Dreifleck-Prussian fish
| Dreifleck-Prussian fish | ||||||||||||
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Dreifleck-Prussianfish ( Dascyllus trimaculatus ) |
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| Dascyllus trimaculatus | ||||||||||||
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The threespot dascyllus ( Dascyllus trimaculatus ) is a kind from the family of damselfish (Pomacentridae). The fish live widespread in the Red Sea and in the tropical Indo-Pacific from the coast of East Africa to Pitcairn , north to southern Japan and south to Sydney . In Hawaii and the Johnston Atoll 1,000 km to the south, they are replaced by the closely related Hawaiian Prussian fish ( Dascyllus albisella ), in the line islands by Dascyllus auripinnis and in the Marquesas by Strasburg's Prussian fish ( Dascyllus strasburgi ).
features
Triangle Prussian fish grow to be eleven centimeters long. Young fish are pitch black with a white spot on the flanks below the middle of the dorsal fin and on the forehead. The center of the scales shimmers bluish. The fins are black, with the exception of the transparent rear part of the dorsal fin and the also transparent pectoral fins. In adult animals, the deep black color disappears, as does the forehead spot. The white spots on the sides are getting smaller. The head, fins and edges of the scales usually remain black. There are different local color forms with different shades of gray predominating. But the fins and belly can also be dirty yellow. The triangular Prussian fish have 17 to 18 scales along the lateral organ . The number of gill trap processes is 22 to 26.
Fins formula : dorsal XII / 14–16, anal II / 14–15, pectoral 19–21
Way of life
The fish live in corals and rock reefs at depths of up to 55 meters. Young fish live together with symbiotic anemones like anemonefish . As host anemones that serve bubble-tip anemone that macrodactyla doreensis that cryptodendrum adhaesivum , all three Heteractis types, and the three Stichodactyla species. Triangle Prussian fish feed on copepods , other small planktonic crustaceans, and algae.
Reproduction
Like all damselfish, the fish are substrate spawners and stick their spawn to the wall in a cave or hidden niche. A clutch has around 1000 eggs. The male guards the spawn. After three days the larvae, which are only 2 mm long, hatch, leave their hiding place and initially live pelagically. The parent animals spawn again about 10 days after the larvae hatch.
Systematics
The Dreifleck-Prussian fish is the eponymous species of the Dascyllus trimaculatus - species complex , which consists of several closely related Dascyllus species, four of which have been described so far and, following the cladogram below, contains two other, previously undescribed species.
Simplified cladogram of the Dascyllus trimaculatus complex:
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Aquaristics
Triangle Prussian fish are imported from time to time for the purpose of keeping the aquarium. However, adult fish are so aggressive that keeping them together with other fish is practically impossible.
literature
- Gerald R. Allen : Damselfish of the World . Mergus Verlag, Melle 1991, ISBN 3-88244-007-4
- ↑ Giacomo Bernardi, Sally J. Holbrook, Russell J. Schmitt, Nicole L. Crane & Edward DeMartini: Species boundaries, populations and color morphs in the coral reef three-spot damselfish Dascyllus trimaculatus species complex. Proc. Biol. Sci. 2002 March 22; 269 (1491): 599-605. doi : 10.1098 / rspb 2001.1922
Web links
- Dreifleck-Prußenfisch on Fishbase.org (English)