Rooftop
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| Basic data | |
| place | regensburg |
| District | Old town |
| Hist. Names | Klarenanger, parade ground, barracks square, Moltkeplatz |
| Confluent streets |
Dr.-Martin-Luther-Strasse, Schwanenplatz, Drei Kronen Gasse, Minoritenweg, Dr.-Wunderle-Strasse |
| Buildings | Minorite Church , Historical Museum , New Town Hall, multi-storey car park & market hall |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrian traffic, bicycle traffic, public transport, road traffic |
| Space design | Fountain with light installation, memorial for the victims of National Socialism |
The Dachauplatz is a historical place in the old town of Regensburg which got its current name after the end of the 2nd World War. The southern part of the square, up to the western confluence of Drei Kronen Gasse, was previously called Klarenanger . The northern part of the square, separated by a bump, was probably planted with grain in earlier times, after women had already settled in the monastic community of the Poor Clares on the southern part at the beginning of the 13th century . Towards the end of the 13th century, the Minorite monastery with the associated Minorite church was built on the northern part of the square . Both the former monastery building and the church building are used today by the Historical Museum of the City of Regensburg.
Surname
The first earlier name Klarenanger can be traced back to the construction of the Poor Clare Monastery , which began at the beginning of the 13th century, during the lifetime of Clare of Assisi, who died in 1253 and was canonized in 1255, on an overgrown meadow . The location of the building site corresponds roughly to the location of today's parking garage, immediately east of the wall of the Roman legionary camp Castra Regina , which was still in existence at the time , which was partially built over or used as a foundation. The name Klarenanger was then also used for the street that continued to the south, but after the construction of the city wall at the beginning of the 14th century, it ended after about 200 meters at the height of today's Von der Tann-Strasse at the city wall. After the city wall was also torn down around 1860 and the street was extended to the newly built train station after 1880, the entire new street was called Klarenangerstraße . In 1934, the road was D. Martin Luther street renamed and the name Clear Anger lived only on behalf of the 1870 Mayor Stobäus built on part of the open space clear Anger school on. The impressive three-storey school building with a facade structure in the neo-renaissance style, which closes the roof space to the south, has been used as a commercial building since 1982 after a total renovation. Since then, the name Klarenanger has been homeless.
After the secularization in Bavaria and the annexation of the city of Regensburg to the Kingdom of Bavaria , the buildings of the Minorite monastery including the monastery church were initially used as military barracks and the open space as a military training area. Towards the end of the 19th century the term “parade ground” had therefore become common. In 1918 the name was changed to "Kasernenplatz" and in 1933 the entire square was called "Moltkeplatz". In memory of the murders carried out by the Regensburg National Socialists on the square in April 1945 and in memory of the victims of National Socialism who were murdered in the Dachau concentration camp , today's name of the square is “Dachauplatz”.
location
The Dachauplatz is located in Regensburg's old town and is intersected by D. Martin-Lutherstraße , which is very busy as an extension of the connecting road running from south to north between the University of Regensburg and Regensburg Central Station and is also used by several local transport lines. An ugly concrete parking garage built around 1970 was renewed after 2000, a market hall was added and it attracts additional traffic. Extended as Kolpingstrasse , D. Martin-Lutherstrasse continues to the Iron Bridge , the transition over the Danube to the Danube Island Unterer Wöhrd . The Dachauplatz is 200 meters long and 60 meters wide and is bordered in the north by the Kolping House, which traffic passes under. In the northeast is the small Schwanenplatz , which was redesigned in 2019 . To the east, the New Town Hall delimits the Dachauplatz and the former Minorite Monastery, whose buildings have been used by the historical museum since 1932 . In the south the square ends at the junction with Königsstraße and in the west runs Dr.-Wunderle-Straße , which has to accommodate the cars leaving the parking garage.
history
Today's Dachauplatz is located just outside the eastern wall of the Roman legion camp Castra Regina , which was built in 179 AD at the time of Emperor Marc Aurel and was the headquarters of the III. served in the Italian legion . During the construction of today's multi-storey car park on the Dachauplatz in 1972, an approx. 60 m long and approx. 3 m high section of the eastern wall of the legionary camp was found in the ground, which then remained unnoticed for years and was difficult to access. It was only after 2010 that work began on restoring the remains of the Roman fortifications in the urban area, making them accessible to visitors and presenting them as documents of history. Since 2013 the section of the Roman wall in the basement of the parking garage on the Dachauplatz has been accessible and is presented there with many explanations.
Another stone document of Regensburg's Roman past was found in 1873 during the construction work for the former Hotel Karmeliten with the Karmeliten brewery, which was replaced by a new building in 2013 . At that time the foundations of the east gate of the legionary camp, the so-called "porta principalis dextra", were found, which rose above the confluence of the Drei-Kronen-Gasse in the Dachauplatz. The 3 m long and 3.2 tons heavy middle section of an 8 m long writing board that was once attached above the camp gate was found. Your text could be reconstructed and the piece of the table is presented in the museum. According to the inscription, Emperor Marc Aurel and his son Commodus had the wall with gates and towers from the III. establish the Italian legion. The inscription is therefore referred to as the "stone founding document of the city of Regensburg".
In the Middle Ages, around 1228, a monastery of the Magdalene Order was built on what is now the parking lot. In 1296 the sisters took over the rules of the order of St. Clara and were thus Poor Clares . In 1327 the monastery burned down completely, but was rebuilt with funds from a Regensburg patrician. The Poor Clare Monastery was again completely destroyed in the course of the Battle of Regensburg in 1809 , not rebuilt and left a large open area. Until the end of the First World War , the resulting open space was used as a parade ground for soldiers. In the northeast of the Dachauplatz are the buildings of the former Minorite monastery and the Minorite Church. The monastery was founded in 1221 and was used secularly from 1802, first as a barracks, then as a toll hall, as a military magazine and finally as an emergency quarters. The Historical Museum of Regensburg has been located there since 1931.
On April 23 and 24, 1945, three men were killed on Moltkeplatz, as the Dachauplatz was called during the National Socialist era, because they wanted to leave the city to the Americans without a fight. The cathedral preacher Dr. Johann Maier and the warehouse worker Josef Zirkl were hanged by the Nazis, the police inspector Michael Lottner previously shot and his body placed under the gallows. A memorial commemorates the victims of the cruel act of the National Socialists.
Development on the edge of the square
- Kolping Hall
- Northwest: Residential complex with supermarket (since 2016) on the site of the former Hotel Karmeliten
- East: Regensburg Historical Museum and New Town Hall
- West: Parking garage with the Regensburg market hall and memorial to the victims of National Socialism
use
The Dachauplatz is the location of a large multi-storey car park, a market hall, and a supermarket and is therefore used for local supply. With six different bus stops, the square is an important stop and transfer point for the Regensburg transport association . You can linger longer at a fountain with a light installation, in the Regensburg market hall or in the inner courtyard of the museum.
Attractions
- Historical Museum Regensburg
- Memorial for the hanged victims of the National Socialists
- Fountain with light installation by the Berlin light artist Hans Jörg Wiegner
literature
- Gertrud Benker : Paths through Regensburg . Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg 1984, ISBN 3-7917-0490-7 .
- Franz Hiltl: The Poor Clares in Regensburg. In: Bavaria Franciscana Antiqua. Volume 2 . Lentner'sche Buchhandlung, Munich 1992.
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Bavaria V. Regensburg and the Upper Palatinate . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2008.
Web links
- Excavations at the Dachauplatz
- Excavations under the Carmelite Brewery
- History of Castra Regina
- Monasteries in Bavaria
- Market hall on Dachauplatz
- Roof site in Regensburg
- Regensburg Transport Association
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c d e Karl Bauer: Regensburg art, culture and everyday history . 6th edition. MZ-Buchverlag in H. Gietl Verlag & Publication Service GmbH, Regenstauf 2014, ISBN 978-3-86646-300-4 , p. 40-47 .
- ^ Regensburg market hall. Regensburg market hall website , accessed on July 23, 2013.
- ↑ Dachauplatz in Regensburg. Website of the City of Regensburg ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 23, 2013.
- ^ Excavation at Dachauplatz. March 4, 2016, accessed July 30, 2019 .
- ^ Gertrud Benker: Paths through Regensburg. 1984, p. 12.
- ^ Franz Hiltl The Poor Clares in Regensburg. In: Bavaria Franciscana Antiqua. Volume 2, pp. 44-47.
- ^ Monasteries in Bavaria. Website of the House of Bavarian History , accessed on July 23, 2013.
- ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bavaria V. Regensburg and the Upper Palatinate , 2008, p. 590.
- ^ Gertrud Benker: Paths through Regensburg. 1984, p. 160.
- ↑ Dachauplatz in Regensburg. Website of the City of Regensburg ( Memento of the original from October 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed July 23, 2013.
- ^ Regensburg market hall. Regensburg market hall website , accessed on July 23, 2013.
- ^ Regensburger Verkehrsverbund , accessed on July 23, 2013.
- ↑ A “Fontana Regina” will be installed on the roof. Retrieved December 15, 2017 .
Coordinates: 49 ° 1 '3.9 " N , 12 ° 6' 5.8" E