Diego Manuel Chamorro Bolaños

Diego Manuel Chamorro Bolaños (born August 9, 1861 in Nandaime , † October 12, 1923 in Managua ) was President of Nicaragua from January 1, 1921 to October 12, 1923 .

Life

Diego Manuel Chamorro Bolaños was the son of Pedro Joaquín Chamorro y Alfaro , a half-brother of Fruto Chamorro Pérez . He was married to his second cousin, Dolores Bolaños Chamorro, with whom he had a daughter, Mercedes Chamorro Bolaños.

Chamorro Bolaños belonged to the Partido Conservador de Nicaragua , he was considered one of the intellectuals of this party. Under Adolfo Díaz he was Nicaragua's Foreign Minister from May 9, 1911 to January 1, 1917 . In 1921 Don Diego succeeded his nephew Emiliano Chamorro Vargas in the presidency. In his party, as in the competing Partido Liberal , many declared his election to be fraudulent.

1921 Constituyente Centroamericana

Concern about the US military intervention in Nicaragua 1909–1925 was instrumentalized in intercentral American foreign policy in order to neutralize the power of the Nicaraguan government. In 1921, on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Central America's independence from Spain, the Honduran President Rafael López Gutiérrez invited to a conference at which a Pacto de Unión de Centro América was signed. After Nicaragua withdrew from the pact and it was not signed in the parliament of Costa Rica , this Unión de Centro América consisted of El Salvador , Guatemala and Honduras . A provisional Federal Council set up a Constituent Assembly , which in 1921 enacted a constitution for the República Federal de Centro América . Policarpo Bonilla became president of this body . During his presidency, Chamorro Bolaños put down an attempted coup by the Partido Liberal de Honduras in the army and, with an agreement with the President of Honduras, Rafael López Gutiérrez, prevented the Honduran government's further support for the Partido Liberal de Nicaragua.

1923 Tratado General de Paz Y Amistad

Immediately after the government of Chamorro Bolaños withdrew from the Constituyente Centroamericana and thus from the Unión de Centro América , talks began about another Tratado General de Paz Y Amistad ('Peace and Friendship Treaty') after the 1907 back on the cruiser USS Tacoma which anchored in the port of Corinto (Nicaragua) . and again with a subsequent contract signature on February 7, 1923 in Washington. The treaty reaffirmed the principle of mutual non-recognition of governments that had come into office by force, obliged to limit arms, and the formation of investigative courts for future conflicts that affect individual states. The diplomatic dealings of the Chamorro Bolaños government with the Constituyente Centroamericana and the Tratado General de Paz Y Amistad from 1923 contributed to the end of the first US intervention in Nicaragua.

Ley Dodd

In Washington, agreements were also reached on the electoral process in the five Central American states. The corresponding electoral law was ratified by Nicaragua on March 20, 1923 and - commonly known as Ley Dodd - adopted by parliament. It was based largely on suggestions from the American political scientist Harold Willis Dodds (1889–1980). The law was based on a two-party system that was difficult to overcome. It was also allowed that representatives of the US armed forces participate in the electoral authority, the Consejo Nacional de Elecciones .

additional

The Chamorro government Bolaños centralized the Córdoba - emission in the Banco Nacional de Nicaragua and committed itself to a gold standard .

Private educational institutes were permitted again, and as a result the Society of Jesus was able to become active again in the educational sector.

When Chamorro Bolaños died in office, his deputy, Bartolomé Martínez González , took over the office until the end of the legislative period on January 1, 1925.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.manfut.org/cronologia/p1s.html
2. ↑ http://www.fortunecity.com/athena/pearl/29/ruln2.html ( Memento from March 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
3. ↑ en: Chamorro (family)
4. ↑ La Prensa , History of the Elections from 1820 to 1996 ( Memento of December 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (Spanish)
5. ↑ El Nuevo Diario , April 8, 2006, De Dodd a Trivelli, with excerpt from Ley Dodd ( Memento of February 20, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (Spanish)

predecessor	Office	successor
José Dolores Gomez	Nicaraguan Foreign Minister May 9, 1911 to January 1, 1917	Mariano Zelaya
	Minister of Education 1915 to January 1, 1917	David Arellano Sequeira (1872-1928)
Emiliano Chamorro Vargas	President January 1, 1921–12. October 1923	Bartolomé Martínez González