Chickpeas (genus)

Chickpeas
	Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum )
Systematics
	Eurosiden I
Order :	Fabales (Fabales)
Family :	Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily :	Butterflies (Faboideae)
Tribe :	Cicereae
Genre :	Chickpeas
Scientific name of the tribe
	Cicereae
	Aleph.
Scientific name of the genus
	Cicer
	L.

Chickpea ( Cicer ) is the only genus of the tribe Cicereae within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and contains 40 to 43 plant species. The main distribution center of the genus Cicer is in Southwest Asia. The most important species in this genus is the heat- loving chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ), which was cultivated as a useful plant in the Middle East more than 8000 years ago .

description

Illustration of the chickpea ( Cicer arietinum )

The chickpeas are annual to perennial herbaceous plants that occasionally lignify. The stems are erect or ascending. The plant parts are covered with glandular hair. The leaves are pinnate, with three to many pinna flake , and the terminal leaflets may be converted to a Ranke. The leaflets are serrated on the edge. The stipules are serrated on the edge.

The flowers appear singly or in pairs to five in lateral, racemose inflorescences . The calyx is oblique or domed at the base, with five free tips. The flag is nailed wide at its base, with no side appendages. Nine of the ten stamens have grown together. The bald stylus is curved.

The legume contains one to ten round, beaked seeds .

Distribution map of the genus chickpeas

Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ) with flower and fruit

Preparation of chickpeas ( Cicer arietinum ) as hummus with pine nuts

Systematics and distribution

The chickpeas are mainly found from the Mediterranean region to Central Asia. A particularly large number of species occur in Tajikistan. In northeastern tropical Africa and on the Canary Islands, however, there are still species of chickpeas.

The genus of the chickpeas ( Cicer ) is the only genus in the tribe Cicereae. It is classified in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae) within the legume family (Fabaceae). It is related to the tribe Fabeae and Trifolieae and the genus Galega . It contains the following types:

There are 40 to 45 species of Cicer with the following occurrences:

Cicer acanthophyllum Boriss. : It occurs in Afghanistan, Pakistan and Tajikistan

Cicer anatolicum Aleph. : It occurs in Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Armenia

Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L. ): It is grown in many areas of the world; There is no reliable information about its origin, perhaps from Turkey.

Cicer atlanticum Maire : It occurs only in Morocco .

Cicer balcaricum Galushko : It occurs in the Caucasus

Cicer baldshuanicum (Popov) Lincz. : It occurs in Tajikistan

Cicer bijugum Rech.f. : It occurs in the Middle East .

Cicer canariense A.Santos & GPLewis : It occurs in the Canaries (Tenerife, La Palma)

Cicer chorassanicum (Bunge) Popov : It occurs in Afghanistan and Iran

Cicer cuneatum A. Rich. : It occurs in North Africa and in Arabia

Cicer echinospermum P.H.Davis : Home is Asia Minor .

Cicer fedtschenkoi Lincz. : Home: West and Central Asia

Cicer flexuosum Lipsky : Homeland: Central Asia

Cicer floribundum Fenzl : Home is Asia Minor.

Cicer graecum Boiss. : It only occurs in Greece .

Cicer grande (Popov) Korotkova : It only occurs in Uzbekistan

Cicer heterophyllum Contand. & al. : The home is Asia Minor.

Cicer incanum Korotkova : Homeland: Tajikistan

Cicer incisum (Willd.) K.Maly : It occurs in Greece, Crete and the Middle East.

Cicer isauricum P.H.Davis : Home is Asia Minor.

Cicer judaicum Boiss. : It occurs in the Middle East.

Cicer kermanense Bornm. : It only occurs in Iran

Cicer korshinskyi Lincz. : It occurs only in Iran and Tajikistan

Cicer laetum Rassulova & Sharipova : Home: Tajikistan

Cicer luteum Rassulova & Sharipova : Home: Tajikistan

Cicer macracanthum Popov : Home: West and Central Asia, India, Pakistan

Cicer microphyllum Benth. : It is widespread from Xinjiang, western Xizang through eastern Afghanistan, northern India, Kashmir, northern Pakistan to western Nepal.

Cicer mogoltavicum (Popov) AS Korol. : Homeland: Tajikistan

Cicer montbretii Jaub. & Spach : It comes in Albania , Bulgaria and in Turkey before

Cicer multijugum Maesen : Home: Afghanistan

Cicer nuristanicum Kitam. : Home: Afghanistan, India, Pakistan

Cicer oxyodon Boiss. & High. : Home: Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq

Cicer paucijugum (Popov) Nevski : Home: Kazakhstan, Tajikistan

Cicer pinnatifidum Jaub. & Spach : It occurs in the Middle East.

Cicer pungens Boiss. : Home: Afghanistan, Tajikistan

Cicer rassuloviae Lincz. : Homeland: Tajikistan

Cicer rechingeri Podlech : Home: Afghanistan

Cicer reticulatum Ladiz. : The home is Asia Minor.

Cicer songaricum DC. : Home: Central Asia

Cicer spiroceras Jaub. & Spach : Home: Iran

Cicer stapfianum Rech.f. : Home: Iran (Fars)

Cicer subaphyllum Boiss. : Home: Iran (Fars)

Cicer tragacanthoides Jaub. & Spach : Home: Afghanistan, Iran, Turkmenistan

Cicer uludereensis Donmez : Origin : Turkey

Cicer yamashitae Kitam. : Home: Afghanistan

swell

Bojian Bao & Nicholas J. Turland: Cicereae , p. 546 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 10 - Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 (Description and Systematics Sections)

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bojian Bao & Nicholas J. Turland: Cicereae , p. 546 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 10 - Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7

^ SI Ali: Cicer . In: SI Ali, M. Qaiser (Ed.): Flora of Pakistan . tape 100 , 1977, pp. 259 ( eFloras.org ).

↑ Yasuhiko Endo, Hiroyoshi Ohashi: Cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships among tribes Cicereae, Trifolieae, and Vicieae (Leguminosae) . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 84 , no. 4 , 1997, p. 523-529 ( [1] ).

↑ AMR Davies, N. Maxted, LJG van der Maesen: A natural infrageneric classification for Cicer (Leguminosae, Cicereae) . In: Blumea . tape 52 , 2007, p. 379-400 ( PDF ). PDF ( Memento of the original from February 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2
↑ Data sheet at International Legume Database Information Service = ILDIS - LegumeWeb - World Database of Legumes , Version 10.38 from July 20, 2010.
↑ Euro + Med, 2010 - from ILDIS, 2005.
↑ Fabaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 27, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Chickpeas ( Cicer ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[FoC-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Bojian Bao & Nicholas J. Turland: Cicereae , p. 546 - the same text online as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China , Volume 10 - Fabaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2010. ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7

[FoP-2] SI Ali: Cicer . In: SI Ali, M. Qaiser (Ed.): Flora of Pakistan . tape 100 , 1977, pp. 259 ( eFloras.org ).

[Endo-3] Yasuhiko Endo, Hiroyoshi Ohashi: Cladistic analysis of phylogenetic relationships among tribes Cicereae, Trifolieae, and Vicieae (Leguminosae) . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 84 , no. 4 , 1997, p. 523-529 ( [1] ).