Dohna feud

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The Dohna feud was a dispute that lasted from 1385 to 1402 between the Burgraves of Dohna , who lived in the Eastern Ore Mountains, on the one hand, and the Saxon nobleman Hans von Körbitz and the Meissen Margrave Wilhelm I on the other.

course

Family coat of arms of the Counts of Dohna
Dohna Castle (with buildings from the 19th and 20th centuries)

The dispute began in 1385 at a Dresden aristocratic dance, initially as a personal dispute between Hans von Körbitz and the young burgrave Jeschke . After Jeschke had unabashedly flirted with Körbitz's wife, the latter tripped him, to which the Dohnaer reacted with a slap in the face. Nickel von Köckeritz described this incident in 1482 as follows: The first unwille had an beginning: it was one of Korbs who suggested the young Jeschken beyn under uff the tantzhawse in Dresden, so slugk her Jeschko Korbs uffs mawl.

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The feud that started in this way led to Hans von Körbitz besieging Dohna and Jeschke's father, the old burgrave Otto Heyde II. , And his brother Otto Heyde III. captured. Jeschke himself was able to escape captivity. While his brother was freed from captivity (the sale of Seifersdorf in 1387 is evidence of this ), his father died in captivity.

The private war between the Donins and the Körbitz drew wide circles. The robber baron activities of the Donins hindered trade between Saxony and Bohemia and were therefore a thorn in the side of Margrave Wilhelm I. In the feud, the margrave saw an opportunity to eliminate the burgraves of Dohna as competitors in the dispute over power and influence in the Saxon-Bohemian border area, like the burgraves of Leisnig in 1365 , while the Colditzers had to sell their rule to the margraves in 1404. In addition, Wilhelm I found himself in a strengthened situation after the elimination of the Meissnian-Bohemian border disputes in 1391. At that time the relationship between the Margrave and the Donins still seemed intact, Burgrave Jeschke witnessed the conclusion of the border treaty and his brother Otto Mul also attested a margravial document a year later. But the allegiances changed very frequently at this time.

Wilhelm I used the personal dispute between Hans von Körbitz and Jeschke von Dohna to subjugate the Donins' immediate imperial burgraviate to his rule. In 1399 he had the castle fortifications in Rabenau occupied and in 1401 took over Dippoldiswalde , which also belonged to the Burgraviate of Dohna. In the late summer of 1401 he began the siege of Dohna Castle . This lasted for almost a year. On June 16, 1402, the margrave issued a certificate in front of the castle. Three days later the castle fell and a Meißner Vogt moved in. Burgrave Jeschke managed to escape to Weesenstein . But he was not tolerated either there or in Königstein . He was arrested in Königstein, which still belonged to Bohemia, and beheaded in oven ( Budapest ) in 1403 . It is not known whether his children survived. The faithful servant Jonas Daniel was supposed to bring her to relatives in Königsbrück . But this was attacked and killed on the Königsbrücker Landstrasse (Moritzburger Weg junction). At least this is believed to be the result of the stone cross with the inscription "FINIS MILTIS IHONAS DANIEL" found there. Probably the only survivor was Jeschke's brother Otto Heyde III, who died in Prague in 1415.

consequences

The Donins, who once had their own coins minted, the Donin bracteates , with the Dohnaer Schöppenstuhl had jurisdiction over feudal and inheritance matters and were also feudal lords of numerous vassals , lost in 1402 all of their territories in the Ore Mountains that were given to Saxon nobles as fiefs. Their relatives went to Bohemia under the protection of Emperor Siegmund , who, however, had no means to help them regain rule over Dohna due to the Hussite revolution that broke out immediately .

As a result of the high expenses of Margrave Wilhelm I , who u. a. Created to a large extent by the conquest of Dohna Castle, the land and population were heavily burdened. In addition to special tax levies, the inevitable consequence was an increasing deterioration in the Meissnian groschen currency due to a considerable reduction in the silver content of the coins issued in the main Wettin mint. It was not until 1412 that Frederick the arguable managed to stabilize the currency again.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Alfred Meiche , Historical-topographical description of the Pirna Office, Dresden 1927

literature

  • Kurt Andermann : Nobility feud between right and wrong. The example of the Dohna feud , in: Martina Schattkovsky (Ed.): The von Bünau family. Aristocratic rule in Saxony and Bohemia from the Middle Ages to modern times. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2008 (= writings on Saxon history and folklore, vol. 27), ISBN 978-3-86583-235-1 , pp. 151–166.
  • Hubert Ermisch: The Dohnasche feud , in: New archive for Saxon history and antiquity 22 (1901), pp. 225–290. ( Digitized version )
  • Jürgen Helfricht : True stories about Saxony's most beautiful valley. Taucha 2000. ISBN 3-89772-022-1 .
  • Christine Klecker: How Dohna was lost. Weesenstein Castle Museum 1991.
  • Alfred Meiche : Historical-topographical description of the Pirna administration. Dresden 1927.