Marc de Beauvau

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Marc de Beauvau, Prince de Craon, oil painting by Hyacinthe Rigaud , around 1711, Musée Lorrain, Nancy

François Vincent Marc de Beauvau (born April 29, 1679 in Nancy ; † March 10, 1754 in Haroué ) was Marquis de Beauvau, Prince de Craon, Imperial Prince , Marquis de Haroué, Grand Connétable of Lorraine , Grandee of Spain and Viceroy of Tuscany . On the Lorraine side, he was responsible for negotiating and organizing the marriage of Duke Franz Stephan of Lothringen with the Austrian Archduchess Maria Theresa , who brought the Duchy of Lorraine to France, the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Austria and Franz Stephan the imperial crown.

biography

Marc de Beauvau is the son of Louis de Beauvau (1638–1703), Marquis de Beauvau, and his third wife Anne de Ligny du Charmel. From childhood he was the friend of the future Duke Leopold of Lorraine , his wife Anne-Marguerite de Ligniville (1686–1772) was his mistress. Leopold appointed Marc de Beauvau governor , then grand écuyer of his son, the later Duke and Roman Emperor Franz I Stephan .

Leopold raised Houdonville (today Croismare ) and Haroué to the Lorraine Marquisate Craon on August 21, 1712, which was named after the old Craon family estate in Mayenne. In Haroué, Marc de Beauvau built the new Haroué Castle between 1720 and 1729 , which he had built by Germain Boffrand , the architect of Lunéville Castle . Finally, the Duke of Lorraine let his favorite of Emperor Charles VI. on November 13, 1722 the dignity of imperial prince "de Beauvau et Craon" bestowed, at the same time with the appointment as 1st Prince de Craon. On May 8, 1727, he became grande of Spain 1st class.

Marc de Beauvau was responsible for negotiating and organizing the marriage of Duke Franz, since then Grand Duke of Tuscany , with Archduchess Maria Theresa , which took place on February 12, 1736 after the conclusion of the dynastic agreements that united the Duchy of Lorraine with France. The new Tuscan Grand Duke Franz (II.), Now Charles VI's son-in-law. and soon emperor himself, leaving the administration of his new state to Marc de Beauvau with the title of viceroy. When the Polish King Stanislas Leszczynski became Duke of Lorraine in 1737, he lived at Haroué Castle and became the lover of one of Marc de Beauvau's daughters, Marie Françoise Catherine .

1739 Marc de Beauvau was from Charles VI. appointed Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece (No. 690).

As Viceroy of Tuscany, Marc de Beauvau resided in Florence until he retired at the age of 70. He died on March 10, 1754 at Haroué Castle. Posthumously he was awarded the title of Maréchal général des camps et armées du Roi .

Marriage and offspring

Marc de Beauvau married on December 16, 1704 in Lunéville Anne-Marguerite de Ligniville (* 1686 Houécourt ; † July 12, 1772 Haroué), Countess, lady of honor of the Duchess of Lorraine and mistress of Duke Leopold I, daughter of Melchior de Ligniville, comte de Tumejus, Lorraine chamberlain, and Marguerite Antoinette de Bouzay. The couple had twenty children, eight sons and twelve daughters:

  • Elisabeth Charlotte (1705 – after 1754); ⚭ 1723 Charles Ferdinand François de La Baume, marquis de Saint-Martin et de Pesmes († 1736)
  • Anne-Marguerite-Gabrielle (1707-1790); ⚭ (1) 1721 Jacques-Henri de Lorraine , prince de Lixheim et de Mortagne (X 1734); ⚭ (2) 1739 Gaston-Pierre de Lévis , duc de Mirepoix († 1757)
  • Gabrielle Françoise (1708-1758); ⚭ 1725 Gabriel Alexandre de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace, 1735 Prince of Chimay († 1745) ( House of Hénin )
  • Marie Philippe Tècle (1709–1748), Canon of Remiremont
  • Nicolas Simon Juda (1710–1734), called Abbé de Craon
  • Marie-Françoise-Catherine (1711–1786); ⚭ 1735 Louis-François de Boufflers, marquis de Remiencourt († 1751)
  • François Vincent Marc (1713–1742), Dr. theol., Abbot of Lisle-en-Barrois , 1722 Primate of Lorraine
  • Léopold Clément (1714–1723), Knight of the Order of Malta
  • Marie Louise Eugénie (1715–1734), 1728–1734 Abbess of Épinal
  • Henriette Augustine (* 1716), nun in the Order of the Visitation of Mary in Paris
  • Charlotte Nicole (1717–1787), 1730 Abbess of Poussay ; ⚭ 1724 Léopold Clément Marquis de Bassompierre († 1787)
  • Anne Marguerite (* 1719), nun in Paris
  • Charles-Juste (1720–1793), 2nd Prince de Beauvau et Craon, 1771 member of the Académie française (Fauteuil 28), 1783 Marshal of France ; ⚭ (1) 1745 Marie-Sophie-Charlotte de La Tour d'Auvergne (1729–1763), daughter of Emanuel Theodose, 9th Duke of Bouillon ( House of La Tour d'Auvergne ); ⚭ (2) 1764 Marie-Charlotte-Sylvie de Rohan-Chabot (1729–1807), daughter of Guy-Auguste de Rohan-Chabot, Comte de Chabot, widow of Jean-Baptiste Louis de Clermont d'Amboise, Marquis de Revel
  • Elisabeth (* 1722), canoness in Poussy, then a nun in Paris
  • Ferdinand Jérôme (1723-1790), Marquis de Haroué; ⚭ 1772 Louise Étienne Desmiers d'Archiac, daughter of Étienne-Louis Desmiers, Comte d'Archiac de Saint-Simon, Lieutenant-général des armées du roi, and Marie d'Anthès, granddaughter of Jean-Henri d'Anthès
  • Gabrielle-Charlotte (1724 – after 1790), canoness in Remiremont , nun in Juvigny, 1760–1790 last abbess of Saint-Antoine-des-Champs in Paris
  • Alexandre Louis (1725–1745), Marquis de Craon, killed in the Battle of Fontenoy
  • Béatrix Alexis (1727-1730)
  • Hilarion François Louis (* / † 1728)
  • Antoine (1730-1736)

literature

  • Marie-Nicolas Bouillet , Alexis Chassang (eds.), Marc de Beauvau-Craon (1679-1754) , in: Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de géographie , 1878
  • Johannes Baptista Rietstap , Armorial général , Volumes 1 and 2, Gouda, GB van Goor zonen, 1884–1887
  • Louis de la Roque, Catalog des chevaliers de Malte, appelés successivement Chevaliers de l'Ordre Militaire et Hospitalier de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem, de Rhodes, de Malte , 1099–1800, Alp. Desaide, Paris, 1891
  • Detlev Schwennicke , European Family Tables , Volume 13, 1990, Plate 48f
  • Michel Popoff (preface by Hervé Pinoteau ), Armorial de l'Ordre du Saint-Esprit: d'après l'œuvre du Pierre de Guibours et ses continuateurs , Paris, Le Léopard d'or, 1996, ISBN 2-86377-140- X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ According to Schwennicke, April 2, 1676 is also an option
personal data
SURNAME Beauvau, Marc de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES François Vincent Marc de Beauvau, Imperial Prince de Beauvau et Craon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French nobleman, viceroy of Tuscany
DATE OF BIRTH April 29, 1679
PLACE OF BIRTH Nancy
DATE OF DEATH March 10, 1754
Place of death Haroué