Dactyloa

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Dactyloa
Dactyloa extrema from Barbados and St. Lucia

Dactyloa extrema from Barbados and St. Lucia

Systematics
Superordinate : Scale lizards (Lepidosauria)
Order : Scale reptiles (Squamata)
without rank: Toxicofera
without rank: Iguana (Iguania)
Family : Dactyloidae
Genre : Dactyloa
Scientific name
Dactyloa
Wagler , 1830

Dactyloa is a genus of small lizards from the group of iguanas that occurs in southern Central America and northern South America. The generic name is derived from the Greek and refers to the characteristic widened toes ("daktylos" = finger, toe + "oa" = fringe).

features

Dactyloa species are small to medium-sized lizards and reach head-to-trunk lengths of 4.3 to 16 cm. Females often stay a little smaller than males. However, many species show no sexual dimorphism . Dactyloa species are usually brownish or greyish, and less often green.

The monophyly of the genus is supported by 77 apomorphies , 73 of which are molecular biological and 4 morphological .

The morphological include the parietal eye in the bone suture between the frontal bone and the parietal bone , the arrow-shaped interclavicle, a bone that connects the actual clavicle with the breastbone (sternum) (T-shaped in D. agassizi ), 3, 4 or 5 lumbar vertebrae and normally 8, less often 7 caudal vertebrae in front of the first vertebra capable of autotomy . These caudal vertebrae have transverse processes , those behind them do not. The post frontal , a small, paired cover bone of the skull roof, is present. Palatine teeth are missing. A relatively large splenial bone, a small bone in the lower jaw of amphibians and reptiles, is always present.

distribution

Dactyloa species occur in Costa Rica and Panama , in the southern Lesser Antilles , in Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Venezuela , in the three Guayanas , in northern Brazil ( Amazon basin ) and on the Brazilian Atlantic coast to Espírito Santo in the south. Also on the Caribbean island of Blanquilla and the Pacific island of Malpelo .

species

The genus comprises a total of 83 species. The species are summarized in four species groups, the 18 species Dactyloa latifrons species group in Costa Rica and Panama, in western Colombia and in northern Venezuela, the Dactyloa punctata species group with 44 species in Colombia, Venezuela and in the Brazilian part of the distribution area and the Dactyloa heteroderma species group comprising 12 species , which occurs disjointly in the Andes of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, in northern Peru and on the Venezuelan Tepuis . The nine species Dactyloa roquet species group lives in the southern Lesser Antilles and on smaller Caribbean islands off the coast of Venezuela.

Dactyloa eulaema
Dactyloa fitchi
Dactyloa gorgonae
Dactyloa philopunctata
Dactyloa podocarpus
Dactyloa transversalis
Dactyloa luciae
Dactyloa roquet

literature

  • Kirsten E. Nicholson, Brian I. Crother, Craig Guyer, Jay M. Savage : It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) (= Zootaxa . 3477). Magnolia Press, Auckland 2012, ISBN 978-1-77557-010-3 , digital version (PDF; 8.24 MB) .
  • Ivan Prates, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues, Paulo Roberto Melo-Sampaio, Ana Carolina Carnaval: Phylogenetic relationships of Amazonian anole lizards (Dactyloa): Taxonomic implications, new insights about phenotypic evolution and the timing of diversification. In: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. October 2014, doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2014.10.005 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dactyloa in The Reptile Database

Web links