Doris Maase

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Doris Maase (1958)

Doris Maase (born March 4, 1911 in Briesen (Mark) as Doris Franck ; died September 20, 1979 in Dorfen ) was a German doctor and resistance fighter who, after her imprisonment in the Ravensbrück concentration camp in the Federal Republic of Germany, worked for the KPD in Düsseldorf was active.

Life

Doris Franck came from a socially committed family of doctors, her father Adolf Franck had opened his medical practice in Briesen in 1904. Franck completed a medical degree in Berlin, Rostock and Bonn and in 1931 became a member of the Red Student Union . In the summer of 1933 she was expelled from the university. For the National Socialists she was not only a political opponent, but also “ half-Jewish ” in the sense of the Nazi racial ideology . Her father, "the recognized doctor Dr. Franck, disappeared from Briesen because he was Jewish ”. In October 1933 Doris Franck emigrated to Switzerland to finish her medical studies at the University of Basel . At the end of 1934 she married the engineer Klaus Maase (1904–2001) and moved with him to Düsseldorf. Klaus Maase came from Düsseldorf; his father, the lawyer, pacifist and opposition activist Friedrich Maase , and Hedda Eulenberg were siblings.

Together with her husband and others, she formed a small communist resistance group . Doris and Klaus Maase were arrested on May 27, 1935. One of the charges was the production of leaflets. On September 7, 1936, the People's Court in Berlin sentenced her to three years' imprisonment and three years of loss of honor for “preparing for high treason”. In November 1936 she was transferred to the Ziegenhain prison. There she remained in solitary confinement. In 1938, after the end of her prison term, she was not released but taken into protective custody. For example, from June 10, 1938 to July 18, 1938, she was again held in the Düsseldorf remand prison before she was sent to the Lichtenburg women's concentration camp . From April 1939 to July 1941 she was imprisoned as a political prisoner in the Jewish bloc in the Ravensbrück concentration camp . While working in the infirmary there, she tried to help fellow inmates. So she issued false health certificates and took medicines from the sick bay. Her husband Klaus Maase was a Buchenwald prisoner . The father-in-law Friedrich Maase was expelled from the bar in 1933 and was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp , where he met Benedikt Schmittmann from Düsseldorf in 1939 .

After 1945 Maase lived with her husband again in Düsseldorf, where she resumed her profession as a doctor. In 1947 she was a witness in the Ravensbrück trial and described the deeds of the camp doctor Walter Sonntag , the protective custody camp leaders Max Koegel and Theodor Traugott Meyer , the supervisor Gertrud Rabestein and the supervisors Johanna Langefeld and Emma Zimmer .

She was also committed to the KPD after the war and was elected to the Düsseldorf city ​​council on October 17, 1948 and November 9, 1952 . From 1946 onwards, her husband was an alderman for the city of Düsseldorf in the building construction department, but was dismissed in 1950 for political reasons.

With the ban on the KPD on August 17, 1956, she lost her seat on the city council. In 1958 she ran unsuccessfully as a non-party member of the Düsseldorf state parliament . In the course of the KPD trial, she was sentenced to eight months' imprisonment (on probation), and as a result all compensation and reparation payments were demanded from her.

Through paragraph 6 of the Federal Compensation Act (BEG) of 1956, the year the KPD was banned, members of the Communist Party were retroactively excluded from state reparations even if they had not behaved illegally.

In 1965 she founded the "ravensbrückblätter" and managed it until her death. From 1974 to 1979 she was the spokesperson for the Ravensbrück camp community in the Federal Republic of Germany. She reflected on her experiences in prison and as concentration camp inmate 905.308 in a conversation with Erika Runge in 1975 .

literature

Helga Schwarz and Gerda Szepansky : … and yet flowers bloomed - documents, reports, poems and drawings from everyday life in the camp 1939–1945, ed. Brandenburg State Center for Political Education, Berlin 2000. ( PDF )
  • Resistance and Legacy: Speeches on the occasion of d. Opening d. Exhibition anti-fascist. Resistance 1933–1945 on April 14, 1971 in Munich DNB
  • Erika Runge : Resisting defenselessness (conversation with Doris Maase), in: “Kürbiskern”, issue 4/1975, pp. 145–148; the post is also in:
Hanna Elling: Women in the German Resistance: 1933–45 , Frankfurt am Main: Röderberg-Verlag, 1978 ISBN 3-87682-024-3
  • Sarah Helm: If this is a woman: inside Ravensbrück: Hitler's concentration camp for women . London: Little, Brown, 2015

Movie

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ the biographical information after the testimony in Hamburg and with Norbert Mauritius . Mauritius painted a portrait of Doris Maase (ibid.)
  2. ^ R. Kramarczyk: General history of Briesen at the Odervorland office
  3. ↑ Werner Strache: We were contemporary witnesses at forensics
  4. ↑ Bernd Kortländer: 'Let the spirit be your king! ´ Hedda Eulenberg - a strong woman, a piece of Rhenish cultural history at NRW reading room
  5. ↑ Testimony in Hamburg
  6. ^ Homepage of Benedikt Schmittmann
  7. ^ Member of committees: school committee Nov. 8, 1948–16. Dec 1949; Finance Committee Dec. 17, 1948–17. Aug 1956; Youth Welfare Office Committee Dec. 17, 1948–20. Apr 1950; Youth Care Committee Dec. 17, 1948-14. Jan. 1949 AfStädt. Hospitals Dec. 17, 1948–14. Jan. 1949, Jan. 14, 1950-29. May 1952; Welfare Committee Dec. 17, 1948-14. Jan. 1950; Main Committee Jan. 23, 1950–9. Nov 1952; Culture Committee May 5, 1952–9. Nov 1952; Adult education March 9, 1953–17. Aug. 1956 ( PDF )
  8. ↑ City Archives Düsseldorf Office Chief City Director 1946–1976 (PDF; 651 kB)
  9. ↑ Minutes of the meeting on December 16, 2002
  10. ↑ see “The Ravensbrück Project” and the article in World of Work (PDF; 63 kB) DGB Annual Report 2005-2008, p. 77
  11. ↑ Hans Canjé : The Doris Maase case , review, in: Neues Deutschland , April 11, 2015
  12. ↑ Editor: The concentration camp comes back at night . In: Der Spiegel . No. 13 , 1979 ( online ).
  13. ↑ ravensbrückblätter September 2003
  14. ↑ Klaus Maase was the spokesman for the Buchenwald camp community, cf. The concentration camp comes back at night . In: Der Spiegel . No. 13 , 1973 ( online ).
personal data
SURNAME Maase, Doris
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and resistance fighter
DATE OF BIRTH March 4, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Briesen (Mark)
DATE OF DEATH 20th September 1979
Place of death Villages