Christian Frederik von Schalburg

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von Schalburg, here SS-Sturmbannführer

Christian Frederik von Schalburg (born April 15, 1906 in Zmeinogorsk , Siberia , † June 2, 1942 near Demjansk ) was the leader of the Danish volunteers in the Waffen SS .

Life

Von Schalburg was born in Siberia on April 15, 1906, to a Danish father and a Russian mother. His mother was a member of the Russian nobility , his sister was Vera Schalburg . The family lived in Russia until the October Revolution of 1917 .

Von Schalburg became an officer (Sekondløjtnant / Leutnant ) in the Danish bodyguard regiment . Politically, he was involved in the Danmarks Nationalsocialistiske Ungdom , the youth organization of the Danish National Socialists ( DNSAP ), of which he was chairman from January 15, 1939 until his death.

In the Finnish Winter War 1939-1940, von Schalburg volunteered to fight the Red Army and after his return to the Waffen SS, where he was taken over as SS-Hauptsturmführer according to his Danish rank ( Kaptajnløjtnant , corresponded to the captain ) . At first he served in the 5th SS Panzer Division "Wiking" . During his service there he received the Iron Cross of both classes. On March 1, 1942, he took over the Freikorps Danmark as Sturmbannführer . He directed the training of the corps and led it into the Demyansk Kettle Battle .

Von Schalburg fell in the course of the battle on June 2, 1942 when he stepped on a mine and was hit by shrapnel a little later. He was buried in Biakowo near Demjansk, SS Reichsführer Heinrich Himmler promoted him posthumously to Obersturmbannführer on June 3, 1942 (effective June 1, 1942) .

Schalburgkreuz; The inscription "Troskab Vor Ære" is the Danish translation of the SS slogan " My honor means loyalty ".
Schalburg Corps, October 17, 1943

Schalburg Corps

A Danish SS unit, the Schalburgkorps , was named after him. When the resistance with sabotage increased in Denmark as a result of the course of the war , this unit participated in attacks from January 1944 until it was disbanded in the spring of 1945, either against persons suspected of the resistance or their property, or against resistance should be put (e.g. the stop on the tram depot in Aarhus ). In the official language of the occupying power , these acts were called counter- sabotage or counter-terror . Since the background of the attacks was easily understandable, the pun, Schalburgtage , which is still in use today, prevailed among the population . The eponymous Danish award, the Schalburg Cross was awarded to members of the Schalburg Corps.

literature

  • Matthias Bath : The SD in Denmark 1940-1945. Heydrich's elite and counter-terror . Neuhaus, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-937294-03-2
  • Hector Boeck m.fl .: Danmarks Hær. Selskabet til Udgivelse af Kulturskrifter. Bind 1,2. 1934/35.
  • Johannes Brøndsted , Knud Gedde: De fem long Aar. Bind 1,2,3, Nordisk Forlag, København, 1947.
  • Claus B. Christensen m.fl .: Under Hagekors og Dannebrog. Aschehoug, 1999.
  • Leif Davidsen m.fl .: Østfronten - Danskere i krig, Høst og Søn. Værløse, 1999.
  • Carsten Due-Nielsen m.fl. (Red.): Historisk tidsskrift Bind 95 -Hæfte 1, Den danske historiske forening, København, 1995.
  • Erik Høgh-Sørensen: Dansk dødspatrulje. Askholms forlag, "Libertas", 1998.
  • H. Klint: Frikorps Danmarks dagbog 7 / 5-11 / 8 1942. Richard Levin og Co., København 1978.
  • Oluf Krabbe: Danske soldater i kamp på Østfronten 1941-1945. Odense Universitetsforlag, Odense 1976.
  • David Littlejohn: Foreign Legions of the Third Reich. Bind 1, Bender Publishing, 1987.
  • Erik H. Nielsen: Fjendeland. Modus, Aalborg 1995.
  • Børge Outze: Denmark under the Andes verdenskrig. Bind 1,2,3, Gyldendal , København 1968.
  • Andreas M. Pedersen: Schalburg Corpset. Odense Universitetsforlag, Odense 2000.
  • Henning Poulsen: Besættelsesmagt og de danske nazister. Gyldendal, København 1970.
  • Ole Ravn: Dansk nationalsocialistisk literature 1930-1945. Berlingske, København 1979.
  • Reinhard Rürup : The war against the Soviet Union 1941-1945. Argon, Berlin 1991.
  • Louis L. Snyder: Encyclopedia of the Third Reich. Wordsworth Military Library, Kent, 1998.
  • Steffen Werther: Danish volunteers in the Waffen SS. Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Berlin, Berlin 2004. ISBN 3-86573-036-1
  • Mikkel Kirkebæk: Schalburg , Gyldendal, Copenhagen 2008.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b Register sheets of the police . Københavns Stadsarkiv, May 1, 1920 (in Danish).
  2. ^ Matthias Bath: The SD in Denmark 1940-1945. Heydrich's elite and counter-terror . Neuhaus, Berlin 2015, p. 129