Dukes of Guise died out in 1675, the title of duke was given to the Bourbon-Condé in 1688 and later to the Bourbon-Orléans . Younger branches of the Guise, the Dukes of Mayenne and von Elbeuf, flourished until 1763, the line of the Dukes of Lambesc until 1825. After its extinction, the main line of the Dukes of Lorraine, the later Emperors of Austria from the House of Habsburg-Lothringen , remained the only flourishing line of the House of Lorraine (Vaudémont).

Famous representatives of the House of Guise

Marie de Guise , Regent of Scotland (1542–1559), mother of Mary Queen of Scots

Tribe list

The family list contains only those family members who have grown up, unless they already had a title in their early years.

The Dukes of Guise (1527–1671)

Guise castle ruins
Castle in Joinville (Haute-Marne)
  1. Claude (1496–1550), 1506 comte de Guise, 1513 comte d'Aumale, 1527 1st duc de Guise; ⚭ Antoinette de Bourbon (1494–1583), daughter of François , comte de Vendôme (1470–1495). For ancestors see ancestral list of the House of Vaudémont .
    1. Marie (1515-1560); ⚭ I Louis d'Orléans , 4th duc de Longueville († 1537) ( House Orléans-Longueville ); ⚭ II Jacob V , King of Scotland († 1542)
    2. François I (1519–1563), 1547 duc d'Aumale, 1550 2nd duc de Guise, 1552 prince de Joinville; ⚭ Anna d'Este (1531–1607), daughter of Ercole II. D'Este (1508–1559), Duke of Ferrara
      1. Henri I. le Balafré (1550–1588), 1563 2nd duc de Guise, 2nd prince de Joinville; ⚭ Catherine de Clèves (1548–1633), 9th comtesse d'Eu, daughter of Franz von Kleve, duc de Nevers
        1. Charles I (1571–1640), 1588 3rd duc de Guise, 3rd prince de Joinville, 8th comte d'Eu; ⚭ Henriette Catherine de Joyeuse (1585–1656), 5th duchesse de Joyeuse, daughter of Henri de Joyeuse , 4th duc de Joyeuse
          1. François (1612–1639), prince de Joinville
          2. Henri II. (1614–1664), 1629–1640 Archbishop of Reims, 1640 4th duc de Guise, 9.comte d'Eu, 4th prince de Joinville; ⚭ I Anna Gonzaga; ⚭ II Honorine von Glymes († 1679), daughter of Gottfried von Glymes, 1st Count of Grimbergen ( House of Glymes )
          3. Marie (1615–1688), 1675 duchesse de Guise, 5th princesse de Joinville
          4. Charles (1618–1637), 6th duc de Joyeuse
          5. Françoise Renée (1621–1682), abbess of Reims
          6. Louis (1622–1654), 1637 7th duc de Joyeuse, 1643 10th comte d'Eu, duc de Angoulême; ⚭ Marie Françoise de Valois (1632–1696), duchesse d'Angoulême, heiress to Louis Emmanuel, 2nd duc d'Angoulême
            1. Louis Joseph (1650–1671), 1664 5th duc de Guise, 1654 8th duc de Joyeuse, 1660 comte d'Eu, duc de Angoulême; ⚭ Elisabeth d'Orléans (1646–1696), 1667 duchesse d'Alençon, daughter of Gaston, duc d'Orléans
              1. François Joseph (1670–1675), 1671 6th duc de Guise, 9th duc de Joyeuse
          7. Roger (1624-1653)
        2. Louis (1575–1621), Archbishop of Reims in 1605, cardinal in 1614 ; perhaps ⚭ Charlotte des Essarts († 1651)
          1. Charles Louis de Lorraine († 1688), Bishop of Condom
          2. Charlotte de Lorraine († before 1664)
          3. Achille de Lorraine (1648), prince de Guise, comte de Romorantin; ⚭ Anna († after 1682), daughter of Johann Georg in Neuviller
            1. Charlotte Louise (1642-1677); ⚭ Ignace Renault, marquis d'Acy, vicomte de Lévignan († after 1677)
          4. Henri Hector (1620-1668)
          5. Louise (1621–1652), ⚭ Claude Pot, seigneur de Rhodes († 1642)
        3. Claude (1578–1657), prince de Joinville, 1612 duc de Chevreuse ; ⚭ Marie de Rohan-Montbazon (1600–1679), daughter of Hercule de Rohan , 1st Duc de Montbazon
          1. Anne Marie († 1652)
          2. Charlotte Marie (1625-1652)
          3. Henriette (1693–1693), Abbess of Jouarre
        4. Renée (1585–1626), abbess of Reims
        5. Jeanne (1586–1638), Abbess of Jouarre
        6. Louise Marguerite (1588-1631); ⚭ François de Bourbon, prince de Conti (1558–1614)
        7. François Alexandre (1589-1614)
      2. Catherine (1552–1596), ⚭ Louis III. de Bourbon, duc de Montpensier (1513–1582)
      3. Charles (1554-1611), 1573 duc de Mayenne; ⚭ Henriette von Savoyen (1541 / 42–1611), daughter of Honorat von Savoyen, marquis de Villars
        1. Henri (1578–1621), 1600 duc d'Aiguillon, 1611 2nd duc de Mayenne; ⚭ Henriette Gonzaga (1571–1614), daughter of Lodovico Gonzaga , duc de Nevers, and Henriette von Kleve, 11th duchesse de Nevers
        2. Charles Emanuel (1581–1609), comte de Sommerive
        3. Catherine (1585-1618); ⚭ Carlo I. Gonzaga (1580–1637), 12th duc de Nevers, Duke of Mantua
        4. Renée († 1638); ⚭ Mario Sforza, duca d'Ognano e Segni, conte de Santafiore († 1658)
      4. Louis (1555–1588), 1583 Archbishop of Reims, 1578 Cardinal, called Cardinal von Guise
        1. (illegitimate) Louis (1588–1631), called Louis d'Ancerville , 1624 Prince of Pfalzburg and Lixheim; ⚭ Henriette von Lothringen (1611–1660), daughter of Francis II , Duke of Lorraine
    3. Louise (1521-1542); ⚭ Charles II. De Croÿ , 2nd Duke of Aarschot († 1551)
    4. Renée (1522-1602)
    5. Charles (1524–1574), 1546 Archbishop of Reims, 1550 Bishop of Metz, 1555 duc de Chevreuse, 1562 Cardinal, known as Cardinal of Lorraine
    6. Claude (1526–1573), 1550 2nd duc d'Aumale; ⚭ Louise de Brézé († 1577), daughter of Louis de Brézé , Count of Maulévrier ( House of Brézé ), and Diane de Poitiers , duchesse de Valentinois ( House of Poitiers-Valentinois )
      1. Henri (1549–1559), comte de Valentinois
      2. Catherine Romula (1550-1606); ⚭ Nicolas de Lorraine (1524–1577), 1569 duc de Mercœur († 1577)
      3. Charles (1556-1631), 1573 3rd duc d'Aumale; ⚭ Marie de Lorraine, daughter of René II , marquis d'Elbeuf
        1. Marie ⚭ 1615 Ambrosio Spinola (1569 / 71–1630), 1st Duca di Sesto
        2. Anne († 1638), 1631 4th duchesse d'Aumale; ⚭ Henry of Savoy († 1632), 1595 duc de Nemours, 1631 5th duc d'Aumale
      4. Diane (1558-1586); ⚭ 1576 François de Luxembourg († 1638), Duke of Piney -Luxembourg
      5. Antoinette Louise (1561–1643), Abbess of Soissons
      6. Claude (1564–1591), abbot of Bec Abbey
      7. Marie (1565–1627), Abbess of Chelles
    7. Louis (1527–1578), 1545 Bishop of Troyes, 1550 Bishop of Albi, 1553 Cardinal, 1560 Archbishop of Sens, resigned in 1562, and in 1568 Bishop of Metz
    8. Antonie (1531–1561)
    9. François (1534–1563)
    10. René II (1536–1566), marquis d'Elbeuf; ⚭ Louise de Rieux , daughter of Claude de Rieux, comte d'Harcourt . Descendants see below.

The Elbeuf line

  1. René II. (1536–1566) ⚭ Louise de Rieux , daughter of Claude, comte d'Harcourt - ancestors see above.
    1. Marie ⚭ Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Aumale (1556–1631), 3rd duc d'Aumale
    2. Charles I. de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf (1556–1605), 1582 duc d'Elbeuf , comte d ' Harcourt , de Lillebonne et de Rieux ⚭ Marguerite Chabot (1565–1652), daughter of Léonor, comte de Charny
      1. Claude Éléonore († 1654) ⚭ Louis Gouffier († 1642), 1612 duc de Roannais
      2. Henriette (1592 / 93–1669), abbess in Soissons
      3. Charles II. De Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf (1596–1657), 1605 2nd duc d'Elbeuf, comte d'Harcourt, de Lillebonne et de Rieux ⚭ Catherine Henriette de Bourbon (1596–1663), daughter of King Henry IV . (France) and Gabrielle d'Estrées
        1. Charles III de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf (1620–1692), 1657 3. duc d'Elbeuf ⚭ (I) Anne Elisabeth de Lannoy (1626–1654), daughter of Charles, comte de Lannoy; ⚭ (II) Elisabeth de la Tour (1635–1680), daughter of Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon ; ⚭ (III) Françoise de Montault (1653–1717), daughter of Philippe, 2nd duc de Navailles
          1. Anne Elisabeth (1649–1714) ⚭ Charles Henri de Lorraine-Vaudémont (1649–1723), Count of Vaudémont, son of Duke Charles IV (Lorraine) (1604–1675)
          2. Charles (1650-1690)
          3. Henri Frédéric (1657–1666), comte de Rieux
          4. Marie Éléonore (1658–1731)
          5. Marie Françoise (* 1659)
          6. Henri de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf (1661–1748), 1692 4th duc d'Elbeuf ⚭ Anne Charlotte de Rochechouart (1660 / 61–1729), daughter of Louis Victor, 2nd Duc de Mortemart et de Vivonne ( Rochechouart house )
            1. Philippe (1678–1705), prince d'Elbeuf
            2. Armande Charlotte (1683–1701)
            3. Charles (1685-1705)
          7. Louis (1662-1693)
          8. Emmanuel Maurice de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf (1677–1763), 1748/52 5. Duc d'Elbeuf ⚭ (I) Maria Teresa Stramboni († 1745), daughter of Gian Vincente Duca di Salsa; ⚭ (II) Innocente Catherine de Rougé (1704–1794) Marquise du Fay, daughter of Jean Gilles de Rougé, Marquis du Plessis Bellière, called Le Marquis du Fay
          9. Suzanne Henriette (1686–1710) ⚭ Carlo IV. Gonzaga (1652–1708), Duke of Mantua
          10. Louise Anne Radegonde (1689–1726)
        2. Henri (1619 / 20–1648)
        3. François Louis (1623–1694), known as prince d'Harcourt , comte d'Harcourt, de Rochefort, de Rieux, de Saint-Rmèze et de Montlaur, Marquis de Maubec ⚭ Anne d'Ornano († 1695), daughter of Henri François Alphonse, comte de Montlaur, de Maubec etc.
          1. Marie Angélique († 1674) ⚭ Nuno II. Alvarez Pereira de Melo, 1648 1st Duque de Cadaval († 1727)
          2. Alphonse Henri Charles (1648–1719), known as Prince d'Harcourt , prince de Guise, comte de Montlaur et de Saint-Rmèze, marquis de Maubec ⚭ Françoise de Brancas († 1715), daughter of Charles, comte de Brancas ( House of Brancas )
          3. César (X 1675), comte de Montlaur
          4. Marie Anne Françoise (1656 / 57–1699)
          5. Charles (1660 / 61-1683)
        4. François Marie (1627–1694), prince de Lillebonne ⚭ (I) Christine d'Estrées († 1658) ( House Estrées ); ⚭ (II) Anne of Lorraine (1639–1720), daughter of Duke Charles IV (Lorraine) (1604–1675)
          1. Karl von Lothringen-Commercy (1661–1702), 10th duc de Joyeuse, emperor. Field Marshal
          2. Béatrice Hiéronyme (1662–1738), comtesse de Walhain, 1711 abbess of Remiremont
          3. Marie Elisabeth (1664–1748), comtesse de Walhain ⚭ Louis de Melun († 1704), 7th prince d'Épinoy ( House of Melun )
          4. Jean François de Paul (1672-1693)
        5. Catherine († 1645)
        6. Marie Marguerite Ignace (1628 / 29–1679)
      4. Françoise (1599-1626)
      5. Henri (1601–1666), comte d'Harcourt, d'Armagnac et de Brionne, vicomte de Marsan ⚭ Marguerite Philippe du Cambout (1622–1674), daughter of Charles - descendants see below, line Lambesc

The Lambesc line

  1. Henri (1601-1666), comte d'Harcourt, d'Armagnac et de Brionne, vicomte de Marsan; ⚭ Marguerite Philippe du Cambout (1622–1674), daughter of Charles. For ancestors see above.
    1. Armande Henriette (1640–1684)
    2. Louis (1641–1718), comte d'Armaganc, de Charny et de Brionne, called Monsieur le Grand ; ⚭ Catherine de Neuville (1639–1707), daughter of Nicolas, 1st duc de Villars
      1. Henri (1661-1712), comte de Brionne; ⚭ Marie Madeleine d'Épinay († 1714), daughter of Louis Marquis d'Épinay de Broon
        1. Louis (1692–1743), prince de Lambesc (acquired from the Counts of Lorraine in 1453), comte de Brionne et de Braine; ⚭ Jeanne Henriette Marguerite de Durfort (1691–1750), daughter of Jacques Henri II, duc de Duras
          1. Charlotte Louise (1726–1747), comtesse de Lambesc; ⚭ Alexander Ferdinand , 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis († 1773)
          2. Henriette Julie Gabrielle (1724–1761), called Mademoiselle de Braine ; ⚭ Jaime Alvarez Pereira de Melon, 3rd duque de Cadaval († 1749)
          3. Louis Charles (1725–1761), prince de Lambesc, comte de Brionne; ⚭ I Louise Charlotte de Gramont (1725–1742), called Mademoiselle de Guiche , daughter of Louis Antoins VI. Armand, 5th duc de Gramont; ⚭ II Augustine de Coetquen (1722–1746), daughter of Jules Malo, marquis de Coëtquen , comte de Combourg; ⚭ III Louise Julie Constance de Rohan-Rochefort (1734–1815), daughter of Charles, prince de Rochefort
            1. Charles Eugène (1751-1825), prince de Lambesc, duc d'Elbeuf, comte de Brionne; ⚭ I Anna Zetzner (1764–1814); ⚭ II Viktoria Countess Folliot de Crenneville (1766–1845), daughter of François Mérédic Folliot
            2. Marie Josèphe Thérèse (1753–1797); ⚭ Viktor Amadeus of Savoy, Prince of Carignan († 1780)
            3. Anna Charlotte (1755–1786), Abbess of Remiremont
            4. Joseph Marie (1759-1812), prince de Vaudémont; ⚭ Louise Auguste Elisabeth Marie Colette de Montmorency-Logny (1763–1832), daughter of Louis Ernest Gabriel, comte de Logny ( list of the Montmorency family )
          4. François Camille (1726–1788)
          5. Henriette Agathe (1731–1756)
        2. Marie Louise (1693–1724), called Mademoiselle de Brionne
      2. Marguerite (1662-1730); ⚭ Nuno II. Alvarez Pereira de Melo, 1st duque de Cadaval († 1727)
      3. François Armand (1665–1728), Bishop of Bayeux
      4. Camille (1666-1715)
      5. Marie (1674-1724); ⚭ Antoine I. Grimaldi , Prince of Monaco, 3rd duc de Valentinois († 1731)
      6. Louis Alphonse (1675-1704)
      7. Charlotte (1678–1757), known as Mademoiselle d'Armagnac
      8. François Louis Anne Marie (1680–1712), known as l'Abbé d'Armagnac
      9. Charles (1684-1751), Comte d'Armagnac; ⚭ Françoise Adélaide de Noailles (1704–1776), daughter of Adrien Maurice, 3rd duc de Noailles
    3. Philippe (1643–1702), known as Chevalier de Lorraine , abbot, favorite of Philippe I. de Bourbon, duc d'Orléans
      1. (illegitimate), Alexandre de Lorraine († before 1725), called de Beauvernois ; ⚭ around 1700 Eva Antoinette von Uffeln († after 1725), daughter of Jobst Moritz von Offen (1635–1692)
        1. Friederike Wilhelmine (1702–1751); ⚭ Count Friedrich Ulrich von Oeynhausen († 1776)
        2. Sophie Friederike (1708-1730); ⚭ George Ludwig Graf von Platen Hallermund (1704–1772)
        3. Caroline († after 1748)
    4. Alphonse Louis (1643 / 44–1689), known as Chevalier d'Harcourt
    5. Raymond Béranger (1647–1686)
    6. Charles Louis (1648-1708), comte de Marsan; ⚭ I Marie Françoise d'Albret († 1692), daughter of César Phoebus, comte de Marennes ( House of Albret ); ⚭ II Catherine Thérèse Goyon de Matignon (1662–1699), daughter of Henri, Comte de Thorigny , widow of Jean-Baptiste Colbert , Marquis de Seignelay
      1. Charles Louis (1696–1755), comte de Marsan, prince de Pons et de Mortagne; ⚭ 1714 Elisabeth de Roquelaure (1696 / 97–1714), daughter of Antoine Gaston, 2nd Duc de Roquelaure, Marshal of France , Pair de France , and Marie-Louise de Montmorency-Laval
        1. Léopoldine Elisabeth Charlotte (* 1716); ⚭ 1733 Joachim de Zuniga de Bejar et de Bellecazar († 1777, 102 years old)
        2. Louise Henriette Gabrielle (1718–1788); ⚭ Godefroid Charles Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, 10th duc de Bouillon, 5th duc d'Albret et de Château-Thierry († 1792)
        3. Gaston Jean-Baptiste Charles (1721-1743); ⚭ Marie Louise Geneviève de Rohan (1720–1803), comtesse de Walhain, daughter of Jules François Louis, 3rd Prince de Soubise
        4. Marguerite Louise Elisabeth (* 1723), called Mademoiselle de Mirambeau
        5. Louis Camille (1725–1782), comte de Marsan, prince de Puyguilhem, comte de Pontgirault; ⚭ Jules Hélène Rosalie Mancini-Mazarin (* 1742), daughter of Louis Jules Mancini , duc de Nevers, prince de Vergagne ( Mazarin-Mancini house )
      2. Jacques Henri (1698-1734), Marquis d'Ambleville, Prince de Lixheim; ⚭ 1721 Anne Gabrielle Marguerite de Beauvau-Craon (1707-after 1790), daughter of Marc de Beauvau , Prince de Craon, Imperial Prince of Beauvau, grandee of Spain 1st class, knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece , she married in 1739 Pierre Louis de Lévis , 1751 1st Duc de Mirepoix, Marshal of France

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