Dolní Lomany

Dolní Lomany
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Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
District :	Cheb
Municipality :	Františkovy Lázně
Geographic location :	50 ° 7 '  N , 12 ° 20'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 7 '29 "  N , 12 ° 20' 24"  E
Height:	448  m nm
Residents :	260 (2011)
Postal code :	351 01

Dolní Lomany ( German  Unterlohma ) is a district of the city of Františkovy Lázně in the Czech Republic .

geography

Dolní Lomany is located on the northern edge of an extensive, formerly inaccessible mineral moor area in the Eger Basin , which is about a kilometer northwest of the city center and was incorporated into the city after the area was drained and the spa town of Franzensbad was established in the 19th century. In the south, the village borders on a forest area. Krapice is a good two kilometers to the west . Horní Lomany is just under a kilometer further northeast on the other side of the railway line to Aš and Bad Brambach .

history

In 1320 King Ludwig IV gave the citizen of Eger , Michael Häckel, the grain interest on a farm in Niederlohma as a fief . In 1322 Loman das ober (Oberlohma) and daz nyder (Unterlohma) were on the list of pledged places in the Egerland . In 1544 alum slate , a sulphurous lignite from which alum was extracted, was found between Unterlohma and Tannenberg . In 1560 Pankraz Engelhart, school keeper, chronicler and notary public in Eger built an alum and vitriol hut that did not last long. Even the mining of Glauber's salt was initially not profitable. Only in the 17th century was Glauber's salt successfully marketed by pharmacists in Eger. Unterlohma had considerable natural resources in its sand, kaolin and clay pits. The meadows in the bog areas were good grazing land. Until 1848, the farming village of Unterlohma was subordinate to the city council of Eger and was subject to compulsory service.

Unterlohma helped the spa town of Franzensbad to drain the moor. In 1850 Franzensbad was assigned to the municipality of Unterlohma, whereby all buildings, institutions and springs of the health resort were owned by the city of Eger. In 1852 Franzensbad was officially recognized as a separate municipality into which Unterlohma was now incorporated. By granting the city rights to Franzensbad 1865 Unterlohma was a district.

After that, utilities emerged in Unterlohma, which the city administration did not want in the spa itself. The old slaughterhouse, the new slaughterhouse in the abandoned grinding mill, in 1906 an electricity plant that later also supplied Kropitz, Oberlohma and Schlada with electricity, were built until the overland plants in Asch and Eger took over the power supply in 1910/1911. The Schladabach was straightened, a fire brigade training area was built and promenade paths to Antonienhöhe and Seeberg were laid out. Local residents made a living from agriculture or earned a modest income by renting out accommodation to spa guests. After the end of the Second World War in May 1945, the German-speaking population was expropriated in the course of the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia and forced to leave the place.

Population development

year population 1869 199 1880 381 1890 426 1900 497 1910 621

year population 1921 617 1930 710 1950 325 1961 389 1970 336

year population 1980 274 1991 272 2001 285 2011 260

literature

• Lorenz Schreiner : Eger home district. History of a German landscape in documentaries and memories, Amberg in der Oberpfalz 1981, Unterlohma (Dolni Lomany) , p. 499 f. with a map and location of the 65 houses and the names of their owners from 1945

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on February 5, 2016 (Czech). 
2. ↑ (* Haselbach, around 1500) (short biography in: Josef Weinmann: Egerländer Biografisches Lexikon Volume 1 1985, p. 128)