Dayaoshania cotinifolia
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| Dayaoshania cotinifolia | ||||||||||||
| WTWang |
Dayaoshania cotinifolia is the only kind of monotypic genus Dayaoshania in the family of Gesneriad (Gesneriaceae).
description
Appearance and leaf
Dayaoshania cotinifolia growing terrestrial and evergreen perennial , herbaceous plant . It forms a thick vertical rhizome . A stem is not recognizable.
The many foliage leaves are arranged at the base as well as alternately and divided into petioles and leaf blades. The petiole is 0.8 to 6 inches long. The simple leaf blade is 2.5 to 5.5 centimeters long and 2.3 to 4.8 centimeters wide, elliptical, circular-ovoid or almost circular with a slate, broad-wedge-shaped to almost heart-shaped blade base and broad- pointed to rounded upper end. The leaf margin is almost smooth or indistinctly blunt-serrated or notched . Both leaf sides are more or less densely hairy white and downy ( indument ). There are four or five lateral nerves on each side of the median nerve.
Inflorescence and flower
The flowering time is in September. The lateral, 5.5 to 8.5 centimeters long inflorescence stem is densely hairy and downy. In the zymous inflorescence there are usually only one or two flowers arranged loosely. The two opposite, densely hairy bracts are with a length of 5.5 to 9 millimeters and a width of 1.2 to 2.2 millimeters narrow linear-lanceolate. The two cover sheets are opposite.
The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is radial symmetry . The five identical sepals are free or fused at their base. With a length of 5 to 8 millimeters, the sepals are narrow-triangular to lanceolate-linear with a smooth to slightly serrated edge. The five light purple to white, sparsely downy hairy inside, 1.3 to 1.9 centimeters long petals are fused into a bell-shaped corolla. With a length of only 7 to 9 millimeters, the corolla tube is almost as long as the coronet and has a diameter of 5 to 9 millimeters over its entire length. The zygomorphic corolla is two-lipped, with the corolla lips being almost the same length. The upper lip of the crown is 7 to 10 millimeters long and ends in two ovate lobes that are 6 to 10 millimeters wide. The lower lip of the crown is 7 to 12 millimeters long and ends in three, rarely two, of a width of 2 to 6 millimeters (broad) triangular crown lobes with pointed, rarely blunt upper ends. There are two fertile stamens present, rarely only one; they protrude slightly above the corolla tube. The stamens inserted on the lower side near the base of the corolla tube are 0.9 to 1.4 centimeters long. The basifix anthers are dark purple in color and free up to the top. The parallel counters open longitudinally. There may be two staminodes about 4 millimeters long inserted on the upper side of the corolla tube or they may be absent. The cup-shaped nectar glands stand together in a ring-shaped disc . The stamp is 1 to 1.6 inches long. The dense, downy, hairy, upper, single-chamber ovary is slim, cylindrical and linear with a length of 4.5 to 9 millimeters. There are two parietal, undivided placentas . The sparse fluffy haired, slender stylus ends in two identical truncated stigma lobes .
Fruit and seeds
The capsule fruit standing straight on the fruit stalk is slim-cylindrical with a length of about 2.5 centimeters and much longer than the calyx. The fissured or loculicidal capsule fruit has two downy, hairy, straight fruit flaps. The durable stylus remains recognizable on the fruit. So far, only unripe capsule fruits and no seeds have been found.
Occurrence and endangerment
The endemic Dayaoshania cotinifolia occurs only in the Dayaoshan Mountains, in the Jinxiu Autonomous County in the Chinese province of Guangxi .
Dayaoshania cotinifolia thrives in mountain forests at altitudes of 900 to 1200 meters.
Dayaoshania cotinifolia is "Critically Endangered" = "critically endangered". In 2008 there are only two populations left with a total of around 1000 plant specimens.
Systematics
The genus Dayaoshania was founded in 1983 by Wen-Tsai Wang with the first description of the species Dayaoshania cotinifolia W.T.Wang in Duo genera nova Gesneriacearum e Sina. in: Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica , Volume 21, Issue 3, Pages 319-320, Table 1, Figures 1-6. The type material was collected on September 22, 1981 in a forest at an altitude of 1200 meters in Laoshan in Jinxiu Xian in Guangxi and given the herbarium number Exped. Compl. Dayaoshan 10930 deposited. The specific epithet cotinifolia means that the leaves look similar to those of Cotinus . The botanical genus name Dayaoshania refers to the geographical name Dayaoshan, a mountain or mountain region in Guangxi Province, where the only species occurs.
Dayaoshania cotinifolia is the only species of the genus Dayaoshania that belongs to the tribe Didymocarpeae from the Didymocarpoids within the Gesneriaceae family.
swell
- Wencai Wang, Kai-yu Pan, Zhen-yu Li, Anna L. Weitzman, Laurence E. Skog: Gesneriaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 18, 1998, pp. 291–292: Dayaoshania and Dayaoshania cotinifolia - same text online as printed Plant. (Sections Description, Occurrence and Systematics)
- Anton Weber, Laurence E. Skog: The Genera of Gesneriaceae from the Faculty of Botany at the University of Vienna & Department of Systematic Biology, Botany Smithsonian Institution, 2007: Dayaoshania . (Sections Systematics, Occurrence and Description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Anton Weber, Laurence E. Skog: The Genera of Gesneriaceae from the Faculty of Botany at the University of Vienna & Department of Systematic Biology, Botany Smithsonian Institution, 2007: Dayaoshania .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Wencai Wang, Kai-yu Pan, Zhen-yu Li, Anna L. Weitzman, Laurence E. Skog: Gesneriaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 18, 1998, pp. 291-292: Dayaoshania and Dayaoshania cotinifolia - the same text online as the printed work.
- ↑ a b c Bing Zhang, Hongwei Wang, Yueqin Cheng, Yongzhong Ye, Zhao-Shan Wang: Microsatellite markers for Dayaoshania cotinifolia (Gesneriaceae), a critically endangered perennial herb. In: American Journal of Botany , Volume 98, Issue 9, 2011, pp. 256-258. doi : 10.3732 / ajb.1100170 PDF.
- ↑ Hongwei Wang, Bing Zhang, Yueqin Cheng, Yongzhong Ye, Pei Zhang, Naibo Mo, Kangping Qin: Genetic diversity of the endangered Chinese endemic herb Dayaoshania cotinifolia (Gesneriaceae) revealed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In: Biochemical Systematics and Ecology , Volume 48, June 2013, pp. 51-57. doi : 10.1016 / j.bse.2012.11.021
- ↑ Dayaoshania cotinifolia at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 29, 2019.
Supplementary literature
- ZY Li, YZ Wang: Plants of Gesneriaceae in China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou, 2004, pp. 1-721.
- Yu-bing Wang, Hong-wei Liang, Nai-bo Mo, Kang-ping Qin, Geng-guo1 Tang: Flower Phenology and Breeding System of Rare and Endangered Dayaoshania cotinifolia. In: Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica , 2011 - 05.