Žírovice

Žírovice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Karlovarský kraj
District :	Cheb
Municipality :	Františkovy Lázně
Geographic location :	50 ° 8 '  N , 12 ° 21'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 8 '21 "  N , 12 ° 21' 23"  E
Height:	452  m nm
Residents :	354 (2011)
Postal code :	351 01
License plate :	K

Žírovice ( German  Sirmitz ) is a district of Františkovy Lázně in the Czech Republic .

geography

Geographical location

Žírovice is located about 3 kilometers north of Františkovy Lázně .

Neighboring communities

Two kilometers west of Žírovice is Seníky, which also belongs to Františkovy Lázně . Horní Lomany is one and a half kilometers south . Třebeň is located four kilometers to the east . In the north, almost six kilometers away, one reaches Skalná , whereby Starý Rybník has to be passed before entering the town center.

history

In 1297, Engelhart Notthracht von Wildstein gave the Poor Clare monastery in Eger the feudal and interest rights for a farm in "Schirnwicz". As from the large number of subsequent spellings of the place name, e.g. B. 1297 Schirbitz, Schirbicz; 1300 Schirwitz; 1349 Sirmitz; 1392 Sirmicz; 1401 Symmycz; 1424 Ziernicz; 1588 Sirmitz emerges, it was an old Slavic settlement in the Eger basin , which came to the north gau during the German settlement of the Egerland .

In 1300 Eisentrud von Leuchtenberg donated the Sirmitzer Höfe from the house of the Landgraves of Leuchtenberg to the Poor Clares in Eger or the Waldsassen Monastery . At that time, Sirmitz consisted of two farms and was then expanded through settlement. The claw tax book contains the first names of the peasants in inheritance . Further legal information can be found in the Book of Eight of the Egerer Schöffengericht and in the Book of Urgichten from the 16th century. In 1462, 1478 and 1526 Sirmitz was looted and burned down by Bohemian and imperial troops.

At the beginning of the 15th century, the landlord Juncker, a patrician in Eger, had the Sirmitzer pond (7.5 hectares) built by damming the village stream, on which a mill was operated from 1417. In 1442, the Zedtwitz acquired two farms, the income and labor from two other farms were divided between the city of Eger, the monasteries of the Clarissines and the Dominicans in Eger.

From 1380 until the beginning of the Reformation in 1564, Sirmitz belonged to the parish in Oberlohma. Until the re-Catholicization in 1628, no more preaching was done in Sirmitz. After 1740 Sirmitz belonged again to the parish of Oberlohma until 1945. In 1891, when the districts were redistributed, Sirmitz was assigned to the Trebendorf community with the Rohr district. In 1904 Sirmitz (with Stadl) got a two-class elementary school and until 1945 was a municipality with the districts Sirmitz, Hoihaus and Stadl.

The arable soils in Sirmitz were of different quality. The most fertile soils were in the direction of the Hoihaus. There was enough drinking water in the village from wells and pumps. When Franzensbad developed into a health resort, workers, employees and business people also settled in Sirmitz. The farming village gradually became a suburb of Franzensbad, which led to changes in social and political life. The pond in Sirmitz was used as a bathing beach in summer.

After the Munich Agreement , the place was added to the German Empire and belonged to the district of Eger until 1945 .

Bronze Age urn field of Žírovice (Sirmitz)

In 1929 a spa guest discovered a grave in the grove near the Sirmitzer mill pond. The local historian Alois John from Oberlohma had the vessel recovered. The archaeologist and prehistorian Anton Gnirs (1873–1933) took over the excavations, and descriptions of the location and the recovery of finds from an urn field from the Bronze Age were created . The Eger professor Josef Hiersche took care of the site. He lived for years in a small wooden house near the urn field and devoted himself to further scientific research into the burial field with the funeral urns . He carefully uncovered 17 graves. He handed the finds over to the museum in Franzensbad . He died at this research center at the end of the Second World War. He reported on the excavations in the 1930 yearbook of Eger. The area with the urn field was popularly known as "im Haugn".

Population development

year population 1869 316 1880 504 1890 509 1900 538 1910 652

year population 1921 566 1930 706 1950 253 1961 325 1970 261

year population 1980 196 1991 161 2001 214 2011 354

literature

• Lorenz Schreiner (Ed.): Eger home district. History of a German landscape in documentaries and memories , Amberg in der Oberpfalz 1981, p. 90 f. The prehistoric urn field of Sirmitz; P. 472 ff. Sirmitz with the district Hoihaus, CSR and CSSR Zitovice, with maps from 1945. the names of those who fell in the two world wars of the 20th century and the house owners of Sirmitz and Hoihaus with 78 house numbers in 1945
• Alois John : The urn finds near Sirmitz in the municipal museum of Franzensbad , in: Our Egerland , year 35, 1933
• Josef G. Hiersche: The Bronze Age urn field near Sirmitz , in our Egerland , 1932
• Josef Cartellieri: The prehistoric and paleomological collection of the city of Franzensbad , Franzensbad 1904

Web links

Commons : Žírovice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on February 5, 2016 (Czech).