Three-part water crowfoot

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Three-part water crowfoot
Three-part water crowfoot

Three-part water crowfoot

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Eudicotyledons
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Three-part water crowfoot
Scientific name
Ranunculus tripartitus
DC.

The three-part Water crowfoot ( Ranunculus tripartitus ) is a plant type from the family of the Ranunculaceae . This aquatic plant belongs to the species group water crowfoot ( Ranunculus aquatilis agg.). Its main distribution area is Western Europe , from Portugal to Great Britain and northwest Germany. There are only German sites in Schleswig-Holstein . In some European countries it is on the red list for endangered species.

description

The three-part water crowfoot is an annual or perennial deciduous aquatic plant with small white flowers. The plant forms dark green, three to five-lobed, wedge-shaped, deeply split floating leaves. But these can also be missing. In deeper water it forms finely divided, hair-like water leaves. The water leaves are well articulated and much shorter than the distances between the stem nodes . The stipules are more than 2/3 fused with the petiole.

A few flowers emerge on the upper part of the stems and protrude above the surface of the water. The long flower stalks arise opposite the leaf base. The flowers are very small. The sepals are only slightly shorter than the petals and hairy. The white petals are usually less than 5 millimeters long (1.25 to 4.5 mm) and not fused. The flower develops numerous stamens , and nectar leaves are also formed.

The flowering period is March to May. A spherical fruit head with 10 to 15 bald nuts forms from the flowers .

The species is hexaploid, its chromosome number is 2n = 48.

Distribution and ecology

The three-part water crowfoot occurs sporadically in the warm temperate latitudes of northwestern Europe and in the Mediterranean region up to altitudes of about 700 meters. Outside of Europe it only occurs in Morocco. The light-loving plant grows in seasonal water holes, shallow ponds and ditches with slightly acidic clay and sand soils. They are preferably found in heathland areas . According to the ecological indicator values ​​of Ellenberg , the aquatic plant marks warm to moderately warm, extreme maritime climates. It indicates strongly changing water levels and weakly basic or acidic, nitrogen-poor soils. It is a character species of Ranunculetum peltati, but also occurs in the land form in societies of the Nanocyperion association.

The species occurs in smaller to larger groups. The flowers are pollinated by insects or by self-pollination of the hermaphrodite flowers. The plant uses the spread of water to multiply .

Systematics

There are several synonyms for the species Ranunculus tripartitus . The respective references are included in the following list:

  • Batrachium lutarium Revel - Actes Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, 25: 413, t.4 (1865) - Bull. Soc. Acad. Angers, 3: 96 (1874) -
  • Ranunculus petiveri auct. pp - non cook -

Species group water crowfoot

Because of the very similar characteristics, a separate species group Ranunculus aquatilis agg was created for the water cockfoot species . educated. It consists of the following members:

Individual evidence

The article is mainly based on the following documents:

  1. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 8 (Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae). Page 210, Helsinki 1989. ISBN 951-9108-07-6
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 417.

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