Schönhausen village church (Elbe)
The Protestant village church in Schönhausen (Elbe) is an early brick church in the Romanesque style in the Elbe-Havel-Land association in the Altmark in Saxony-Anhalt . It belongs to the parish of Schönhausen in the parish Schönhausen of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany and is a station on the Romanesque Road . The village church was Otto von Bismarck's baptistery in 1815 .
History and architecture
The Schönhausen village church is an important Romanesque brick building in the successor to the church of the Jerichow monastery and is one of the earliest medieval brick structures in central Germany. It was officially consecrated in 1212 and is therefore definitely dated. The church is a six-bay basilica without a transept , with a choir square and semicircular apse as well as an unusually powerful transverse rectangular western building . It is consecrated to Mary , the Mother of God, and to St. Willibrord . The roof structure was dendrochronologically (d) to 1484/85.
The brick masonry with pilaster strips is remarkably carefully executed and decorated with cross-arch , diamond and tooth-cut friezes . Round arch friezes can also be found on the west building .
The building is accessed by a portal in the west and south, the western portal is walled up. The portals are built into rectangular wall projections and partly decorated with round bars in the steps. Most of the windows have been preserved in their original state, only in the side aisles have been partially changed in Baroque style, with two windows in the north and one window in the south aisle remaining in their original state.
The bell storey of the west building is provided with round-arched sound openings and finished off with a gable roof between each gable on the north and south sides; In each of the gables there are three pyramidal arched openings or panels. Similar to the related village church of Melkow, there are numerous grooves and pans on the outside of the church.
The interior was repaired after damage in the Thirty Years War between 1665 and 1712. Nevertheless, the original condition is well preserved: the choir is closed with a slightly pointed arched barrel vault , into which the high-seated windows cut, while the apse is provided with a semi-dome. There are fighters on the apse and triumphal arches . The original sacristy with a barrel vault is attached to the north side of the choir; the current sacristy was added to the south side of the choir towards the end of the 19th century.
Restoration work on the inside was carried out in the years after 1980, another restoration began in 1989 and included a tower renovation in 1992/93.
Furnishing
Main pieces of equipment
The oldest piece is a carved crucifix on a renewed cross in the triumphal arch, which is one of the most important works of late Romanesque sculpture. It was dated to around 1236 (d) and belongs to the style level before the triumphal cross in Halberstadt Cathedral . As on this, the feet of Christ are individually nailed, but in contrast to the Halberstadt cross, the crucified one stands upright with his head not (as in Halberstadt) inclined. The calmness of the posture of the crucified Christ corresponds to the flat folds of the loincloth.
On the threshold from the 17th to the 18th century, the baroque altarpiece was built , which shows a crucifixion painting framed by three columns with two evangelist figures placed on the side. Above it, Christ is depicted with the victory flag.
The baptismal font from the early 13th century shows under the edge of cuppa a plastic sheet Fries. The richly carved pulpit with lavish acanthus ornamentation probably comes from the master of the pulpit of the Brandenburg Cathedral . On the north side of the nave there are manorial galleries from around 1700 with rich carvings, which, in addition to fittings and acanthus ornamentation, also shows the alliance coat of arms of Bismarck and von Katte .
Funerary monuments and epitaphs
Numerous grave monuments and epitaphs of the von Bismarck family complete the equipment. There are three tombstones in the south aisle from the 16th century. On the north wall of the choir is a wooden trophy epitaph for Georg Friedrich von Bismarck († 1696). Above the second northern pillar is a stone trophy epitaph of Christoph Friedrich I von Bismarck († 1704) with the bust of the deceased in oval high relief, crowned by two flying genii . Also worth mentioning is a stone relief tablet for Georg Heinrich von Bismarck († 1729) on the fifth pillar on the south side with a life-size bust of the deceased painted on copper. Above is a large, richly decorated wooden epitaph for Augustus I von Bismarck († 1670) and his wife, which was probably set by one of the sons around 1700. There is also the stone epitaph for Augustus II von Bismarck († 1732) and his wife († 1719) with the half-length portraits of the couple in high relief and allegorical figures, which is mounted high between the ceilings above the third pillar on the south side. An inscription tombstone for Valentin Busso von Bismarck († 1679) can be found on the fifth north pillar. Finally, on the south side of the choir, there is a stone epitaph for Ernst Friedrich von Bismarck († 1775) in the form of a large urn with a mourning genius and an inscription plaque.
organ
The organ has a five-axis prospect with rococo ornamentation and was built by Gottlieb Scholtze around 1760/70 . It was restored in 2010 by Orgelbau Reinhard Hüfken and returned to its original condition. The disposition is:
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literature
- Georg Dehio : Handbook of the German art monuments. Saxony Anhalt I. District of Magdeburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , pp. 845–847.
Web links
- Website of the parish area Schönhausen
- The village church of St. Marien and Willebrord in 115 pictures
- Romanesque Road - Northern Route
Individual evidence
- ^ Damian Kaufmann: The Romanesque brick village churches in the Altmark and in the Jerichower Land. Verlag Ludwig, Kiel 2010, ISBN 978-3-86935-018-9 , pp. 433-437.
- ↑ Information on the restoration of the organ in Schönhausen on the Hüfken company website. Retrieved October 31, 2017 .
Coordinates: 52 ° 34 '58 " N , 12 ° 2' 8.5" E