Codex Palatinus germanicus 142

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Cod. Pal. Germ. 142, sheet 10v: Pontus and Sidonia - The King of Britain receives the children and decides about their future

The Codex Palatinus germanicus 142 is a late medieval manuscript from the former Bibliotheca Palatina in Heidelberg . The manuscript belongs to the Codices Palatini germanici , the German-language manuscripts of the Palatina, which have been kept in the Heidelberg University Library since 1816 ; The signature of the Heidelberg University Library and the common scientific name is Cod. Pal. germ. 142 (short form: Cpg 142 ).

The codex was made by the workshop of Ludwig Henfflin on behalf of Margaret of Savoy around 1475 , probably in Stuttgart.

The illuminated manuscript contains the contemporary popular court novel Pontus und Sidonia in a German translation of the French text from around 1400.

description

Cod. Pal. Germ. 142, sheet 14v: Pontus and Sidonia - Sidonia receives Pontus for the first time
Cod. Pal. Germ. 142, sheet 28r: Pontus and Sidonia - Pontus helps the King of Britain in the turmoil
Cod. Pal. Germ. 142, sheet 40v: Pontus and Sidonia - Pontus instructs the dwarf to spread the invitation to his tournament
Cod. Pal. Germ. 142, sheet 93r: Pontus and Sidonia - The disguised Pontus reveals himself to Sidonia

The Codex is a paper manuscript with 140 sheets. The foliation of the 17th century counts sheets 1–135 with text, the counting of sheets 63–66 and 67–135 was subsequently corrected. The sheets 1 * and 2 * are provided with modern numbers, as are sheets 136 * –138 *. The noticeable soiling of sheets 44v ( end of layer ) and 45r (beginning of layer) could indicate that the Codex was not bound for a long time.

The sheet size of the manuscript is 30.1 × 21 cm, with a writing space of 20.5–21.5 × 13–14 cm with 30 to 35 lines per page. Written form is a bastarda from one hand, the scribe D of the Henfflin workshop , who is also the scribe of Cod. Pal. germ. 152 was. The picture headings are done in red; red Lombards stretch over three to nine lines, and numerous cadelles (ink-colored and red) adorn the manuscript. A custodian is preserved on sheet 93r (“9”).

The handwriting as a whole is exposed to incipient ink corrosion . The parchment binding was supplemented in Rome in the 17th century.

Miniatures

The manuscript is richly illustrated with 131 colored pen drawings on the 135 text sheets; the miniatures are provided with simple frames in different colors and each take up between a third and a half of a page. The draftsman is draftsman A of the Henfflin workshop , first named by Hans Wegener (1927) , who, following Wegener, was, with a few exceptions, also draftsman of all other pictures in the workshop manuscripts. Wegener generally judges the illustrations by draftsman A to be “quite insignificant” and criticizes the “calmness of the pictures without affecting” as “stiff and empty elegance”. For Cod. Pal. Germ. 142 , however, he recognizes a deeper and more richly structured representation of the landscape than in the other works.

The more recent research of the 20th and 21st centuries, on the other hand, emphasizes the entertaining character of the image sequences and the clarity of the depictions from the Henfflin workshop , also sees the effort to gain perspective compared to earlier Alsatian illustrators and emphasizes the correctness of the proportions in the figure representation. Only the facial expressions are described as "largely expressionless", the faces often show "a cheerfulness that does not match the text". However, the draftsman obviously did not intend to deepen special emotions beyond the text with his representations; his "interest [...] lies in the plot, not in its psychological motivation." The specialty of the drawings is their modern narrative character and the richness of detail in the representations. The illustrator from the Henfflin workshop designed “illustration cycles” for the various literary works and often used the trick of “simultaneous illustration” by depicting successive situations of a story in parallel in a single representation.

origin

The manuscript was made by Ludwig Henfflin's workshop around 1475 , probably in Stuttgart. The writing language is Lower Alemannic with Swabian forms.

The client was Margarethe von Savoyen (1420–1479), who was married to Ulrich V (1413–1480), Count of Württemberg-Stuttgart , in her third marriage . The only child from her second marriage to the Palatinate Elector Ludwig IV (1424–1449), Elector Philipp von der Pfalz (1448–1508) inherited the manuscript after Margaret's death in 1479. The manuscript came from Stuttgart to Heidelberg and became later Part of the Bibliotheca Palatina .

Presumably, Cod. Pal. germ. 142 of a manuscript that was recorded in the cataloging of the older castle library in 1556/59 with the catalog entry: Pontus written on paper with beautiful outlined figures. 1.2.12. ; When cataloged in 1581, the codex was then recorded in the catalog of the Heiliggeistbibliothek with the entry Ritter Pontus geschriben papir, figuren, bretter, rott leder, bucklen .

In the 16th century, the library title Pontus was entered on sheet 1r above the writing room. The table of contents on the front mirror is an entry by the librarian Hermann Finke from the 20th century; A small inventory label of the Heidelberg University Library from the 19th or the beginning of the 20th century is stuck to the lower edge of the front mirror.

Like the other manuscripts of the Electoral Palatinate Libraries, the Codex came into the possession of the Vatican Library in Rome after the conquest of the Electoral Palatinate in the Thirty Years War in 1622 and was only brought to Heidelberg in 1816 with the other German-language holdings of the Palatina as part of the regulations during the Congress of Vienna returned.

Content

The only content of the Codex is Pontus and Sidonia , a late medieval courtly novel that goes back to the prose novel Ponthus et la belle Sidoyne , written in France around the turn of the 15th century .

The eponymous hero Pontus is a prince from the Kingdom of Galicia ; this was conquered by the Moors , and Pontus ended up with other children of the Galician nobility in the Kingdom of Britannia ( Brittany ). After adventurous tests, the ideal knight succeeds in marrying the British king's daughter Sidonia against much opposition and finally recapturing his kingdom.

The Heidelberg manuscript Cod. Pal. Germ. 142 is the adaptation of an anonymous translation into Early New High German ( version B ), so it does not go back to the more popular, often reprinted translation of Eleonores of Austria ( version A ). However, the text editing by the Henfflin workshop was done in such an independent way that although the dependency of the text on version B remained recognizable, there is actually a new version in which the overall aim of the editorial team is to tighten the text (mainly through the removal of lists of names and rhetorical repetitions / variations) and that it is broken down into smaller parts through the systematic use of the illustrations. As a result, the work appears more modern overall, more oriented towards the course of the plot.

See also

literature

  • Karin Zimmermann : Cod. Pal. Germ. 142. 'Pontus and Sidonia'. In: Karin Zimmermann (arrangement), with the participation of Sonja Glauch, Matthias Miller, Armin Schlechter: The Codices Palatini germanici in the Heidelberg University Library (Cod. Pal. Germ. 1–181). Catalogs of the Heidelberg University Library, Volume 6. Reichert Verlag , Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 978-3-89500-152-9 , pp. 313-314 ( digitized version ).

Older catalogs:

  • Karl Bartsch : Pontus and Sidonia. Pal. germ. 142. In: Karl Bartsch: The old German manuscripts of the university library in Heidelberg . Catalog of the manuscripts of the University Library in Heidelberg, Volume 1. Verlag von Gustav Koester, Heidelberg 1887, No. 84, p. 35 ( digitized version ).
  • Hans Wegener : Pontus and Sidonia. pal. germ. 142. In: Hans Wegener: Descriptive directory of the German picture manuscripts of the late Middle Ages in the Heidelberg University Library . Verlagbuchhandlung J. J. Weber, Leipzig 1927, p. 81 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Cod. Pal. germ. 142  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ The information in this section and the subsections follow, unless otherwise noted, the description by Karin Zimmermann: Cod. Pal. germ. 142 . In: The Codices Palatini germanici in the Heidelberg University Library (Cod. Pal. Germ. 1–181) . Wiesbaden 2003, p. 313 ( digitized version ; accessed April 12, 2020).
  2. ^ Hans Wegener, Die Werkstatt des Ludwig Hennflin , Descriptive Directory [...] , Leipzig 1927, p. 71 ( digitized version ); accessed April 15, 2020. For details on the illustrations Henrike Lähnemann : Pontus and Sidonia . Introduction to literary history and description of the manuscript [Cpg 142] ( Online (PDF) , Manuscripta Mediaevalia ; accessed April 17, 2020). Part of: Pontus and Sidonia . Color microfiche edition of the Heidelberg manuscript, University Library, Cod. Pal. germ. 142 (= Codices illuminati medii aevi 52). Edition Helga Lengenfelder, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-89219-052-6 , section The illustrations , pp. 21-25; Lähnemann also provides a complete list of picture headings (transcriptions), pp. 32–38.
  3. ↑ Hans Wegener, Descriptive Directory [...] , Leipzig 1927, pp. 75–76 ( digitized version ); accessed April 15, 2020.
  4. ↑ Hans Wegener: Pontus and Sidonia . In: Descriptive Directory ... , Leipzig 1927, p. 81 ( digitized version ; accessed April 15, 2020).
  5. ↑ Ulrike Spyra, Maria Effinger: Swabian workshop of Ludwig Henfflin , Heidelberg University Library 03/2012; accessed April 15, 2020.
  6. ^ Henrike Lähnemann: Pontus and Sidonia . Introduction to literary history and description of the manuscript [Cpg 142] ( Online (PDF) , Manuscripta Mediaevalia ). Part of: Pontus and Sidonia . Color microfiche edition of the Heidelberg manuscript, University Library, Cod. Pal. germ. 142 (= Codices illuminati medii aevi 52). Edition Helga Lengenfelder, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-89219-052-6 , p. 22.
  7. ↑ Ulrike Spyra, Maria Effinger: Cod. Pal. germ. 16-18: 3-volume bible, AT, German , UB-Heidelberg 03/2012; accessed April 15, 2020.
  8. ↑ Unless otherwise noted, the information in this section follows the description by Karin Zimmermann: Cod. Pal. germ. 142 . In: The Codices Palatini germanici in the Heidelberg University Library (Cod. Pal. Germ. 1–181) . Wiesbaden 2003, p. 313 ( digitized version ; accessed April 12, 2020).
  9. ↑ Cod. Pal. lat. 1937, sheet 81r ( digitized version of the catalog page , Heidelberg University Library; accessed April 15, 2020).
  10. ↑ Cod. Pal. lat. 1951, p. 58 ( digitized version of the catalog page , Heidelberg University Library; accessed April 15, 2020).
  11. ↑ Historical overview on the website of the Heidelberg University Library : The Bibliotheca Palatina - Fates of a world-famous library ; accessed April 15, 2020. Detailed description with further information by Karin Zimmermann in: The Codices Palatini germanici in the Heidelberg University Library (Cod. Pal. germ. 1–181) . Wiesbaden 2003, Introduction , pp. XI – XXVIII ( digitized version ; accessed April 11, 2020).
  12. ↑ Unless otherwise noted, the information in this section follows the description by Karin Zimmermann: Cod. Pal. germ. 142 . In: The Codices Palatini germanici in the Heidelberg University Library (Cod. Pal. Germ. 1–181) . Wiesbaden 2003, p. 314 ( digitized version ; accessed April 12, 2020).
  13. ↑ Brief overview in Spyra / Effinger: Cod. Pal. germ. 142: 'Pontus and Sidonia' , section The content , website of the Heidelberg University Library, 09/2008; accessed April 15, 2020. The content of all versions, both in French and in the translations, is largely the same; Henrike Lähnemann gives a detailed overview of the contents: Pontus and Sidonia . Introduction to literary history and description of the manuscript [Cpg 142] ( Online (PDF) , Manuscripta Mediaevalia ; accessed April 15, 2020). Part of: Pontus and Sidonia . Color microfiche edition of the Heidelberg manuscript, University Library, Cod. Pal. germ. 142 (= Codices illuminati medii aevi 52). Edition Helga Lengenfelder, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-89219-052-6 , pp. 7–9.
  14. ↑ For the text cf. Xenja von Ertzdorff : 'Pontus and Sidonia' (Version B) . In: The German literature of the Middle Ages, author's lexicon , Volume 7. De Gruyter Publishing House , Berlin / New York 1989/2010 (VL 2 ), Sp. 780–782.
  15. ^ Henrike Lähnemann: Pontus and Sidonia . Introduction to literary history and description of the manuscript [Cpg 142] ( Online (PDF) , Manuscripta Mediaevalia ). Part of: Pontus and Sidonia . Color microfiche edition of the Heidelberg manuscript, University Library, Cod. Pal. germ. 142 (= Codices illuminati medii aevi 52). Edition Helga Lengenfelder, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-89219-052-6 , pp. 13-20.