Crupina vulgaris

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Crupina vulgaris
Common hatching seeds (Crupina vulgaris)

Common hatching seeds ( Crupina vulgaris )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Carduoideae
Tribe : Cynareae
Genre : Hatching seeds ( Crupina )
Type : Crupina vulgaris
Scientific name
Crupina vulgaris
Cass.

Crupina vulgaris or the common, common Schlu (ü) pfsame (n) , is a species of hatch seed ( Crupina ) in the sunflower family (Asteraceae).

description

Flower head of Crupina vulgaris
Fruit cluster
Achenes of Crupina vulgaris

Crupina vulgaris is an upright, slender, annual plant. Their stalk becomes 20–80 centimeters high and is leafed up to the branches. The basal, simple leaves are obovate, with entire margins to toothed, sessile or stalked and die off quickly. The stem leaves are sessile and pinnate, their leaf lobes are 0.5–1.5 millimeters wide, linear and serrated, spiky and ciliate. The green to purple, roof-shaped and narrow-egg-shaped shell is 8–15 millimeters long and 3–5 millimeters wide at the time of flowering. The head has only about 5–8 purple tubular flowers with subtle to slashed, bristly chaff leaves . The outer ones are sterile and enlarged, the inner ones are hermaphroditic. The more or less hairy achenes , especially on top, are frustoconical, 3–4 millimeters long and 2–2.5 millimeters wide, the bristly, outer, unevenly long cardboard hairs are 5–6 millimeters long and black-brown, around the inner, small one Small, pointed scales sit on the crown.

The flowering time is May to July, in Switzerland July to September.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 30.

distribution

Crupina vulgaris is native to Central , Southern and Eastern Europe , North Africa , India and the temperate zones of Asia. In the United States, she is a neophyte. In Europe, their distribution area extends north to west-central France, Switzerland, Slovakia and southern Ukraine .

ecology

The common hatching seed grows in Switzerland in societies of the associations of the inner alpine rock steppe (Stipo-Poion) and the insubric dry grassland (Diplachnion). In Switzerland it rises up to 1000 meters above sea level. According to Erich Oberdorfer , the species also occurs in a society of the Alysso-Sedion association in the Neckar region in Baden-Württemberg. It has been observed at one point for 25 years and can therefore be considered naturalized there.

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Carl von Linné as Centaurea crupina in Sp. Pl .: 909, 1753. It was written by Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini in Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. 12: 68, 1817 as Crupina vulgaris in the genus Crupina (Pers.) Cass. posed. Synonyms of Crupina vulgaris Cass. are Centaurea crupina L. , Centaurea acuta Lam. nom. illeg., Centaurea tenuifolia Salisb. nom. illegal. and Crupina crupinastrum subsp. brachypappa (Jord. & Fourr.) Beauverd .

literature

Web links

Commons : Crupina vulgaris  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 968 .
  2. ↑ Gustav Hegi
  3. ↑ a b D. Lange: Crupina (pers.) DC., Schlüpfsame. In: O. Sebald et al .: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 6, ISBN 3-8001-3343-1 , p. 296 f.
  4. ↑ Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh-Kosmos-Verlag Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 , p. 106.
  5. ^ A b J. do Amaral Franco: Crupina (pers.) Cass. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea. Volume 4, Cambridge University Press 1976, 2006, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 (Reprint), p. 301.
  6. ↑ Crupina vulgaris at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  7. ↑ Crupina vulgaris in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved July 4, 2020.Template: GRIN / Maintenance / No ID specified
  8. ↑ Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet "Crupina vulgaris" In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
  9. ↑ Gustav Hegi