Bardenitz village church
The Bardenitz village church is a sacred building from the first half of the 13th century and the only village church in the region made entirely of bricks . The listed building in the formerly independent village of Bardenitz has belonged to the small town of Treuenbrietzen in the state of Brandenburg since it was incorporated at the end of 2002 .
history
The exact construction period is not known. Due to the structure and the Romanesque style elements used, building experts assume that the church was built in the first half of the 13th century. This corresponds to the first mention of Bardenitz in 1268, when a knight Richard von Zerbst sold the village to the Zinna monastery . Over the centuries, the building has been rebuilt several times, so that an exact reconstruction of the original shape has turned out to be rather difficult. It is certain that the first building had a nave with a retracted choir (with the dimensions approx. 6.70 meters × approx. 6.80 meters), on which there is presumably an apse with a width of around six meters and a bulge about three meters connected. This suggests a comparison with the neighboring church in Pechüle .
A connecting arch on the west side of the ship was intended to provide access to a transverse west tower planned in the first construction phase, but not yet implemented . This provisional facility was probably initially closed with bricks and then reopened when the tower substructure was built. Due to the walled up, early Gothic sound arcades, it is assumed that this construction phase could be completed in the 13th century. These openings are now roughly halfway up the tower. Another extension on the north side of the tower provides access to the upper stairs. He is more recent.
Around 1500 the apse and the north and east sides of the choir were torn down. The south wall remained standing. The choir was rebuilt with a straight end, raised higher and has towered over the nave since then. On the south side the choir was extended to the east. On the north side of the choir, which was built in the base from a runner and a truss, two Gothic windows were built in, and another on the south side. The nave, the choir and the tower hall received a rib vault during the renovation work . During the late Gothic period, a sacristy was built in the 16th century with a cell vault typical of the time. Damage from the Thirty Years' War is not recorded. Nevertheless, the roof could be dated to 1664, which suggests that it should be repaired after the war.
In 1960 the parish restored the interior. In 2008 a fundamental renovation began in three construction phases. The building shell, the roof structure and the tower were renovated. The work was officially ended on October 6, 2019 with a festive church service.
architecture
The nave is around 14 meters long and was built from bricks , most of which were laid in Gothic style . There were three Romanesque windows on its north and south sides . The windows on the south side are designed in the shape of a basket arch . At an earlier point in time, they were significantly larger and more pointed, which can be seen from the brick wall above. A similar picture emerges on the north side: Here, however, only the left and right windows have been lowered and enlarged. The arches cut the originally Romanesque windows. In the case of the right-hand window, the remains of two different arches can be seen which are cut by the window. This cannot be seen on the south side. To the right below the middle window on the north side, a north portal can be seen, walled up in two different periods of time. Above this is a cross made of bricks about one meter high and about 60 centimeters wide. A triangular canopy can be seen above the cross.
In the 21st century, the choir has two narrow, arched windows. In between there is a plastered, rectangular panel as well as an irregular decoration with masonry stones. The gable of the choir, with two tall, pointed arch aperture graded and two, halbspitzbogigen aperture on each side decorated. On the south side of the choir, two arched windows have been preserved, of which the eastern one was also designed in the shape of a pointed arch at an earlier time. The same design elements can be seen on the north side of the choir on the two west-facing windows, while this feature is missing on the east-facing window. A simple door with a canopy has been preserved in the direction of the nave.
The transverse rectangular tower, built at a later date, has the dimensions 5.70 meters × 8.50 meters in its base. Access is via a simple double-winged door made of dark wood . On the north and south sides of the tower, a bricked-up, pointed arch-shaped sound arcade from the first construction phase can be seen. They are supplemented by two walled-up, arched openings on the west side. A small double-sash window is arranged in the middle below. Below the eaves there are a total of six arched sound openings: two each on the west and east side and one each on the north and south side. A tower clock is incorporated between the two openings on the west side . The tower closes off with a reddish-tipped hipped roof , on which an octagonal roof turret adjoins in the middle , which is clad with dark wood. It is crowned by a hexagonal helmet with a wind vane and a star. Two further windows can be seen on the two gables .
Interior
The altar table was also made of brick. The shape of the bricks suggests that it was built at the time the choir was widened. The wooden altarpiece dates from 1721 and shows the crucifixion of Christ . The painting by an unknown artist is framed by pillars decorated with acanthus leaves. Above are two putti as well as a gable with the Easter lamb and a victory flag. The pulpit, also made of wood, was made of wood in the 18th century and stands on an eight-sided, tulip-shaped basket that shows Jesus Christ and the evangelists . The pulpit is closed with a sound cover , which is also decorated with putti. The church stalls date from the 17th century. The age of the tulip-shaped fifth could not be precisely dated; the tulip-shaped stone probably comes from the late Gothic period. The pulpit and altar were paid for by the bailiff Johann Vieth , the pastor Handschke , the church leaders Hans Henkel and Peter Hagen and the sexton Martin Wiesemann . They wrote the dedication on the back of the altar: What use us altar and pulpit, if we will only rotten fruit . The folding altar in the sacristy from the 1960s was made by the Kleinmachnow sculptor Hermann Lohrisch . It is decorated with the words from the Gospel according to Matthew 11:28 (“Come to me all”). The organ with a prospect from the 18th century stands on a west gallery , which is decorated with writing and picture panels from the 17th century. The ribbed vaults of the nave, the choir and the tower date from the 15th century. The keystones are decorated with geometric figures. Between the choir and the nave there is a triumphal arch with a width of 3.75 meters, on the northern side of which there is a sandstone tombstone with the relief of the pastor Elias Michael Handschke, which is dated to the year 1731. The wall paintings probably date from the beginning of the 16th century. They show Saint Catherine on the south wall of the nave and the handkerchief of Veronica on the triumphal arch .
literature
- Evangelical Church District Zossen-Fläming Synodal Committee for Public Relations (Ed.): Between Heaven and Earth - God's Houses in the Church District Zossen-Fläming , Laserline GmbH, Berlin, p. 180, 2019
Web links
- Bardenitz (Protestant village church) , website of Theo Engeser at FU-Berlin, accessed on October 30, 2014
- Romanesque routes in Berlin and Brandenburg - village churches Bardenitz and Pechüle
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information brochure Die Dorfkirche von Bardenitz , display in the church, November 2016.
- ↑ Thomas Wachs: Work on the historic village church in Bardenitz is now in the second phase of construction . In: Märkische Allgemeine , June 14, 2008, accessed on October 24, 2014.
- ^ Christiane Rossner: Everything brick - restoration completed: Die Dorfkirche Bardenitz , In: Monuments , Edition 1/2020, pp. 28 and 29.
Coordinates: 52 ° 4 ′ 24.3 ″ N , 12 ° 56 ′ 35 ″ E