Dorothea Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
Dorothea Sophie von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (born October 9, 1636 in Glücksburg , † August 6, 1689 in Karlsbad ), a great-granddaughter of the Danish King Christian III. , was the daughter of Duke Philipp von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Sophie Hedwig von Sachsen-Lauenburg .
Since 1653 she was with Duke Christian Ludwig von Braunschweig-Lüneburg , the brother-in-law of the Danish King Friedrich III. , married and lived with him at Castle Celle . The marriage remained childless. Her husband died in 1665 and she retired to the widow's residence at Herzberg Castle .
Since June 14, 1668 she was married to Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg, from whom she had seven children. In order to ensure the financial support of her four sons, she acquired the rule of Brandenburg-Schwedt and other noble seats in 1670 . From 1676 she became regiment owner of a regiment on foot (1806: No. 7) . Between 1678 and 1692, two frigates of the Brandenburg fleet bore her name (see Dorothea (ship) ).
Their final resting place is in the Hohenzollern Crypt of the Berlin Cathedral . The historic Berlin district of Dorotheenstadt bears her name.
meaning
Dorothea's importance in the time of the Great Elector has been portrayed differently in historiography. On the one hand, it is positively noted that she accompanied her husband on all his campaigns, spent the night on the battlefields, exerted great influence on politics as an equal and discussed all plans with her husband regarding the state (François de Rébenac, the envoy of the French King Louis XIV in Berlin). In addition, she has managed to both increase her own wealth and strengthen the state economy through skillful management and considered investments. At that time, most ruling houses were hit by an acute lack of money.
On the other hand, the Electress was portrayed as scheming, greedy, stingy, false and angry, especially towards her stepchildren. She is also said not to have shrunk from poisoning. She was also accused of making a pact with France, of having accepted a division of the country and thus prevented Prussia from becoming a great power. These negative representations are mainly based on publications after her death, which were mainly distributed in his memoirs by Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz , long-time chamberlain at the Hohenzollern dynasty . Pöllnitz himself was not taken seriously by his contemporaries, but he left traces through his published work, which was also known to Theodor Fontane and which was used in his hikes , section Schloss Köpenick. Fontane writes: Deaths and sudden illnesses aroused suspicion and old fears again, and after Prince Elector Friedrich ſelbſt was afflicted by a violent attack of colic on the occasion of a feast given to him by his stepmother, my fears increased to such an extent that he asked a father for permission to retire to Coepenick Castle. To this day, for example in the biography of the first Prussian King Friedrich I von Marsha and Linda Frey, a negative perception is still present.
progeny
She had the following children from her second marriage:
- Margrave Philipp Wilhelm zu Brandenburg-Schwedt (* May 19, 1669 - December 19, 1711), ⚭ January 25, 1699 Princess Johanna Charlotte von Anhalt-Dessau (* April 6, 1682 - March 31, 1750)
- Maria Amalia (born November 26, 1670; † November 17, 1739), ⚭ I) August 20, 1687 Karl (born November 18, 1664; † March 15, 1688), Hereditary Prince of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, ⚭ II) July 5 1689 Moritz Wilhelm (March 12, 1664 - November 15, 1718), Duke of Saxony-Zeitz
- Albrecht Friedrich (* January 24, 1672; † June 21, 1731), Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, Lord Master of Sonnenburg, ⚭ October 31, 1703 Princess Marie Dorothea von Kurland (* August 2, 1684; † January 17, 1743)
- Karl Philipp (January 5, 1673; † July 23, 1695), Margrave of Brandenburg, ⚭ 1695 Katharina von Balbiano (* 1670; † December 1719)
- Elisabeth Sophie (April 5, 1674 - November 22, 1748), ⚭ I) April 29, 1691 Friedrich Kasimir (* 1650 - January 22, 1698), Duke of Courland, ⚭ II) March 30, 1703 Christian Ernst ( * July 27, 1644; † May 10, 1712), Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, ⚭ III) June 3, 1714 Ernst Ludwig (* October 7, 1672; † November 24, 1724), Duke of Saxony-Meiningen
- Dorothea (6 June 1675 - 11 September 1676)
- Christian Ludwig (* May 24, 1677 - † September 3, 1734), Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, administrator of Halberstadt
literature
- Christine von Brühl : Grace in the Brandenburg sand. The women of the Hohenzollern. Structure, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-351-03597-6 , pp. 56–76. ( books.google.de )
- Ernst Daniel Martin Kirchner: The Electors and Queens on the Throne of the Hohenzollern Volume 2, Wiegand & Grieben, Berlin 1867, p. 308 ( books.google.de )
- Adolf Laminski: The creed of the Electress Dorothea von Brandenburg from the year 1669. In: Uwe Czubatynski (Hrsg.): Church libraries as research task . Degener, Neustadt an der Aisch 1992, ISBN 3-7686-2055-7 , pp. 79-84.
- Toni Saring: Dorothea. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 82 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Heinrich Jobst Graf von Wintzingerode: The Amazon Amazon. Electress Dorothea of Brandenburg. MatrixMedia, Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-932313-48-6 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Dorothea Sophie von Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg in the catalog of the German National Library
- Biography of Heinrich Jobst Graf von Wintzingerode in Frauenorte Brandenburg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ferdinand Fehling (Ed.): Documents and files on the history of Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg, Volume 20, Foreign Acts 4 (France 1667 - 1688), Berlin 1911, p. 433
- ↑ Carl Ludwig von Pöllnitz: Memoirs on the life and government history of the four regents of the Prussian state , Volume 1, Berlin 1791
- ^ Edition of the hikes , Volume 1, Berlin 1862, p. 350
- ↑ Heinrich Jobst Graf von Wintzingerode: The Brandenburg Amazon Electress Dorothea von Brandenburg , Göttingen 2012, ISBN 978-3-932313-48-6 , p. 41
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Dorothea Sophie of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Electress of Brandenburg |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 9, 1636 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Glücksburg |
DATE OF DEATH | August 6, 1689 |
Place of death | Carlsbad |