Thought prohibition

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“Important question which will be considered in today's meeting. How long would we like to be allowed to think? "(" The Thinkers Club "- caricature from 1819 about the effects of the Karlovy Vary resolutions )

The term prohibition of thinking denotes the suppression of opinions or their expression, insofar as they deviate from common interpretations or dogmas .

use

Sigmund Freud spoke out against the prohibition of thinking by religion , which it allows "to go out in the sense of their self-preservation". These would lead to a " thought inhibition ". Only the primacy of reason can avoid a “dictatorship in the human soul”. Bans on thinking led to neurotic influences for the individual , but in the broader context to a restriction of the freedom of thought, which is a danger for society:

“But the common compulsion of such a rule of reason will prove to be the strongest unifying bond among people and will pave the way for further agreements. Anything that opposes such a development, like the religion's prohibition of thinking, is a danger for the future of humanity. "

- Sigmund Freud 1933

In 1908, to illustrate his theory of the “exemplary nature of sexual life”, Freud had denied a biological core to the “undoubted fact of the intellectual inferority of so many women” and traced this back to the higher sexual thought prohibition for women due to their upbringing and that on top of that with the “religious thought prohibition” and the "loyal thought prohibition of the good subject" set in parallel. The folklorist Martin Scharfe spoke, following Freud, of the prohibition of thinking in the sciences , which he describes as an “affective rejection” of “certain scientific institutions, perspectives and camps”. He remarked: "We have set up taboos in various respects, we paradoxically submit to a thought-collective aviso of resistance when we conduct science " and questioned the trust in infallibility and rationality not only in cultural studies.

The cultural sociologist Detlef Grieswelle criticized the fact that political correctness aims at “what you say publicly, what you have to do or what you can't say publicly, if you don't want to be morally condemned.” The pressure of opinion ranges “from certain Word taboos […] up to ideological correctness and ideological prohibitions ”. In the newspaper Das Parlament, the journalist Gesa von Leesen identified bans on thinking in all political camps: “Bans on thinking that express themselves through language” existed “in every fixed worldview”. The refusal to “ follow Kant ” also leads to a prohibition of thinking. The psychologist Ewald Krainz called prohibitions on thinking as one of the "unpleasant peculiarities of the hierarchy " that is enforced from top to bottom. They express themselves "less strictly speaking, through a 'limited ability to think' which would be expressed in all possible taboos and speaking bans" . This would explain the often "observed inhibitions", which can later be expressed in "turbulence".

According to Norbert F. Schneider , a “thinking ban” is a prohibition that is often only constructed for the purpose of being able to fight for its elimination. A “ban on thinking” is often invented when it is supposed to be violated in the context of a taboo that is presented as progressive and liberating. According to Wolfgang Benz , right-wing conservative circles postulated a threat to freedom of expression through “bans on thinking”. In doing so, they are of the opinion that pressure of opinion emanates in particular from the so-called “political correctness”, which, in their opinion, is served by hostile forces (especially “the left”).

See also

Web links

Wikiquote: Do not think  - quotes

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Entry ban on thinking at duden.de
  2. ↑ cf. Léon Wurmser : The Broken Reality. Vol. 2: Value and Truth in Psychoanalysis. 3. Edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-525-46151-8 , p. 40 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
  3. ↑ Marianne Springer-Kremser and Alfred Springer: On the topicality of Sigmund Freud's cultural theory today (PDF; 178 kB)
  4. ↑ Sigmund Freud , The “cultural” sexual morality and modern nervousness , in: Collected Works Vol. VII, Frankfurt a. M., Fischer 1999, p. 162.
  5. ↑ Martin Scharfe: Menschenwerk: Explorations about culture. Böhlau, Köln / Weimer / Wien 2002, ISBN 3-412-14201-8 , p. 125 ff. ( Limited preview in the Google book search)
  6. ↑ Detlef Grieswelle: Political Rhetoric: Power of Speech, Public Legitimation, Foundation of Consensus . Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2000, ISBN 3-8244-4389-9 , p. 353 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  7. ↑ Gesa von Leesen: "You don't say that!" - Political correctness between morality and combat concept in: Das Parlament, No. 01–02 of January 2, 2007
  8. ↑ Quoted in: Barbara Lesjak : The Art of Politics: On the potential of group dynamics and organizational development for political learning processes . Vs Verlag, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-16677-3 , p. 151 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  9. ^ Norbert F. Schneider : Values, taboos and media. In: Sonja Ganguin , Uwe Sander (Ed.): Sensation, bizarre and taboos in the media. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschafter, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-531-14716-1 , p. 119.
  10. ↑ Hartwig Pautz: Die deutsche Leitkultur: an identity debate: new rights, neo-racism and normalization efforts . Ibidem-Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-89821-060-X , p. 63.
  11. ↑ Micha Brumlik , Hajo Funke , Lars Rensmann (eds.): Contested forgetting: Walser debate, Holocaust memorial and recent German historical politics . Hans Schiler Verlag, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-86093-240-3 , p. 113.
  12. ↑ Sibylle Hamann : If there are no prohibitions on thinking, then you just have to invent them . In: Die Presse , April 11, 2012.
  13. ↑ Samuel Salzborn and Marc Schwietring: anti-civilization affect Mobilization: To normalize the secondary antisemitism (PDF; 208 kB) . In: Michael Klundt (ed.): Remember, repress, forget: historical-political paths into the 21st century . Network for Political Education, Culture and Communication, Gießen 2003, ISBN 3-00-010741-X , pp. 43–76.
  14. ↑ Wolfgang Benz: The function of Holocaust denial and historical revisionism for the right movement . In: Stephan Braun , Alexander Geisler, Martin Gerster (eds.): Strategies of the extreme right: Backgrounds - Analyzes - Answers . VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-91708-5 , pp. 404-418. doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-531-91708-5_21