Dost (genus)

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Dost
Oregano (Origanum vulgare)

Oregano ( Origanum vulgare )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily : Nepetoideae
Genre : Dost
Scientific name
Origanum
L.

The Dost ( Origanum ) or Orant is a genus of the family of the mint (Lamiaceae or Labiatae) in the order of Lippenblütlerartigen ( Lamiales ). Two important aromatic plants belong to this genus, real dost and marjoram .

description

Origanum species are perennial herbaceous plants to subshrubs that smell aromatic. The simple leaves are entire to toothed.

In compound inflorescences , annual partial inflorescences are summarized, which contain many flowers and small bracts . The mostly hermaphrodite, zygomorphic flowers are five-fold. The five sepals are fused bell-shaped. The five white to purple petals are fused bell-shaped. The crown is two-lipped. The upper lip is straight. The lower lip is three-lobed, with the middle lobe larger than the lateral. There is only one circle with four fertile stamens . In purely male flowers, the stamens do not protrude from the crown. The stamens are smooth. Two carpels have become a top permanent ovary grown which is divided by a false septum into four chambers. The decay fruit breaks up into four nuts.

Systematics

The genus Origanum consists of around 40 species, some of which are divided into varieties or subspecies. The revision of the genus by Ietswaart (1980) divides the genus into three groups with a total of 10 sections and also names 17 hybrids. In the system used here, the 38 species list from Ietswaart is supplemented by five newly described species and one hybrid.

Systematics of the genus Origanum
Group A
Characteristics: two- or single-lipped, relatively large calyxes with a length of 4 to 12 mm and 4 to 25 mm long bracts, which are membranous, barely hairy and usually purple but occasionally also yellowish green.
  • Section Amaracus Benth.
  • Section Anatolicon Benth.
  • Section Brevifilamentum Ietsw .
  • Section Longitubus Ietsw.
Group B
Characteristics: two- or single-lipped, relatively small calyxes with a length of 1.3 to 3.5 mm and 1 to 5 mm long bracts, which are similar to the leaves and are more or less hairy.
  • Section Chilocalyx Ietsw .
  • Majorana Benth Section .
  • Origanum syriacum subsp. syriacum
  • Origanum syriacum subsp. bevanii (Holmes) Greuter & Burdet
  • Origanum syriacum subsp. sinaicum (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet
Group C
Characteristics: calyxes with five calyx teeth of the same or almost the same shape.
  • Section Campanulaticalyx Ietsw.
  • Section Elongataspica Ietsw .
  • Origanum section
  • Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgar
  • Algerian oregano ( Origanum vulgare subsp. Glandulosum (Desf.) Ietsw. )
  • Russian oregano ( Origanum vulgare subsp. Gracile (K.Koch) Ietsw. )
  • Greek oregano ( Origanum vulgare subsp. Hirtum (Link) Ietsw. )
  • Origanum vulgare subsp. virens (Hoffmanns. & Link) Ietsw.
  • Origanum vulgare subsp. viride (Willd. ex Benth.) Hayek
  • Origanum vulgare subsp. viridulum (Martrin-Donos) Nyman
  • Section Prolaticorolla Ietsw .
hybrid

swell

  • Herb Society of America (Eds.): Oregano and Marjoram. An Herb Society of America Guide to the Genus Origanum. Kirtland, Ohio, The Herb Society of America 2005 ( PDF )
  • Xi-wen Li, Ian C. Hedge: Lamiaceae. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 17 : Verbenaceae through Solanaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X (English). ( online )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Origanum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  2. ↑ Melpomeni Skoula, Jeffrey B. Harborne: The taxonomy and chemistry of Origanum . In: Spiridon E. Kintzios (ed.): Oregano: the genera Origanum and Lippia , Taylor & Francis, 2002. ISBN 978-0-415-36943-5 , pp. 67-101.

photos

Web links

Commons : Dost ( Origanum )  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Dost  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations