Henri de Lorraine, comte d'Harcourt
Henri de Lorraine , comte d' Harcourt , d'Armagnac, de Brionne , vicomte de Marsan, called "Cadet la Perle" (born March 20, 1601 in Pagny-le-Château ; † July 25, 1666 in the Royaumont monastery ), was an aristocrat and military commander in 17th century France. He was Chevalier de l ' Ordre du Saint-Esprit , Grand écuyer de France , Sénéchal de Bourgogne and Governor of Anjou .
Life
He was the youngest son of Charles I. d'Elbeuf de Guise-Lorraine (from the younger, French Guise line of the ruling House of Lorraine ) and the Marguerite de Chabot, comtesse de Charny.
He earned his first military spurs during the siege of Prague in November 1620. His companions noticed that he had what it takes to be a great leader and named him Cadet la Perle (Younger of the Pearl) because he was the youngest of the house d'Elbeuf de Guise-Lorraine and because the edge of the coat of arms of the Lorraine-Harcourt family, the French line of the Lorraine ducal house, was adorned with pearls.
In France he fought the Huguenots and was involved in the siege of Saint-Jean-d'Angély and in the siege of La Rochelle (1627-1628) . In 1633 he was appointed Chevalier de l'Ordre du Saint-Esprit and then Grand écuyer de France and Sénéchal de Bourgogne.
In the Franco-Spanish War in 1636 he was one of the commanders in the retaking of the Îles de Lérins , in the battle of Leucate and in the fighting in Piedmont . At Quiers , he defeated a numerically superior Spanish army. Back in Piedmont, he besieged Turin for three months , which finally had to surrender. With an army he crossed to Sardinia and landed in Oristano . In 1645 he was appointed Viceroy of Catalonia .
During the uprising of the Fronde he stood by the regent Anna of Austria . After falling out with Cardinal Mazarin , he resigned and retired to Alsace.
His grave is in the Royaumont monastery. It was designed by the sculptor Antoine Coysevox. A memorial, created by the Nancy sculptor Nicolas Renard for the Convent des Feuillants in Paris, is now in the Saint-Roch church in Paris .
Marriage and offspring
In February 1639 he married Marguerite-Philippe du Cambout (* 1622, † 1674).
The couple had six children:
- Armande Henriette (1640–1684), Abbess in Soissons
- Louis de Lorraine (1641-1718), comte d'Armagnac, de Charny et de Brionne, married Catherine de Neufville de Villeroy. Via their daughter Marie de Lorraine, wife of Antoine II, prince de Monaco, they are one of the ancestors of Albert II (Monaco)
- Philippe de Lorraine (1643–1702), Abbé of Saint-Pierre in Chartres, called "Chevalier de Lorraine", favorite of Monsieur , Philippe I. de Bourbon, duc d'Orléans
- Alphonse Louis (1644–1689), Abbé of Royaumont, called "Chevalier d'Harcourt"
- Raimond Bérenger (1647–1686), Abbé in Faron de Meaux
- Charles de Lorraine, comte de Marsan (1648–1708), vicomte de Marsan
Memorial in the Saint-Roch church (Paris)
Tomb in the Royaumont monastery
literature
- Henri-Louis Duclos: Histoire de Royaumont. Sa fondation par Saint Louis and its influence on France. Volume 2. Ch. Douniol, Paris 1867, pp. 213–328 ( full text in the Google book search; full text in the Internet Archive ).
Web links
- Information on Henri de Lorraine, comte d'Harcourt in the database of the Bibliothèque nationale de France .
- Henri de Lorraine, comte d'Harcourt et d'Armagnac, et Marguerite du Cambout de Coislin. Guillaume Attlane's website.
- Harcourt (Henri de Lorraine comte d '). In: Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises de l'abbé Capeille. 1914, p. 265 (on Méditerranées ; PDF; 3.43 MB).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lorraine, Henri de comte d'Harcourt |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cadet la Perle |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Aristocrat and military commander in France |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 20, 1601 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Pagny-le-Château |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 25, 1666 |
| Place of death | Royaumont Monastery |