Three-part honorary award

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Three-part honorary award
Three-part speedwell (Veronica triphyllos)

Three-part speedwell ( Veronica triphyllos )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Plantain family (Plantaginaceae)
Genre : Speedwell ( Veronica )
Type : Three-part honorary award
Scientific name
Veronica triphyllos
(L.)

The three-part speedwell ( Veronica triphyllos ), also known as the finger speedwell or three-leaved speedwell , is a species of the genus speedwell ( Veronica ) within the plantain family (Plantaginaceae).

description

Illustration from storm
Hand-shaped split cover sheets
Flower stalk with glandular hairs
Immature capsule fruit and the four enlarged, durable sepals

Appearance and leaf

The three-part speedwell grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 2 to 15 centimeters. It has an unpleasant odor. The stem is hairy glandular and usually has several ascending side shoots at the base.

The leaves are short-stalked. The leaf blade is deeply palmate in three to five parts and has more or less linear sections. The lowest leaves are often only notched or curved.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends mainly from March to May. 8 to 13 flowers each sit together in a loose, racemose inflorescence.

The hermaphroditic flowers have a double flower envelope . The four sepals are only fused at their base and enlarge after the anthesis . The crown is deeply azure blue and has a length of about 5 to 8 millimeters. The throat of the crown is whitish or yellowish. The corolla tube is white. The stamens consist of a white, non-thickened stamina and a blue anthers. The stylus is 1 to 2 millimeters long and tinged with purple.

The fruit stalks are about as long as the deep three-column bracts and are bent upwards. The capsule fruit is rounded, has deep, acute-angled margins and has dense glandular hairs. The dark brown to black seeds are 1.2 to 1.6 millimeters long, about 1.1 millimeters wide and about 0.6 millimeters thick.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

ecology

The three-part honorary award is a mesomorphic therophyte . The three-leaved speedwell is only rooted up to 15 centimeters deep.

The pollination is done by wild bees , or by self-pollination . The flowers close in the afternoon and in cloudy weather, with the anthers and stigmas touching each other and self-pollination occurs. The spread of the diaspores occurs through the wind or water or ants spread.

Occurrence

Veronica triphyllos is widespread from England and Scandinavia to the Mediterranean area with Algeria and Morocco. In an easterly direction, Veronica penetrates triphyllos to Asia Minor , the Caucasus , Western Asia , Central Asia and Siberia. It is therefore a Eurasian-sub-Mediterranean floral element .

In Austria, the three-part honorary award occurs scattered or rarely and is endangered in some areas, for example in the Alps. In Switzerland the species is rarely found in Valais and Graubünden. The three-part honorary award occurs in Germany scattered to widespread in places; it is very rare in north-west Germany .

The three-part speedwell grows in weed communities, vineyards and along roadsides. It thrives more or less well on dry, often calcareous sandy soils . He loves warmth. In Central Europe it is a character species of the Papaveretum argemone from the association Aperion spicae-venti. It is also rarely found in societies of the Caucalidion lappulae association or in those of the Sedo-Scleranthetea class.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler, Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany . Ed .: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (=  The fern and flowering plants of Germany . Volume 2 ). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Veronica triphyllos L., Finger Speedwell. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c d Dimitri Hartl: Scrophulariaceae. Dimitri Hartl, Gerhard Wagenitz (Ed.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd, completely revised edition. Volume VI. Part 1: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 4 (1) (Scrophulariaceae - Plantaginaceae) . Carl Hanser and Paul Parey, Munich and Berlin / Hamburg 1974, ISBN 3-446-10471-2 , pp. 180–182 (published in 1965–1974).
  3. ↑ a b c d e Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  841 .
  4. ^ A b Veronica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved December 19, 2017.

Web links

Commons : Three-part Speedwell ( Veronica triphyllos )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files