Douglas M. Kelley

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Douglas McGlashan Kelley (born August 11, 1912 in Truckee , California ; died January 1, 1958 in Berkeley ) was an American psychiatrist at the Nuremberg trial of major Nazi war criminals .

Life

Kelley was a descendant of the writer CF McGlashan. He studied medicine at the University of California, Berkeley , the University of California, San Francisco and was established in 1940 at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University doctorate.

Kelley worked as a lecturer at the University of California, San Francisco, and published his own research on the Rorschach test in 1942 . He was drafted as an army psychologist in 1942. At the end of the war in 1945, the Nazis who were captured were first imprisoned at Camp Ashcan in Mondorf-les-Bains , Luxembourg . As a psychologist, Kelley was a member of a group of six or seven psychologists who were supposed to psychologically examine the 52 prisoners. The Rorschach test was also used. When the prisoners were transferred to the Nuremberg prison , Kelley received his marching orders to Nuremberg. In the negotiations of the Nuremberg trial against the main war criminals from November 1945 he was employed as a forensic psychologist. It was his job to assess the responsibility of the 22 defendants in court ; this was particularly in question with Rudolf Hess . During the talks with the prisoners, Kelley came into close contact with Hermann Göring , among others , who also wrote him a personal letter. Kelley was replaced after a month as a court psychologist by Leon Goldensohn , while his colleague, the German-speaking Gustave M. Gilbert , continued to function as a prison psychologist.

After his demobilization in 1946 to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel , he was employed at the Bowman Gray School of Medicine in Winston-Salem , North Carolina . In 1947 he published his book 22 Cells in Nuremberg about the accused in the Nuremberg prison . Since 1949, Kelley was Professor of Psychiatry and Criminology at the University of California at Berkeley. In addition to teaching and research, he worked for the Berkeley Police Department and served as a psychiatric judge in murder trials. Kelley produced criminology teaching materials for KQED educational television.

Kelley committed suicide on New Year's Day 1958 with his family in dramatic circumstances suicide .

Kelley's son, who was ten when his father died, gave the American journalist Jack El-Hai information about his father 50 years later and gave him unpublished material for inspection. El-Hai then wrote a speculative book about possible psychological entanglements between the psychiatrist and his clients. In 2006 by the BBC sent docudrama Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial Kelley was by Stuart Bunce shown.

Fonts (selection)

  • 22 cells in Nuremberg. A Psychiatrist Examines the Nazi Criminals. London: WH Allen, 1947.
    • 22 men around Hitler. Memories of the American army doctor and psychiatrist at the Nuremberg prison. Olten / Bern: Delphi, 1947.
  • Bruno Klopfer : The Rorschach Technique. A Manual for a Projective Method of Personality Diagnosis. With Clinical Contributions by Douglas McGlashan Kelley; introduction by Nolan DC Lewis. Yonkers-on-Hudson: World Book Comp. 1942.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Karl M. Bowman : Douglas M. Kelley, MD, 1912-1958. In: American Journal of Psychiatry . Vol. 115, H. 1, July 1958, p. 96, DOI: 10.1176 / ajp.115.1.96 .
  2. ^ A b c d e f Joan Ryan: Mysterious suicide of Nuremburg psychiatrist. In: San Francisco Chronicle . February 6, 2005.
  3. ^ Leon Goldensohn, Robert Gellately (ed.): The Nuremberg Interviews: Conversations with the accused and witnesses. Düsseldorf: Artemis & Winkler 2005, p. 31
  4. ^ Gustave M. Gilbert: Nürnberger Tagebuch. Nuremberg diary. Transferred from the American by Margaret Carroux, Karin Krauskopf and Lis Leonard. Frankfurt am Main: Fischer-Bücherei, 1963, p. 9.
  5. ↑ Nuremberg: Nazis on Trial (2006–) in the Internet Movie Database (English)
  6. ↑ Review: Norbert Zähringer : Göring was his patient. In: Literary World . January 24, 2015, p. 7.
  7. ↑ Review: Pieke Biermann: In Search of Evil. In: Deutschlandradio Kultur . September 30, 2014.
personal data
SURNAME Kelley, Douglas M.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kelley, Douglas McGlashan (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH August 11, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Truckee , California
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1958
Place of death Berkeley , California