Schönhausen (Elbe)
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
|---|---|---|
.svg)
|
Coordinates: 52 ° 35 ' N , 12 ° 2' E |
|
| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony-Anhalt | |
| County : | Stendal | |
| Association municipality : | Elbe-Havel-Land | |
| Height : | 34 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 74.09 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 2091 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 28 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 39524 | |
| Area code : | 039323 | |
| License plate : | SDL, HV, OBG | |
| Community key : | 15 0 90 500 | |
| Association administration address: | Bismarckstrasse 11 39524 Schönhausen (Elbe) |
|
| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Jürgen Mund ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the community Schönhausen (Elbe) in the district of Stendal | ||
 _in_SDL.png) |
||
Schönhausen (Elbe) is a municipality in the Stendal district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the seat of the Elbe-Havel-Land Association , to which another five communities belong.
geography
The community of Schönhausen (Elbe) is located 70 km north of Magdeburg , on the eastern side of the Elbe , halfway between Stendal and Rathenow . Despite its location in the east of the Elbe, Schönhausen (excluding districts), like the nearby Fischbeck , is historically part of the Altmark . While the remaining areas between the Elbe and Havel were predominantly part of the Jerichow District of the Archbishopric and later Duchy of Magdeburg .
history
Schönhausen was founded at the beginning of the 13th century by the Bishop of Havelberg . The oldest building in the village is the Romanesque brick church , consecrated in 1212 . After the Reformation , Schönhausen came to the Electorate of Brandenburg . Through the so-called permutation treaty (an exchange of territory) the place became property of the Bismarcks in 1562 . During the Thirty Years War the village was badly destroyed by the Swedes in 1642 . At the beginning of the 18th century, the Bismarcks built two castles: Castle I was completed around 1700 and from 1729, under August II. Von Bismarck (May 15, 1666– June 18, 1732), Castle II in Schönhausen Palace I Otto von Bismarck was born; however, his family moved to Pomerania the following year .
In 1830 the Magdeburg merchant and later Magdeburg city councilor Ernst August Gaertner bought the over-indebted Schönhausen II Palace, which until then belonged to a different branch of the Bismarck family. The new resident Gaertner subsequently proved to be a committed supporter of Schönhausen by renovating the church tower with the burial place of the Bismarcks , as well as expansion of the cemetery on own premises. After Ernst August Gaertner's death in 1862, his son August Emil Gaertner took over the Schönhausen II estate. Finally, in 1885 it was bought "by the German nation" and given to Bismarck on his 70th birthday. The Bismarck Museum, which was then established there, existed at this location until 1948. After that, the main building was converted into a primary school.
After the death of his father in 1845, Otto von Bismarck took over Gut Schönhausen I, moved to Schönhausen and soon became dike captain of the Middle Elbe in Jerichow . When he moved into the United Landtag in 1847 , later in the Prussian Landtag in 1849, in 1851 to Frankfurt and 1859 to Petersburg as envoy , his neighbor Ernst August Gaertner initially took over the office of dike captain and later also the administration of the Bismarck property. This probably took place from the Gaertner House, which is still known today as the Gaertner House, which with its appealing architecture and furnishings still reflects its former purpose as the apartment of a lady of the Bismarck family.
On October 16, 1917, there was a serious railway accident : a special train with children and a freight train collided. 26 people died and 16 others were injured.
On October 1, 1910, the manor districts Schönhausen I and II were combined to form the manor district Schönhausen. On September 30, 1928 the main part of the manor district of Schönhausen was united with the rural community of Schönhausen. An exclave in size of 13 hectares came to the rural community Fischbeck.
The manor and Schönhausen I palace were expropriated without compensation in 1945. On August 2, 1958, Castle I was blown up at the instigation of the GDR leadership, who viewed it as a symbol of Prussian militarism . Thanks to the courage of a single person who refused to leave the house, a side wing called the gatehouse was preserved. The castle's furnishings became part of the current Schönhausen Bismarck Museum.
On January 1, 2010 Hohengöhren was incorporated.
politics
Community structure
The districts of Hohengöhren (since January 1, 2010), Hohengöhren-Damm and Schönhausen-Damm belong to Schönhausen .
Municipal council
Local election 2014:
- CDU: 7 seats
- SPD: 2 seats
- Left: 2 seats
- Alternative voter community Schönhausen: 2 seats
- FDP: 1 seat
The mayor is also a member of the municipal council.
coat of arms
The coat of arms was redesigned by the local heraldist Jörg Mantzsch and approved by the district on April 24, 2006. The basis was the coat of arms of the noble family von Bismarck .
Blazon : "In blue, a golden shamrock angled by three silver oak leaves."
The colors of the community are - derived from the main motif and shield colors - white-blue.
flag
The flag is white-blue (1: 1) striped (longitudinal shape: stripes running vertically, transverse shape: stripes running horizontally) and centered with the municipal coat of arms.
Town twinning
The partner community of Schönhausen is Kirchlinteln in Lower Saxony .
Culture and sights
The Bismarck Museum, established in 1998 , is housed in the preserved side wing, the so-called gatehouse of Castle I. Castle II, also preserved as an ensemble, gives an impression of the former splendor of the two manors in Schönhausen. It was used as a school from 1950 to 2005. The “Otto von Bismarck” secondary school was last housed.
Schloss II has been used as a multifunctional community center since 2012. This is where both the community of Schönhausen and the Elbe-Havel-Land association have their headquarters. Since then, the park of Castle II has also been refurbished based on the original.
Also noteworthy is the Romanesque brick church, built in 1212, with an impressive west building .
The baroque park was formerly part of the Schönhausen I manor. The sandstone statue of Hercules still preserved in it is said to have the disgrace of his rear part due to a shotgun shot by Bismarcks after an unsuccessful hunt.
Schönhausen II also formerly had its own park; A witness of this is the street "Am Park", which is adjacent to the property at the rear; Here the former size of this manor can also be seen, which, like Schönhausen I, had around 500 hectares.
Religions
The Protestant church in Schönhausen is the seat of the parish area Schönhausen, to which, in addition to Schönhausen with the Romanesque church of St. Marien and Willebrord , the communities Ferchels, Hohengöhren, Lübars-Neuermark, Molkenberg and Schollene also belong. The parish area Schönhausen belongs to the parish of Stendal in the provost district of Stendal-Magdeburg of the Evangelical Church in Central Germany .
After Catholic evacuees from the Saar region and the Trier area, after the Second World War from the eastern regions of the German Empire , had settled in Schönhausen from 1939 onwards, the Tangermünde Catholic parish set up a service station in Schönhausen. From 1955 to 1958, with the help of the Bonifatiuswerk, a Catholic church was built in Schönhausen and named after the Archangel Michael . In 1956 the foundation stone was laid , and on September 26 In 1959, their consecration . In 1976 Schönhausen came back to the Tangermünde parish. Due to a decline in visitor numbers, the last Holy Mass took place around 1994 , and the church on Trübenstrasse was sold around 2007. The nearest Catholic church is now the Trinity Church in Tangermünde, about 7 kilometers away.
The 2011 census in the European Union showed that around 21% of the 2,317 inhabitants of the community “Schönhausen (Elbe)” belonged to the Protestant and almost 3% to the Catholic Church.
Transport links
Schönhausen (Elbe) train station is north of the town on the Berlin-Lehrter Railway and is served by the regional train line RB13 Rathenow - Stendal every two hours. The Hanover – Berlin high-speed line passes the town immediately north of the Berlin-Lehrter Railway without stopping.
Regional bus transport is carried out by Regionalverkehr Westsachsen under the brand name stendalbus . With the state bus 900, Stendal, Tangermünde , Havelberg and Glöwen can be reached directly.
The place is on the B 107 Pritzwalk –Havelberg– Genthin . In addition, a road leads north-east to the Schönhauser Damm housing estate.
Personalities
- Ernst August Gaertner (* 1794 in Magdeburg , † 1862 in Schönhausen), liberal politician, entrepreneur, dike captain on the Middle Elbe and philanthropist.
- Otto von Bismarck (* 1815 in Schönhausen, † 1898 in Friedrichsruh), first Chancellor of the German Empire, born in the now defunct castle
- Alwin Belger (* 1891 in Schönhausen; † 1945 in Bremen-Vegesack ), educator and writer
- Hannah von Bredow (* 1893 in Schönhausen, † 1971 in Hamburg-Bergedorf ), opponent of National Socialism
- Otto Fürst von Bismarck (* 1897 in Schönhausen, † 1975 in Friedrichsruh), politician, member of the Reichstag and Bundestag
- Annett Louisan (* 1977 in Havelberg ), grew up in Schönhausen, musician
literature
- Brigitte Neumann: The Bismarcks in the village church in Schönhausen. Parish council of the Evangelical parish Schönhausen / Elbe, 1998.
- Otto von Bismarck-Schönhausen - In the footsteps of the first Reich Chancellor. Community of Schönhausen, 2001.
- Bernhard Bleis: Family book Schönhausen-Elbe (district of Stendal) 1650 to 1900 with Schönhauser Damm. 2 volumes. Leipzig: AMF 2005 (= Central German local family books of the AMF 20)
Broadcasting feature
- Jens Sparschuh : Renting Prince von Bismarck for celebrations. A feature from mdr-kulturradio, 2015. Description and link
Web links
- Website of the community of Schönhausen (Elbe)
- Website of the Bismarck Foundation with information about the museum
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Saxony-Anhalt, population of the municipalities - as of December 31, 2019 (PDF) (update) ( help ).
- ^ Hans Joachim Ritzau: Railway disasters in Germany. Splinters of German history . Vol. 1: Landsberg-Pürgen 1979, p. 91.
- ↑ Administrative region of Magdeburg (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Government of Magdeburg . 1910, ZDB -ID 3766-7 , p. 354 .
- ↑ Administrative region of Magdeburg (Ed.): Official Gazette of the Government of Magdeburg . 1928, ZDB -ID 3766-7 , p. 224 .
- ↑ StBA: Area changes from January 01 to December 31, 2010
- ^ State statistical office Saxony-Anhalt - area and elections, municipal council election - community Schönhausen (Elbe). In: stala.sachsen-anhalt.de. Retrieved April 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Schönhausen Municipal Council at elbe-havel-land.de, accessed on April 26, 2017
- ↑ Public announcement of the district of Stendal - approval of the coat of arms and the flag of the community Schönhausen (Elbe) . In: Landkreis Stendal - The District Administrator (Hrsg.): Official Journal for the Landkreis Stendal . Volume 16, No. 9 . Magdeburger General-Anzeiger GmbH, Stendal May 3, 2006, 1st district of Stendal, p. 79 f . ( PDF; 1 MB [accessed November 30, 2015]).
- ↑ Homepage of the Evangelical Parish Area Schönhausen
- ↑ Chronicle of the Elisabeth Church
- ↑ Database Census 2011, Schönhausen (Elbe), Religion
Aland | Altmark Height | Altmark wipes | Arneburg | Bismark (Altmark) | Eichstedt (Altmark) | Goldbeck | Hassel | Havelberg | Hohenberg-Krusemark | Iden | Kamern | Klietz | Osterburg (Altmark) | Rochau | Sandau (Elbe) | Schollene | Schönhausen (Elbe) | Seehausen (Altmark) | Stendal | Tangerhütte | Tangermünde | Advertise (Elbe) | Wust-Fischbeck | Zehrental