Cohors I Raetorum (Raetia)

This article deals with the Cohors I Raetorum stationed in the province of Raetia . For other units with this name see Cohors I Raetorum .

The military diploma of Mogetissa dated June 30, 107 AD ( CIL 16, 55 )

The Cohors I Raetorum ( German  1st cohort of the Raetians ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions and brick stamps.

Name components

• Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

• I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...

• Raetorum : the Rhaetians . The soldiers of the cohort were during installation of the unit from the people of Rhaetians in the area of the Roman province Raetia recruited. According to Tacitus, the Raetians' auxiliary troops were set up at two different times: after the conquest of Raetia around 15 BC. And around 70 AD as a result of the Helvetian uprising.

• pia fidelis : loyal and loyal. The addition may appear in an inscription and on a brick.

Since there are no references to the additions to the name milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors quingenaria peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in Raetia Province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 107 to 167/168 AD.

The cohort was probably set up around 70. The first evidence of unity in Raetia is based on a diploma dated 107. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Raetia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 116 to 167/168, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

Cohort locations in Raetia may have been:

• Fort Schirenhof : an inscription and a brick with the stamp of the unity were found here. The unit was probably stationed in Schirenhof from the 160s until the fall of the Limes around 254.
• Freimühle small fort : in this facility near Schirenhof, which was built by the Cohors I Raetorum, a department of this cohort could also have been detached.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

[] us Severus: he is named on a diploma of 157 ( RMD 3, 170 ) as a commander. Gaius Caelius Martialis , a prefect Gaius Cassius Primus , a prefect Gaius Rasinius Tettianus , a prefect

Marcus Petronius Honoratus , a prefect M (arcus) Pon [tius] [] tius, a prefect ( CIL 11, 3101 ) Publius Besius Betuinianus Gaius Marius Memmius Sabinus , a prefect

Others

• [?]: a diploma of 157 ( RMD 3, 170 ) was issued to him.

See also

List of Roman auxiliary units

Roman forces in Raetia

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Raetorum (Raetia)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

• Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia , dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015 ( PDF )
• Emil Ritterling , Edmund Groag : The imperial officials and troops in Roman Germany under the principate . Seidel & Sohn, Vienna 1932, pp. 205–206.
• John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

1. ↑ The scenario given here is based on three cohorts: the Cohors I Raetorum (Germania) , which was stationed in the province of Germania inferior , the Cohors I Raetorum (Moesia) , which was stationed in the provinces of Moesia , Cappadocia and Asia , and the Cohors I Raetorum (Raetia) , which was stationed in the province of Raetia .
2. ↑ ^{a b} The diploma is incomplete. The commander and the discharged soldier belonged to either the Cohors I Raetorum or the Cohors II Raetorum .
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} The exact assignment to one of the three units with the name Cohors I Raetorum is not possible or is controversial.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Farkas István Gergő, The Roman Army in Raetia , pp. 158–159, 244–259, 421–423, 462–463, 464–466.
2. ↑ Inscription with pia fidelis ( CIL 3, 11924 ).
3. ↑ Bricks with pia fidelis ( IBR 00505 ).
4. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 107 ( CIL 16, 55 ), 117 ( RMD 4, 229 ), 128/133 ( AE 2005, 1150 ), 138/140 ( RMD 2, 94 ), 139 ( RMD 5, 386 ), 139 / 141 ( RMD 1, 59 ), 147 ( CIL 16, 94 ), 151/170 ( RMD 1, 51 ), 154/161 ( CIL 16, 117 , RMD 3, 175 ), 156 ( CIL 16, 183 ), 157 ( RMD 3, 170 , RMM 00038 ), 160 ( RMD 4, 278 ), 162 ( CIL 16, 118 ), 166 ( CIL 16, 121 ) and 167/168 ( RMD 1, 68 ).
5. ^ ^{A b} John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 274-278.
6. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 160 table 4 ( PDF ).
7. ↑ Inscription from Schirenhof ( CIL 3, 11924 ).
8. ↑ Bricks from Schirenhof ( IBR 00505 ).