Dmitri Mikhailovich Karbyshev
Dmitri Michailowitsch Karbyschew ( Russian Дмитрий Михайлович Карбышев , scientific transliteration Dmitrij Michajlovič Karbyšev ; * October 14th July / October 26th 1880 greg. In Omsk , Russian Empire ; † February 18, 1945 in the Imperial Mauthausen concentration camp ) was a Russian officer Russian Army , Lieutenant General of the Red Army , professor of the Academy of the General Staff of the RKKA and posthumous Hero of the Soviet Union .
Life
Dmitri Karbyshev was the son of Mikhail Ilyich Karbyshev (1829-1892), a noble military officer, born in Omsk.
Russo-Japanese War
In the Russo-Japanese War Karbyshev served with the rank of Poruchik and took part in the Battle of Mukden , one of the largest land battles that took place before the First World War (with over 600,000 soldiers participating).
In 1906 Karbyshev resigned from the army and lived in Vladivostok , but returned to Saint Petersburg and the army in 1908 . In 1911 Karbyshev, who had meanwhile been promoted to staff captain , was transferred to Brest-Litovsk , where he was involved in expanding the fortifications of the Brest fortress .
First World War
During the First World War Karbyshev served in General Brusilov's 8th Army and took part in the siege of Przemyśl . For his bravery he was awarded the Order of St. Anne and promoted to lieutenant colonel. In 1916 Karbyshev took part in the Brusilov offensive .
Russian civil war
In December 1917 Karbyshev joined the Red Guard in Mogilev-Podolskij and in 1918 the Red Army , in whose ranks he fought in the Russian Civil War.
After the civil war, Karbyshev taught at the Frunze Military Academy in Moscow from 1926 . From 1938 Karbyshev was a professor at the Academy of the General Staff of the RKKA . In 1940 he was promoted to lieutenant general of the engineering troops.
Winter war
Karbyshev took part in the winter war between Finland and the Soviet Union in 1939/1940 and was involved in the breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line .
Second World War
At the beginning of the German-Soviet War Karbyshev served on the staff of the 3rd Army in Grodno . Two days after the outbreak of war, Karbyshev joined the 10th Army, which was surrounded by the Wehrmacht on June 27, 1941. On August 8, Karbyshev tried to break out of the pocket. He lost consciousness in an explosion and was captured by the Germans.
Karbyshev was held in various concentration camps, including a. in the Hammelburg concentration camp , Flossenbürg concentration camp , Majdanek concentration camp , Auschwitz concentration camp , Sachsenhausen concentration camp and Mauthausen concentration camp . German generals offered Karbyshev several times to cooperate with the Wehrmacht , they hoped he would take over the leadership of the Russian Liberation Army . Karbyshev refused each time. He was murdered in Mauthausen concentration camp on February 18, 1945, and his body was cremated there.
In front of the main entrance of the Mauthausen memorial there is now a memorial in honor of Karbyshev, made by the sculptor Vladimir Efimovich Zigal .
family
- Father: Mikhail Ilyich Karbyshev (1829-1892)
- First wife: Alissa Karlowna Trojanowitsch (1874–1913)
- Second wife: Lidija Wassiljewna Opazkaja (1891–1976)
- Daughter: Jelena (1919-2006)
- Daughter: Tatjana (1926-2003)
- Son: Alexej (1929–1988)
Awards
- Russian Empire
- Order of Saint Vladimir IV Class (1904)
- Russian Order of Saint Anne II Class (1915)
- Order of St. Stanislaus II Class (1905)
- Russian Order of Saint Anne III. Class (1905)
- Order of St. Stanislaus III. Class (1904)
- Russian Order of Saint Anne IV Class (1905)
- Soviet Union
- Hero of the Soviet Union (1946)
- Order of Lenin (1946)
- Order of the Red Banner (1940)
- Order of the Red Star (1938)
- Anniversary medal "XX Years of the Red Workers and Peasants Army" (1938)
Honors
The asteroid (1959) Karbyshev of the main belt , which was discovered on July 14, 1972 by the astronomer Lyudmyla Shuravlowa at the Crimean Observatory in Nautschnyj , was named after Karbyshev.
Web links
- Biography of Karbyshev on warheroes.ru (Russian)
- mauthausen.ru
- hrono.ru (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ The indomitable General Karbyshev , aif.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Article about General Karbyshev on russianvienna.com (Russian)
- ↑ minorplanetcenter.net , Asteroid (1959) Karbyshev = 1971 DN1 = 1972 NB
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Karbyshev, Dmitri Michailowitsch |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Карбышев, Дмитрий Михайлович (Russian) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian Soviet general |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 26, 1880 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Omsk |
DATE OF DEATH | February 18, 1945 |
Place of death | Mauthausen concentration camp |