Claus Dietrich von Sperreuth

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Claus Dietrich Freiherr von Sperreuther (also Sperreuth) (* around 1600 ; † January 9/20, 1653 in Innsbruck ) was a general during the Thirty Years' War and served on different sides.

Life

He may have come from Mecklenburg. Sperreuther initially took part in the Bohemian War and then entered service in Lüneburg , before entering Danish military service in 1621. He then served under Ernst von Mansfeld . In 1623 he joined the Swedish army. Sperreuther took part in the campaign against Poland with the rank of major in 1628 and was appointed colonel in 1631. As such, he took part in the battle of the Alte Veste near Zirndorf in 1632. At times he was in the service of Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar .

In 1632, King Gustav Adolf of Sweden ordered him to set up collection and sampling points in the Ellwangen Abbey and in the imperial city of Dinkelsbühl . He was also supposed to militarily occupy parts of Swabia and Franconia . In 1633 the Willibaldsburg near Eichstätt was transferred to him. To settle the debts that Sweden owed to the war entrepreneur Sperreuth, property worth the outstanding 100,000 thalers was transferred to the town of Wemding and property of the Kirchheim monastery . His attempt to sell the land to the Count of Hohenlohe at this value failed. Militarily, among other things, he was not up to Johann von Werth . He was also involved in the defeat of Nördlingen . In addition, Eichstätt was lost. He then briefly commanded the Swedish army in Westphalia in 1635. When Mecklenburg accepted the Peace of Prague in 1635 , he resigned from the Swedish service.

He then served again in Lüneburg, then Hessian and finally imperial services. He was in the rank of major general. In 1636 he was appointed sergeant general. In the battle of Rheinfelden in 1638 he was captured by Bernhard von Weimar . He took part in the second Battle of Breitenfeld in 1642 . From 1646 he was in the Venetian service. Most recently he returned to the imperial service and was governor in the Habsburg Front Austria in Freiburg im Breisgau . He had also been elevated to the status of imperial baron by the emperor .

reception

The dramaturge Ludwig Stark lets Sperreuth appear in his Historical Festival, which premiered in 1897. The drama focuses on the non-violent surrender of the imperial city of Dinkelsbühl to the Swedish colonel Sperreuth on May 11, 1632. The festival is performed annually at the Dinkelsbühl children's mine to this day.

Theodor Fontane describes the betrayal of Sperreuter and conversion with the Sperreuterischen Regiment to the imperial in the year 1636 in the walks through the Mark Brandenburg .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ Christian Kodritzki: To, review 'by Günther Hebert, Munich Word Document
  3. ↑ s: Description of the Oberamt Ellwangen / Chapter B 1
  4. ^ Günther Hebert: Review of: Christian Kodritzki, Schwedenzeit in Franken und Schwaben. Conquests, occupation times and consequences of the first Swedish advance south in the Thirty Years War. In: Francia-Recensio 2012/3 online
  5. ^ David Parrot: The Business of War: Military Enterprise and Military Revolution in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, 2012 p. 130 Google Books p.130
  6. ^ William P. Guthrie: The Later Thirty Years War: From the Battle of Wittstock to the Treaty of Westphalia. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2003, ISBN 978-0-313-32408-6 , p. 82 Google Books
  7. ↑ Chapter 70 in the Gutenberg project

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Sperreuth, Claus Dietrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Sperreuther, Claus Dietrich Freiherr von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION General during the Thirty Years' War
DATE OF BIRTH around 1600
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1653 or January 20, 1653