Henri I. de Savoie-Nemours

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Henri I. de Savoie, duc de Nemours, Anonymous, 17th century

Henri I. de Savoie-Nemours (born November 2, 1572 in Paris , † July 10, 1632 ibid) was Marchese di San Sorlino, Duc de Nemours , Duc d'Aumale , Pair de France , and apanaged Duke of Geneva and Count of Faucigny .

Life

Henri I. de Savoie-Nemours was the second son of Jacques de Savoie-Nemours , Duke of Geneva and Nemours, and Anna d'Este , through his mother a half-brother of Henri I. de Lorraine, duc de Guise and Louis de Lorraine -Guise , Archbishop of Reims , who were murdered at Blois Castle on December 23 and 24, 1588 . Since the Duke of Guise was one of the leaders of the Catholic League , Henri could hardly avoid getting drawn into the intrigues and clashes of the Huguenot Wars .

Henri de Savoie-Nemours grew up in Annecy at his father's court and was known in his early years as the Marchese di San Sorlino (or in France as the Marquis de Saint-Sorlin). In 1588 he took the margraviate of Saluzzo from the French on behalf of his cousin Karl Emanuel I , Duke of Savoy . As a member of the league, he invaded the Dauphiné a few years later , which had risen against the French king, and was appointed governor of the Dauphiné in 1591 in the name of the league (i.e. without legal basis) , but did not actually exercise the office. He threatened Lyon with the intention of making it easier for his older brother Charles-Emmanuel de Savoie-Nemours to escape from Pierre Scize Castle , which he did not manage until 1594 - without Henri's help.

In 1595 he became Duke of Nemours as his brother's successor. In 1596 he submitted to the French King Henry IV and then took part in the Assemblée des notables (November 4, 1596 - January 26, 1597) in Rouen . In 1597 he fought in the siege of Amiens . When war broke out between France and Savoy over Saluzzo, he remained neutral and retired to his residence in Annecy.

Henri de Nemours had received the promise of Karl Emanuel of Savoy for the hand of one of his daughters, but the project failed because of the objections raised by the court in Madrid, without Henri de Nemours knowing the background, so that he in Karl Emanuel the Cause had to see. In the War of Succession of Montferrat , which Savoy had been waging against Spain since 1613, Pedro Álvarez de Toledo , governor of Milan from 1616 , who was aware of the tensions between his cousins, concluded an agreement with the Duke of Nemours in which he transferred control to him Savoy promised as a Spanish vassal if he stood against Karl Emanuel. Henri de Nemours then promised Karl Emanuel that he would raise a corps of 3,000 men in his Apanage Genevois and Faucigny, but then delayed the march into Piedmont because he was waiting for the merger with the Spaniards from the Free County of Burgundy , which was under Spanish rule . When a messenger between the Duke of Nemours and the Spaniards was intercepted, the duplicate was discovered. Karl Emanuel then sent his son Viktor Amadeus at the head of 4,000 men across the Alps, and he succeeded in putting the Duke of Nemours in place when he wanted to cross the Rhône . The Duke of Nemours then broke off the operation and moved with the remaining troops to French territory, where the governors of Lyonnais and Burgundy wanted to force a battle on him if he did not return to French service. The Duke of Nemours then put down his arms, reached an understanding with the Savoyard court, to which he left the soldiers he had left, received back the allowance that had been confiscated from him due to his activities, and returned to the French court.

Here he married on April 18, 1618 Anne de Lorraine, August 1631 Duchesse d'Aumale, Pair de France etc. († February 10, 1638), the heir to Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Aumale , Pair de France. In August 1631 he and Anne were appointed Duc and Duchesse d'Aumale and Pair de France.

Henri de Savoie, Duc de Nemours et d'Aumale, died a year later, on July 10, 1632, in Paris and was buried in Annecy. His successor was his eldest son Louis de Savoie-Nemours . Anne de Lorraine died on February 10, 1638.

progeny

Henri I. de Savoie-Nemours and Anne de Lorraine had four children together:

  • Louis (1615 - 16 September 1641), 1632 Duc de Nemours, 2 November 1638 Duc d'Aumale, Pair de France
  • François Paul (March 1619 - June 26, 1627)
  • Charles Amédée (born April 12, 1624; † in a duel July 30, 1652), 1641 Duc de Nemours, November 15, 1643 Duc d'Aumale, Pair de France; ∞ July 11, 1643 Elisabeth de Bourbon-Vendôme (* August 1618 (or 1614); † May 19, 1664) daughter of César de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme , de Beaufort, de Mercœur, d'Étampes et de Penthièvre etc.
  • Henri (November 2, 1625 - January 14, 1659) Marchese di San Sorlino, 1651/57 Archbishop of Reims , Pair de France, Abbot of Saint-Rémy , resigned 1655, Duc de Nemours et de Genève, Baron de Faucigny et de Beaufort; ∞ January 22, 1657 Marie Anne Princesse de Longueville, 1694/1707 Princess of Neuchâtel (* March 5, 1625 - July 16, 1707) daughter of Henri II. D'Orléans , Duc de Longueville, Prince of Neuchâtel

In addition, he and an unknown wife had a son of unknown name, who was made abbot of San Ramberto and died on August 26, 1679.

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ The name of the bride is not known; of the duke's four legitimate daughters, the two older married in 1608 in Mantua and Modena, respectively, and the two younger lived their lives in the monastery
  2. ↑ Saluces, pp. 175f
personal data
SURNAME Savoie-Nemours, Henri I. de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Duke of Geneva, Duke of Nemours, Duke of Aumale, Marquis de Saint-Sorlin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Savoyard nobleman
DATE OF BIRTH November 2, 1572
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH July 10, 1632
Place of death Paris