Cosmopterix attenuatella
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Cosmopterix attenuatella |
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| ( Walker , 1864) |
Cosmopterix attenuatella is a butterfly ( moth ) fromthe splendor butterfly family (Cosmopterigidae).
features
The moths reach a wingspan of 9 to 10 millimeters. The head has a gray-white forehead ( frons ), the vertex ( vertex ) and the tuft of the neck are brown. There are white lines on the sides and in the middle. The neck collar is brown. The first segment of the labial palps is very short, the second segment is 4/5 as long as the third, white inside and brown outside and drawn with a white longitudinal line. The third segment is white, there are brown lines on the sides.
The base segment of the antennae is brown and has a white line at the front. Ventrally it is white. The antennae flagella is dark brown and drawn with a broken line that extends from the base to 2/3 of the antennae length. At the beginning of the second half of the sensor, two white segments are followed by a brown segment. At 3/4 of the probe length there are two white rings that consist of two segments. These are separated by two brown segments. The antennae has a further white ring of three segments subapical and five brown segments at the tip.
The thorax and tegulae are brown. The thorax has a white center line, the tegulae are drawn inside with a line. The legs are gray-brown, the femora of the middle and rear legs are paler. The tibia and tarsal limbs of the forelegs have a white line. The tibia of the middle legs have an oblique white line and a white apical ring basal and medial. The tarsal links have a very broad, white apical ring. The fifth tarsal link is completely white. The tibiae of the hind legs are colored in the same way as those of the middle legs. The first tarsal phalanx of the hind legs has a white basal ring and a white apical ring. The second to fourth segments of the tarsi have yellowish white apical rings, the fifth segment of the tarsi is completely yellowish white. The spurs are white and ventrally have a dark gray line.
The forewings are dark brown and drawn with four narrow white lines in the basal region. The subcostal line extends from the base of the wing to 1/5 of the fore wing length and curves distally away from the costal vein . The medial line is above the anal fold and extends from the first fifth to the first third of the fore wing length. The subdorsal line is as long as the medial line or a little longer and is a little further from the base of the wing. The dorsal line extends from the base of the wing to 1/3 of the fore wing length. The white line drawing of the basal region is slightly variable, especially in the medial and subdorsal line.
A bright dark yellow to orange transverse band is located behind the middle of the wing. It tapers towards the inner edge of the wing and is thinly extended in the middle towards the apex . Inside it borders on a bumpy, pale gold band. This does not extend to the Costa loader and runs slightly inwards. On the outside there is a patch of blackish scales , which is surrounded on the outer edge by two bumpy, pale gold costal and dorsal spots. The dorsal spot is approximately twice the size of the costal spot. The latter is bordered by a white costal line on the outside. Both spots are outlined in dark brown on the inside. The white apical line is usually narrower or interrupted in the middle. The fringed scales are dark brown and paler on the inner wing edge. The hind wings are gray-brown and also have gray-brown fringed scales.
The abdomen is dorsally brown, the segments are spotted orange-brown. It is gray on the sides and dark gray on the ventral side . The segments are banded in white at the back. The anus tufts of the males are ocher, in the females it is brown and has a white spot ventrally.
In the male, the right brachium is hook-shaped and has a flat, sharp point. It's about three times as long as the left brachium. The upper edge of the valves is strongly concave , the lower edge is slightly concave, the caudal edge is convex . The valvellae are slender, arched and pointed. The aedeagus is arrow-shaped and very narrow. The front part is slightly curved upwards, the rear part is short and widens distally.
In females, the rear edge of the 7th sternite is straight. The 8th segment is twice as wide as it is long. The ostium bursae is elongated. The sterigma is bottle-shaped. The ductus bursae is very narrow and more than twice as long as the corpus bursae. The corpus bursae is elongated and has no signa.
Similar species
Cosmopterix attenuatella is similar to Cosmopterix crassicervicella , but differs from this species by the broken line on the antennae, which extend from the base to 2/3 of the antennae length. The forewings are more elongated and about ten times as long as they are wide. In the basal region , the midline and subdorsal line are almost opposite. The abdomen is dorsally brown, the segments are dotted orange-brown.
distribution
Cosmopterix attenuatella occurs in Madeira , the Canary Islands and in the tropical regions of the Old and New World . All reports from mainland Europe refer to Cosmopterix crassicervicella .
biology
The caterpillars develop on ledges ( Scirpus ) and nutgrass ( Cyperus rotundus ). They mine in the leaves and start the mine at the tip of the leaf. The mini grows down and takes up the whole leaf. Balls of feces are visible in the mine. Older areas of the mine are turning brown and withering, while freshly eaten sections are pale yellow. The caterpillars pupate in the mine in an elongated, white cocoon . In the south of the temperate zone , the species is thought to form two generations; in the tropics, moths can be found throughout the year.
Systematics
The following synonyms are known:
- Cosmopteryx mimetis Meyrick , 1897
- Cosmopteryx flavofasciata Wollastone , 1879
- Gelechia attenuatella Walker , 1864
- Cosmopteryx apiculata Meyrick , 1922
- Cosmopteryx antillia Forbes , 1931
- Cosmopteryx venefica Meyrick , 1915
- Cosmopterix apiculata Meyrick , 1922
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f J. C. Koster, S. Yu. Sinev: Momphidae, Batrachedridae, Stathmopodidae, Agonoxenidae, Cosmopterigidae, Chrysopeleiidae . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 5 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2003, ISBN 87-88757-66-8 , pp. 116 (English).
- ^ A b J. C. Koster (2010): The genera Cosmopterix Hübner and Pebobs Hodges in the New World with special attention to the Neotropical fauna (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae). Zool. Med. Leiden 84 (10), pp. 251-575, ISSN 0024-0672 .
- ↑ Cosmopterix attenuatella in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved January 11, 2012