Boar Gölü

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Boar Gölü
Boar Gölü near Çayırpınar, view from the south.jpg
Eber Gölü (Boar Lake) near Çayırpınar, Afyonkarahisar Province; View from the south.
Geographical location Afyonkarahisar (Province) , Turkey
Tributaries Akarçay and meltwater streams
Drain temporarily to Akşehir Gölü
Places on the shore Derekarabağ
Location close to the shore Bolvadin, boar, Çayırpınar
Data
Coordinates 38 ° 39 ′  N , 31 ° 11 ′  E Coordinates: 38 ° 39 ′  N , 31 ° 11 ′  E
Boar Gölü (Turkey)
Boar Gölü
Altitude above sea level 967  m
surface 125 km²
length 11 km
width 15 km
Maximum depth 21 m

The Eber Gölü (Boar Lake) is located in the Central Anatolian Bolvadin , a district in the Turkish province of Afyonkarahisar . It is the twelfth largest lake in Turkey . Its deepest point is given as 21 m. The freshwater lake has an area of ​​125 km² and is a swamp area . The Turkish General Directorate for the Protection of Culture and Nature regards the lake as a nature reserve .

Environment and tributaries

In the north are the Emir Dağları mountain range and in the south the Sultan Dağları mountain range . The lake was formed in a caldera which is at an altitude of 967 meters. During the last ice age ( Pleistocene ) it was a very large and deep body of water.

The Eber Lake is fed by the Akarçay brook and the meltwater from the Sultan Dağları. Because of the seasonal differences in the inflow due to the snowmelt, its area changes over the course of a year. The lowest level was in October 1991, with the water retreating to 62 km². The highest water level was measured in May 1969, with its area expanded to 164.5 km².

Origin of the name

The nomadic people of the Turkmen called their accommodations "boars" (nomad tents).

nature

Although it is a large lake, it looks much smaller because of the large areas covered with reeds , as most of the lake looks like a willow tree. The water attracts hunters who, among other things, hunt seabirds.

There are hundreds of floating islands on the water, which the locals call "Kopak". The roots of the reeds , which get thicker and thicker over time, detach from the subsoil and rise to the surface of the water. After a while, earth forms from the remains of the vegetation and blown dust. Some of the floating reed islands are so large that fishermen, hunters and reed harvesters have been able to build smaller shelters on them. The inhabitants of some villages in the immediate vicinity of the lake farm on the fertile soil. So many local residents earn their living with the harvested grain and other products.

Sea snakes, freshwater fish, water birds, turtles and a few other species live in and around the lake. In order to protect the population, the Organization for Culture and Nature in Konya declared the lake a nature reserve on June 22, 1992.

Flora

On the surface there are reeds up to 5–6 m high. Aquatic plants and some other plant species grow on its edges, some of which are:

Fish species

Migratory birds

Many migrating birds come to the lake to lay their brood here on the Kopaks and to overwinter.

Economical meaning

A local paper mill covers its need for the materials necessary for the manufacture of its products in the damp regions of the Eber and Karamık Lakes. About a thousand workers are employed in the manufacture of paper.

Current condition

In the past, the Eber and Akşehir Gölü formed a single large lake. After the springs of the lake became less and less productive, the Akşehir lake separated from the Eber lake. Eber Lake drains water into Akşehir Lake through a canal, so that both lakes are still connected.

Due to the increasingly warmer climate and the withdrawal of water from the tributaries, the area of ​​the lake is steadily shrinking. As a result, Akşehir Lake is no longer supplied with enough water, so that it is gradually retreating from Eber Lake. The reservoirs built around the Eber Lake and the water pumps used to irrigate the agricultural areas have contributed to the fact that the surface and underground water sources have almost dried up. In order to counteract the complete drying up of the springs, engineers have initiated appropriate projects.

The Eber Lake used to be a bird paradise because of its countless aquatic plants. Today, however, the water is so polluted that hardly anyone likes to be at the lake. The reason for the enormous pollution is the discharge of sewage from the city of Afyonkarahisar into the lake. In addition, the wastewater from the surrounding factories spills into the lake. Another danger comes from accumulated rubbish. The depth of the lake has now sunk to 1.70 m.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ nature reserves. General Directorate for Culture and Nature Conservation