Crieff
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Crieff Scottish Gaelic Craoibh |
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| Coordinates | 56 ° 22 ′ N , 3 ° 50 ′ W | ||
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| Residents | 7368 2011 census | ||
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| Post town | CRIEFF | ||
| ZIP code section | PH4 | ||
| prefix | 01764 | ||
| Part of the country | Scotland | ||
| Council area | Perth and Kinross | ||
| British Parliament | Ochil and South Perthshire | ||
| Scottish Parliament | Perthshire South and Kinross-shire | ||
Crieff is the second largest city in the Perth and Kinross Council Area in Scotland . It is primarily a market town, but in recent times it has become a hub for local tourism, with a major emphasis on the history of its whiskey making and the cattle trade. Crieff has 7368 inhabitants.
history
For several centuries, the Highlanders came to the area south of Crieff to sell their black cattle, the meat and hide of which were enthusiastically requested by the urban populations of the Lowlands, Scotland and northern England . The town was a gathering place for the annual Michaelmas cattle sale, and the surrounding fields were black with tens of thousands of cattle.
During the “October Tryst”, as the cattle gathering was called at the time, Crieff was the prototype of a “Wild West town”: full of cattle, horse thieves, bandits and drunken cattle dealers. The inevitable murders were punished by hanging on the gallows, for which Crieff became famous across Europe .
At the beginning of the 18th century, the original gallows used by the early Celtic Earls of Strathearn had been replaced by a wooden structure in the Gallowhaugh area, now Gallowhill, at the foot of Burrel Street. The road, now simply called Ford Road, was then called Gallowford Road, and led behind the gallows to the crossing point over the River Earn . In such a prominent position, the Highlanders who drove along the main path could see the remains of those punished dangling overhead. The Highlanders touched their hats when they passed there and said the words, "God save you and the devil condemn you!" Lord Macauley's historiography speaks of a lot of people hanging in a row but the remains of the Gallows in the museum in Perth show that a maximum of six people could be hanged at the same time.
The people in town were mostly Presbyterian and anti- Jacobite . The landlords were mainly Catholic and Jacobite. Crieff was known for his pro-government stance - it was reported that only two people in the entire population supported the " Old Pretender ". (This was exaggerated, of course, but it showed the extent of the residents' feelings.)
Robert Roy MacGregor visited Crieff on many occasions, often to sell cattle. The outlawed son of Robert Roy was dragged through the streets of Crieff by soldiers and killed. In the second week of October in 1714, the Highlanders gathered in Crieff for the "October Tryst". During the day, Crieff was full of soldiers and government spies. Shortly after midnight, Rob Roy marched with his men to the Town Hall Square and rang the town bell. They sang Jacobite chants in front of the assembled crowd and drank to their uncrowned King James VIII , to whom they were loyal.
In 1716, 350 returning Highlanders, nearly defeated by John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll at the Battle of Sheriffmuir , burned most of the town of Crieff in retaliation. Fifteen years later, in 1731, James Drummond , the third Duke of Perth, built the city's central square, James Square, and started the textile industry with a linen factory. In 1745 the rising Highlanders tried to destroy the city again by fire. But she was saved by the Duke of Perth, who was a friend and supporter of Prince Charles, who was believed to be afraid for his factories. In February 1746, the Jacobite army was housed in and around the city, while Prince Charles Edward Stuart held his final council of war in the old Drummond Arms Inn in James Square, where the hotel is now. His horse was re-shod at the blacksmith on King Street. Later that month he held another meeting with his troops outside Fernton House, where the Crieff Golf Course is now.
The Ferntower stone circle is located on the golf course .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
From 1856 to 1967 there was a train station in Crieff; passenger traffic ended as early as 1964. Today, the nearest rail connection is about 10 kilometers southwest in Gleneagles on the Highland Main Line with daily direct connections to King's Cross station in London ; Geleagles train station was formerly called "Crieff Junction".
Culture
education
In 2009 a nature kindergarten, which has meanwhile won several awards, was established in the Auchlone Lodge by Crieff.
Personalities
Crieff was the birthplace of:
