Danhatchia australis
| Danhatchia australis | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Danhatchia | ||||||||||||
| Garay & Christenson | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Danhatchia australis | ||||||||||||
| ( Hatch ) Garay & Christenson |
The Danhatchia australis orchid is the only species in the Danhatchia genus . The small, mykoheterotrophic plants come from New Zealand and Australia.
description
Danhatchia australis has a subterranean creeping, branched rhizome with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm. The rhizome is gray-pink in color, roots are missing, but there are tufts of long hair at irregular intervals. At the rhizome stunted lower leaves can be found. The rungs above ground are about 20 cm high. They are light pink, light brown or gray and covered with one to seven (rarely up to 15) tubular lower leaves that surround the shoot. The lower leaves are 10 to 15 mm long, lighter than the shoot and streaked with numerous leaf veins. Leaves do not exist, in the low-sheets can be occasionally chloroplasts detected.
The terminal inflorescence is mostly unbranched, in contrast to the stem axis, the inflorescence axis, bracts , ovary and the outside of the sepals are hairy. Flowering time is from December to February, fruits are found from December to April. The inflorescence bears one to five, rarely up to ten flowers . The color of the flowers is a brownish or pinkish gray, the tips of the petals are white. The flowers give off a faint musty odor. The ovary is twisted, the flowers are resupinated . The petals barely open. The three outer petals are almost the same, they are not fused together. The lateral inner petals ( petals ) are narrower and stick with the edge to the upper sepal. The lip is not lobed, it is curved in the shape of a bowl and has some bristly appendages at the base. The slightly curved, club-shaped column is fused a little with the lip at its base. The scar is undivided and semicircular. The stamen is broadly oval with a short tip, it contains two pollinia , each connected to the common, round adhesive disc ( Viscidium ) via a small stalk . The separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen ( rostellum ) is briefly two-toothed. The capsule fruit stands upright, the flower stalk does not lengthen when the fruit is ripe.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
distribution
Danhatchia australis is known from the North and South Islands of New Zealand and from the Australian state of New South Wales . On the North Island of New Zealand, the species occurs in the northern part, mostly north of Waiuku , more rarely south to Mount Pirongia . The islands of Little Barrier , Great Barrier Island and Mokohinau are also settled. On the South Island, the occurrence is limited to a small area in the area of the Taihoku Lakes . In Australia, only a few sites are known in the rainforest of New South Wales. In New Zealand, the plants grow in forests with Beilschmiedia , Agathis and the Nikau palm ( Rhopalostylis sapida ).
ecology
As a mycoheterotrophic plant, Danhatchia australis is dependent on nutrients supplied by a fungus. The species Lycoperdon perlatum , which grows in contact with the roots of Beilschmiedia tarairi, is a possible fungus . On Mokohinau, the rhizomes of Danhatchia australis were found between the roots of Pseudopanax lessonii .
The barely open flowers of Danhatchia australis indicate celestogamy . The pollinia can protrude up to the scar and thus cause autogamy . It is unclear whether the occasional open flowers are pollinated by insects.
Botanical history
The species was first described in 1963 by Edward Daniel Hatch as Yoania australis . The first description was based on a specimen collected on January 28, 1955 by E. Kulka on the Waipoua River. Garay and Christenson established their own genus for this species in 1995, which they probably named Danhatchia in honor of "Dan" Hatch, actually Edwin Daniel Hatch (1919 - 2008), a New Zealand botanist . The Gonatostylis from New Caledonia is closely related to Danhatchia . Some very similar Goodyera species are also known.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Peter J. de Lange: Flora Details. Danhatchia australis. New Zealand Plant Conservation Network, accessed June 7, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. tape 3 : Orchidoideae , Part 2: Vanilloideae . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford 2003, ISBN 0-19-850711-9 , pp. 82-85 .
- ↑ a b Val Smith: Eponymous orchids. Edwin Daniel Hatch (1919-) - Danhatchia australis . In: New Zealand Native Orchid Journal . tape 103 , 2007 ( nativeorchids.co.nz ).
- ^ A b Peter J. de Lange, Brian PJ Molloy: Two new localities for Danhatchia australis (Orchidaceae) . In: New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter . No. 51 , 1998, pp. 6-9 .
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Danhatchia australis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 7, 2020.
- ^ KL Wilson: New South Wales Flora Online: Danhatchia australis. National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, accessed June 7, 2012 .
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]