Déjà-vu

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As deja vu [ deʒavy ] ( fr. Déjà vu = seen ') is called a memory deception, believes in a person to have previously experienced a present event ever. The person concerned has the secure feeling that they have already lived through a new situation in the same way in the past.

In French this psychological phenomenon is sometimes used. a. divided into the following forms: Déjà-entendu [ deʒaɑ̃tɑ̃ˈdy ] or Déjà-écouté (French for 'already heard') or Déjà-vécu [ deʒaveˈky ] (French for 'already experienced'), Déjà rêvé (French for 'already dreamed' ( or presented)) .

Further names for this qualitative memory disorder (psychopathological name) are memory deception (Sander), identifying memory falsification (Kraeppelin), awareness deception , ( gnostic ) memory illusion and Fausse reconnaissance [ fos ʀəkɔnɛˈsɑ̃s ] (French: 'false recognition').

Déjà-vu occurs occasionally spontaneously in healthy people, in a state of exhaustion or poisoning , but also more frequently in dreams. As a side effect of neuroses , psychoses or organic brain diseases, especially of the temporal lobe , déjà-vus can also occur more frequently. According to surveys, 50 to 90 percent of all people have had déjà vu at least once, but usually forget after a certain time where and when it last occurred.

The opposite of déjà-vus, the feeling of alienation in a familiar environment , is called the jamais-vu experience [ ʒamɛˈvy ] (French for 'never seen') and can occur under similar circumstances.

etymology

In 1868, the German psychiatrist Julius Jensen is said to have introduced the term double perception for phenomena that are now also known as déjà-vu. Wilhelm Sander is said to have suggested the term memory deception for Jensen's term double perception . The French philosopher E. Boirac is said to have used the word déjà-vu in 1876 in his book L'Avenir des sciences psychiques (The future of the psychic sciences). (→ list of winged words )

research

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

Many scientists see great opportunities in exploring déjà vus. Research into déjà-vus could not only help explain how delusions of memory arise, but also how the brain succeeds in constructing a continuous image of reality in the first place. In line with these expectations, there are plenty of studies and attempts at explanation, some of which contradict one another:

  • According to one hypothesis, déjà-vus occurs in situations that are reminiscent of a repressed , actually experienced event that was perceived for so briefly that it could not be consciously registered.
  • According to another hypothesis, repressed fantasies are the source of déjà-vus.
  • Possibly these are special situations in which short and long-term memories are momentarily mismatched. According to this, the experience is based on a partial correspondence between current and previously experienced situational features, which are supplemented according to the pars-pro-toto principle: a situation that appears familiar contains, for example, a certain, familiar smell. This individual element then ensures recognition that is transferred to the entire situation.
  • Early experiments showed that déjà-vus is related to neurochemical processes in the temporal lobes of the brain . By electrical stimulation of the external temporal lobe, the probability of a déjà vu to four times could be increased.
  • Traumatic damage to the temporal lobe can lead to accumulations of déjà-vus.
  • Overstimulation of the outer temporal lobes can also occur in epilepsy patients. Many sufferers describe conditions that herald an epileptic fit. These are known as an aura and are often associated with déjà-vus.
  • Researchers at Duke University examined the interaction of the brain regions in memories: In déjà-vus, only the parietal lobe is active, in contrast to real memories, which also stress the temporal lobe.
  • Studies have shown that déjà-vus often occurs after phases of great stress, when the stress subsides and the person relaxes again.
  • Other studies have shown a link between the imagination sfähigkeit of a man and the frequency of deja vu.
  • Some drugs increase the likelihood of succumbing to this phenomenon.

The phenomenon in art

In his book “ Poetry and Truth ”, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe describes an experience that comes very close to a déjà-vu: As a young man he rode through a landscape on his way back from a biographically special situation and saw himself for a moment on a horse to ride towards, but as an older man and in different clothes ( precognition ). A few years later he happened to be riding through the same area and suddenly remembered the experience and noticed that he was wearing exactly the clothes, like the inner picture he had seen then.

In episode 16 of Monty Python's Flying Circus from 1970, the presenter of a television program about psychological phenomena, played by Michael Palin , experiences a series of déjà-vus.

In the film Matrix , an obvious déjà-vu points to a manipulation of the simulated world structure. (Scene at 74:27 min. In which a black cat passes a door twice and shakes.)

By Ralph Wallner a play called "Breznknödl-Deschawü" comes.

In 2006, an exhibition entitled "Déjà-vu" took place in the Atelier Augarten in Vienna. Seven contemporary artists commented on the phenomenon of the mysterious return of the past. Works by Anna Gaskell , Isabell Heimerdinger , Constantin Luser , Jan Mancuska , Martina Steckholzer , David Thorpe and Clemens von Wedemeyer were on view .

In music there are u. a. the following representations of the phenomenon. The US rock band Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young released their album Déjà Vu in 1970 , the title of which is based on the piece of the same name by David Crosby , which can be found on the album. The German rock band Spliff brought out the Neue Deutsche Welle song Déjà Vu in 1982 . In 1991 Dieter Bohlen released a single and an album of the same name with his band Blue System . In 1999, Dave Rodgers released the song Deja Vu, which gained greater fame among other things through the anime Initial D , in which it appeared. In 2006, R&B singer Beyoncé Knowles released a song of the same name . Eminem released the song Deja vu on his album Relapse in 2009 . By Hannes children the song comes "deja vu", which was published on August 19, 2013 as a single. A song called Deja Vu was also created in 2017 through a collaboration between the Australian DJ and producer Timmy Trumpet and the New Zealand rapper Savage .

See also

literature

  • Uwe Wolfradt: Déjà vu experiences: Theoretical assumptions and empirical findings. In: Journal for Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. 2000, pp. 359-376.
  • Ina Schmied-Knittel: Memories of the future. Content, structure and interpretation of déjà vu experiences. In: Eberhard Bauer; Michael Schetsche (ed.): Everyday miracles: Experiences with the supernatural - scientific findings. Ergon, Würzburg 2003, ISBN 3-89913-311-0 .
  • Thomas Trummer (Ed.): Déjà-vu. The gaze of hindsight in contemporary art . With texts by Henri Bergson , Heike Maier , Gerhard Neumann , Peter Krapp , Beat Wyss and Thomas Trummer. Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-85160-069-X .

Web links

Wiktionary: Déjà-vu  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Akira R. O'Connor: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. Retrieved June 9, 2019 .
  2. ↑ M. Schredl, A. Goritz, A. Funkhouser: Frequency of Deja Reve: Effects of Age, Gender, Dream Recall, and Personality. 2017, accessed on June 9, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Déjà-rêvé: Researchers explore mysterious dream-déjà-vus. Retrieved June 9, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Oswald Bumke: The diagnosis of mental illnesses . 1919, p. 70 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  5. ^ H. Heimann: Déjà-vu . In: Christian Müller (Ed.): Lexicon of Psychiatry. Collected treatises of the most common psychiatric terms . 2nd Edition. Springer, Berlin 1986, ISBN 978-3-642-87356-0 , pp. 143 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-642-87355-3 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  6. ^ Jan Dirk Blom: A Dictionary of Hallucinations . Springer, New York 2010, ISBN 978-1-4419-1223-7 , pp. 156 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  7. ↑ Hermann Emminghaus: General psychopathology for an introduction to the study of mental disorders . FCW Vogel (Reprint Elibron Classics series), Leipzig 2005, ISBN 0-543-98658-6 , p. 130 ( limited preview in Google Book Search - first edition: 1878, reprint).
  8. ↑ Theo R. Payk: Pathopsychology. From symptom to diagnosis . Springer, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-540-42621-3 , pp. 244 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  9. ↑ Where the déjà-vus come from. November 7, 2007
  10. ^ Poetry and Truth , Book 11 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wissen-im-netz.info
  11. ↑ "Now I was riding on the footpath towards Drusenheim, and then one of the strangest premonitions overcame me. For I saw myself, not with the eyes of the body but of the spirit, coming towards myself on horseback on the same path, namely in a dress like I never wore it: it was pale gray with a little gold. As soon as I shook myself out of this dream, the figure was completely gone. However, it is strange that after eight years, in the dress that I had dreamed of, and that I carried it not by choice but by chance, found myself on the same path to visit Friederike again. Incidentally, these things may behave as they please, the strange illusion gave me some reassurance in those moments of parting . "
  12. ↑ Monty Python: Déjà Vu
  13. ↑ Hannes Children - Déjà-vu
  14. ↑ Timmy Trumpet & Savage - Deja-Vu (Official Lyric Video). In: YouTube. Retrieved May 5, 2020 .