Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco

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Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco (16th century, Museo del Prado )

Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco (* 1503 in Granada , † August 14, 1575 in Madrid ) was a Spanish Renaissance poet, historian and diplomat.

biography

He was the great-grandson of Iñigo López de Mendoza , the Marqués of Santillana, and the youngest son of the 2nd Count of Tendilla Íñigo López de Mendoza y Quiñones and the Francisca Pacheco. His older siblings were:

  • Luis de Mendoza y Pacheco, 2nd Marqués de Mondejar and 3rd Count of Tendilla, Governor of Granada
  • Antonio de Mendoza y Pacheco, 1st Viceroy of New Spain and later of Peru
  • Bernardino de Mendoza y Pacheco, captain of the Spanish galleys , known for the (temporary) victory over Tunis
  • Francisco de Mendoza y Pacheco, Bishop of Úbeda
  • Maria Mendoza y Pacheco (Maria Pacheco), one of the leaders of the Comuneros uprising of 1519

After leaving the University of Salamanca , Mendoza gave up its intention to accept assignments; instead he served under Charles V in Italy and attended lectures at the universities of Bologna , Padua and Rome . In 1537 he was sent to the Kingdom of England to arrange a marriage between Henry VIII and Christina of Denmark , the widowed Duchess of Milan, and a marriage between Louis of Portugal and Mary Tudor . Despite the failure of his mission, he retained the emperor's trust and was appointed ambassador to Venice two years later . During his years in Venice he built his library, bought books printed by the Aldina printing house , and employed clerks to copy Greek manuscripts. He obtained copies of Cardinal Bessarion's Greek manuscripts and acquired other rare codices from the monastery of Mount Athos . The first printed Greek edition of Josephus ' works , based on texts from Mendoza's collection, was edited by the Flemish humanist Arnoldus Arlenius , who worked in the Mendoza library, and published in Basel in 1544 by Hieronymus Froben.

He served for some time as military governor of Siena , represented Spain diplomatically in the Council of Trent and was appointed special envoy in Rome in 1547, where he remained until 1554. He was never a favorite of Philip II , and an argument with a courtier led to his conviction by the court in June 1568. He spent the rest of his life in Granada , studying Arabic , which he had already learned as a child, poetry and its history of the Moorish revolt from 1568 to 1570. He died in 1575 and left his library to the king .

Diego Hurtado de Mendoza (1770)

Fonts

His Guerra de Granada on the Morisco uprising in the Alpujarras (1568–1571) was published in Madrid in 1610 and in Lisbon in 1627 by Luis Tribaldos de Toledo; the delay was undoubtedly due to sharp criticism from contemporaries who survived Mendoza. A complete edition did not appear until 1730. In some passages the author consciously imitates Sallust and Tacitus ; Overall, his style is lively and pointed, his information is accurate, and when it comes to critical insights, he is not inferior to Juan de Mariana .

The attribution of the picaresque novel Lazarillo de Tormes to Mendoza, published around 1552, is controversial, but documents recently discovered by the Spanish paleographer Mercedes Agulló seem to confirm this hypothesis. That he excelled in Picaresque malice is shown by his indecent verses, which were written in the old Castilian meter, and the more elaborate ones, the meter of which was imported from Italy. Mendoza is considered to be the author of the letters to Feliciano de Silva and Captain Salazar published by Antonio Paz y Melia in Sales Espanolas (Madrid, 1900).

literature

  • A. Senn y Alonso: D. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, apuntes biográfico-críticos . Granada 1886 (Spanish).
  • Calendar of Letters and Papers foreign and domestic, Henry VIII . xii. and xiii.
  • C. Graux: Essai sur l'origine du fonds grec de l'Escurial . Paris 1880 (French).
  • R. Foulch-Delbosc: Étude sur la Guerra de Granada . In: Revue hispanique . i. Paris 1894 (French).
  • A. Morel-Fatio : Quelques remarques sur La Guerre de Grenade de D. Diego Hurtado de Mendoza . In: Annuaire de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes, 1914–15 . Paris 1914 (French).
  • Erika Spivakovsky: The son of the Alhambra. Don Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 1504-1575 Place = Austin . University of Texas Press, 1970 (English).
  • Michael J. Levin: Agents of Empire. Spanish Ambassadors in Sixteenth-Century Italy . Cornell University Press, New York 2005 (English).
  • Mendoza, Diego Hurtado de . In: DC Gilman, HTPeck, FM Colby (Eds.): New International Encyclopedia . 1st edition. Dodd, Mead, New York 1905 (This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helen Nader: The Mendoza Family in the Spanish Renaissance 1350-1550 . 1979, p. xiii & 151 . ; a family tree based on the information from Nader can be found in: Félix Salgado Olmeda: Humanismo y coleccionismo librario en el siglo XV (Dipt. Provincial de Guadalajara) . 1995, p. 134 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e Mendoza, Diego Hurtado de . In: Hugh Chisholm (Ed.): Encyclopædia Britannica . 11th edition. tape 18 . Cambridge University Press, 1911, pp. 126 (English, Mendoza, Diego Hurtado de ).
  3. ↑ Diego de Mendoza Hurtade . In: Charles Herbermann (Ed.): Catholic Encyclopedia . Robert Appleton Company, New York 1913 (English, Diego Hurtade de Mendoza ).
  4. ↑ El Lazarillo no es anónimo ( es ) El Mundo (Spain). Retrieved April 20, 2017.
personal data
SURNAME Mendoza y Pacheco, Diego Hurtado de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish Renaissance poet and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH 1503
PLACE OF BIRTH Granada
DATE OF DEATH August 14, 1575
Place of death Madrid