Jeschke von Dohna

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Sculpture of a knight, allegedly Burgrave Jeschke, in the Ratskeller in Dohna. On the base the coat of arms of the Donins, the crossed stag poles, as it can be seen on Dohna bracteates and seals.
Jonas cross and explanatory board

Burgrave Jeschke von Dohna (also Jeschke von Donin ; † probably 1403 or 1404) triggered the Dohna feud .

family

He appears in the family table of the Burgraves of Dohna (after Otto Posse ) as Jeschke I, who was executed in 1404. According to Hubert Maximilian Ermisch and Alfred Meiche , however, the execution took place in December 1403. His wife was Katarina née von Weyda. Jeschke's father was Otto Heyde II (1347–1385), the mother was Adelheid, née von Riesenburg. His brothers were Otto Heyde III. (ruling burgrave 1385–1402, † 1415), Otto Mul († 1401), Friedrich I († 1426) of the Order of the Cross Bearers and Jan († 1402). Jeschke had a sister named Margarete.

Jeschke von Dohna and the Dohna feud

Jeschke gave Rütschel (Rudolf) von Körbitz , who belonged to the Meissnian feudal aristocracy and who was one of the numerous invited guests of the Meissnian Margrave Wilhelm I the One-Eyed (1349 / 79–1407), a resounding slap in the face during an argument at the aristocratic dance in the Dresden dance hall . Körbitz had tripped Jeschke beforehand, so that he fell. This triggered the Dohna feud (1385–1402), which was initially fought between the Burgraves of Dohna and the Meissen-Saxon noble family von Körbitz, and later with the Wettin margrave of Meissen Wilhelm. It ended with the loss of the rulership of the Burgraves of Dohna and the entire country belonging to it.

Before the fall of Dohna Castle , Jeschke was able to secretly leave it, according to tradition, using an underground secret passage and flee to Weesenstein , his inheritance since 1394. Georg Friedrich Mörig also mentions the underground passage in his book "Dohna, Stadt und Burg ..." as the reason why Jeschke was able to escape the besieged castle unnoticed:

After his return, the margrave took over the siege himself. While he was keeping the castle locked for a fortnight, Jeschke had escaped through an underground passage during the night and fled to Weesenstein.

When the margrave followed, Jeschke is said to have sent his children Wentzsch and Margaretha, accompanied by his loyal servant Jonas Daniel, to relatives in Königsbrück . However, he was ambushed and murdered. A stone cross with the inscription FIN MILIT HONAS DAN, interpreted as FIN IS MILIT IS I HONAS DAN IEL, is located at the Moritzburger Weg junction from Königsbrücker Landstrasse in Dresden . It is one of the two cultural monuments on the Heller .

Jeschke fled from Weesenstein Castle to the Königstein , the captain of which the Bohemian King Wenzel (1373-1419) had appointed him. From here he went to see King Sigismund (1386–1437) of Hungary, Wenzel's brother, to Ofen (now Budapest). Here he was supposedly beheaded in December 1403 as a peace- breaker.

One can assume that Jeschke did not believe he was adequately supported by King Sigismund and again sought protection and help from his old overlord , King Wenzel, who managed to escape from his captivity in Vienna on November 11, 1403 . Perhaps Jeschke had a hand in the liberation of Wenceslas.

His descendants stayed in Bohemia after Sigismund did not succeed in reacquiring Dohna through the renewed fief in 1423 with the Burgraviate of Dohna.

The Ratskeller is located on the market in Dohna, according to tradition the Burggräfliche Vorwerk and presumably the seat of the Dohnaer Schöppenstuhl . The beautiful columned passage with the sandstone figure of a knight looking towards the castle was only built in 1934 because of the dilapidation of the northern gable end. This sandstone figure is supposed to represent the burgrave Jeschke.

  • Seal of Burgrave Jeschke: Certificate January 2, 1388 (Posse: Plate 6, No. 10)

  • Seal of Burgrave Jeschke: Certificate March 11, 1401 (Posse: Plate 6, No. 11)

literature

  • Max Winkler and Hermann Raußendorf: The burgrave town of Dohna . In: Messages from the Saxon Homeland Security Association . Volume 25, items 1-4, Dresden 1936 ( data set of the German National Library ).
  • Einhart Grotegut, Lutz Henning: Weesenstein: 700 years of castle history . Verlag der Kunst, Dresden 1995, ISBN 3-364-00317-3 .
  • Christine Klecker: How Dohna was lost . Weesenstein Castle Museum, Weesenstein 1991.
  • Hans Eberhard Scholze: Weesenstein Castle . Seemann, Leipzig 1969.
  • Christian Bartsch. History of the old castle and Städgens Dohna. Dresden / Leipzig 1735 ( digitized version )
  • Dohna . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 1st volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1814, p. 756. In it: Burgrave Jeschke
  • Otto Posse (editor): The seals of the nobility of the Wettin region up to the year 1500 , 3rd volume, Dresden 1908, plate 6, nos. 10 and 11: Jeschke von Dohna, dated January 2, 1388 and March 11, 1401 ( Digitized version )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Cf. Christine Klecker: How Dohna was lost . Museum Schloss Weesenstein, Weesenstein 1991, p. 13.
  2. ↑ See SLUB Dresden: Neue Sächsische Kirchengalerie - Die Ephorie Pirna, therein: Die Parochie Dohna, Leipzig 1904, p. 126.
  3. ↑ See: Georg Friedrich Mörig: Dohna, Stadt und Burg from its origins to the most recent times , Dohna 1843, p. 121 .
  4. ↑ Cf. Christine Klecker: How Dohna was lost . Museum Schloss Weesenstein, Weesenstein 1991, p. 13.
  5. ↑ See Dohna . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 1st volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1814, p. 756.
personal data
SURNAME Jeschke von Dohna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jeschke from Donin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German burgrave
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
DATE OF DEATH 1403 or 1404
Place of death Furnace (Buda, Budapest)