Three-veined umbilical chickweed
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Dreinervige umbilical chickweed ( Moehringia trinervia ) |
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| Moehringia trinervia | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Clairv. |
The moehringia trinervia ( Moehringia trinervia ) is a plant from the family of the Pink family (Caryophyllaceae).
description
They are tender, annual to biennial herbaceous plants that usually reach heights of 10 to 20 cm. Its stems, which are short all around, are branched and ascending from the bottom.
The best distinguishing feature in the field are the egg-shaped, pointed leaves that almost always have three, sometimes even five, clearly recognizable leaf veins. The scientific and German-language naming of this plant species is derived from this leaf nerve. The hermaphrodite, radially symmetrical flowers are quite inconspicuous. Overall, the flowers are about 6 mm in diameter. The white petals are significantly shorter than the whitish-lined, pointed sepals .
Chromosome number 2n = 24.
ecology
The three-veined umbilical chickweed is a winter annual to perennial hemicryptophyte . The leaves have translucent points caused by large, morning star-like calcium oxalate crystals, so-called drusen .
The flowers are weakly pre-male " nectar- bearing disc flowers". Pollinators are two-winged birds and bees , but spontaneous self-pollination is also possible. Flowering time is from May to July.
The fruits are capsules that open with 6–8 teeth rolling downwards. The seeds have an oil-containing elaiosome , which has arisen from a navel-like thickening of the seed stalk and is used to spread ants . Fruit ripening is from June to October.
Occurrence
They can be found all over Europe except in the far north and most of temperate Asia .
This species grows in shady, damp places in forests and bushes. It is very common in Central Europe, but is easily overlooked because of its inconspicuous flowers and the great similarity of its habitus to chickweed . It is a character species of the Epilobio-Geranietum-robertiani from the Alliarion Association, but also occurs in Atropetalia societies. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises to the Schönberg-Alpe am Besler in Bavaria up to 1400 m above sea level.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al. a. (Ed.): Flora Europaea: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae , Vol. 1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK) 1980, ISBN 0-521-41007-X .
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Page 385. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 508.
literature
- Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
- Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria. Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer . Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
- August Binz , Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland , Schwabe & Co. AG, Basel, 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3
- Christian August Friedrich Garcke : Illustrierte Flora , 1972, Paul Parey publishing house, ISBN 3-489-68034-0
- Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .
Web links
- Three-veined umbilical chickweed. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Distribution map for Germany. In: Floraweb .
- Moehringia trinervia (L.) Clairv. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 13, 2015.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
