Kodungallur
| Kodungallur കൊടുങ്ങല്ലൂർ |
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| State : |
 India
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| State : | Kerala | ||
| District : | Thrissure | ||
| Location : | 10 ° 13 ' N , 76 ° 12' E | ||
| Height : | 12 m | ||
| Area : | 17.3 km² | ||
| Residents : | 33,935 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 1962 Ew./km² | ||
| Website : | www.kodungalloormunicipality.in | ||
Kodungallur ( Malayalam : കൊടുങ്ങല്ലൂർ Koṭuṅṅallūr [ ˈkoɖuŋːalːuːɾ ]), formerly Cranganore , is a town in the Thrissur district in the southern Indian state of Kerala with just under 35,000 inhabitants. The city is located on the Malabar Coast around five kilometers inland at the mouth of the Periyar River in the Arabian Sea . The nearest major cities are Kochi 32 kilometers south and Thrissur 42 kilometers northeast.
history
Today's Kodungallur is widely equated with the ancient Muziris . Muziris was a flourishing port of the Chera empire, from which between the 1st century BC. There was a brisk trade with the Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and in the 5th century AD and is mentioned in numerous ancient Greco-Roman sources (including in the Periplus Maris Erythraei and in Pliny the Elder and Claudius Ptolemy ).
The apostle Thomas is said to have landed in Muziris in AD 52 and brought Christianity to Kerala. Due to the sea trade, Jews and Muslims were also present very early. The decline of Muziris began when its port was destroyed by a flood in 1341. As a result, Kochi (Cochin) became the most important port on the Malabar coast.
The long assumed identity of Muziris and Kodungallur was recently called into question by archaeological investigations: While excavations in Kodungallur did not uncover anything, fragments of ancient wine amphoras were found in Pattanam, around ten kilometers from Kodungallur, in 2004.
In the 16th century, Kodungallur, known as Cranganore during this period , came under the influence of European colonial powers. In 1523 the Portuguese built a fortress in Kodungallur. This was taken by the Dutch in 1662 . In 1790 the troops of the Mysore ruler Tipu Sultan destroyed the fortress and took Kodungallur. After Tipu Sultan was defeated by the British in the Mysore Wars , they placed Kodungallur under the administration of the Kingdom of Cochin , which had meanwhile been degraded to a vassal state . After Indian independence in 1947, Cochin united with the Princely State of Travancore to form the Travancore-Cochin Federation and joined the Indian Union. In 1956 Kodungallur came as part of the Thrissur district to the newly established state of Kerala.
Attractions
- The Bagavathi temple, built at the time of the Chera king Cheran Senkuttuvan , known for the Bharani festival and the Thalappoli festival
- The Cheraman Friday Mosque , built by Malik ibn Dinar , reputedly the oldest mosque in India
- The Thomaskirche: This is where the Apostle Thomas is said to have landed in 52 and founded the first Christian community in India. There a hand relic of the saint from Ortona is venerated, a gift from Pope Pius XII. on the 1900th anniversary of the arrival of St. Thomas in India.
- The Thiruvanchikulam Mahadeva Temple is one of the oldest Shiva temples in South India.
- The Cranganore Fort was built by the Portuguese in 1503 and destroyed under Tipu Sultan . Today only ruins remain.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ www.census2011.co.in
- ↑ cf. Hermann Kulke and Dietmar Rothermund : History of India. Special edition: From the Indus culture to today , p. 136.
- ^ Project of the Department of Near Eastern Archeology, University of Bern on the Indian Ocean. ( Memento of the original from December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
